NovaSil clay intervention in Ghanaians at high risk for aflatoxicosis: II. Reduction in biomarkers of aflatoxin exposure in blood and urine

Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure and Risk Assessment

Volumn 25, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 622-634

  Wang, P ^a   Afriyie gyawu, E ^b   Tang, Y ^a   Johnson, N M ^b   Xu, L ^a   Tang, L ^a   Huebner, H J ^b   Ankrah, N A ^c   Ofori adjei, D ^c   Ellis, W ^d   Jolly, P E ^e   Williams, J H ^f   Wang, J S ^a   Phillips, T D ^b  

^a TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c University of Ghana   (Ghana)

^d KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Ghana)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Aflatoxicosis; Biomarkers; Fungal metabolites; NovaSil clay

Indexed keywords

AFLATOXIN; AFLATOXIN B1; AFLATOXIN M1; ALBUMIN; NOVASIL CLAY; NUTRACEUTICAL; PLACEBO; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTIDOTE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; NOVASIL;

AFLATOXICOSIS; ANTIBODY AFFINITY; ARTICLE; BIOAVAILABILITY; BLOOD SAMPLING; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY INTAKE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG MEGADOSE; FLUORESCENCE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; FOOD INTAKE; GHANA; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SAFETY; URINALYSIS; ALBUMIN BLOOD LEVEL; DOSE TIME EFFECT RELATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FUNGAL CONTAMINATION; HIGH RISK POPULATION; INFECTION RISK; MULTICENTER STUDY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PROTEIN URINE LEVEL; RISK REDUCTION; TREATMENT DURATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFLATOXINS; ALUMINUM SILICATES; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FOOD ADDITIVES; GHANA; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; STATISTICS AS TOPIC;

EID: 46249096053     PISSN: 19440049     EISSN: 19440057     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02652030701598694     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Ankrah, N-A, Huebner, H, Ofosuhene, M, Kumi, J, Johnson, N, Tang, L, Xu, L, Jolly, P, Ellis, W. 2007. NovaSil clay intervention in Ghanaians at high risk for aflatoxicosis:I. Study design and clinical outcomes. Food Additives and Contaminants 24:,:1–12.
2. Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Mackie, J, Dash, B, Wiles, M, Taylor, J, Huebner, H, Tang, L, Guan, H, Wang, J-S, and Phillips, T. 2005. Chronic toxicological evaluation of dietary NovaSil clay in Sprague–Dawley rats. Food Additives and Contaminants, 22:259–269.
3. Azziz-Baumgartner, E, Lindblade, K, Gieseker, K, Rogers, HS, Kieszak, S, Njapau, H, Schleicher, R, McCoy, LF, Misore, A, DeCock, K. 2005. Case-control study of an acute aflatoxicosis outbreak, Kenya, 2004. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113:1779–1783.
4. Brunner, E, Domhof, S, and Langer, F. 2002. Nonparametric analysis of longitudinal data in factorial experiments, New York, NY:Wiley.
5. Busby, WF, Jr and Wogan, GN. 1984. “ Aflatoxins ”. In Chemical carcinogens, Edited by:Seal, CD. 945–1136. Washington, DC:American Chemical Society.
6. Carretero, M. 2002. Clay minerals and their beneficial effects upon human health. Applied Clay Science,:155–163.
7. Coulombe, RA, Jr. 1993. Biological action of mycotoxins. Journal of Dairy Science, 76:880–891.
8. Egal, S, Hounsa, A, Gong, YY, Turner, PC, Wild, CP, Hall, AJ, Hell, K, and Cardwell, KF. 2005. Dietary exposure to aflatoxin from maize and groundnut in young children from Benin and Togo. West Africa. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 104:215–224.
9. Egner, PA, Wang, JB, Zhu, YR, Zhang, BC, Wu, Y, Zhang, QN, Qian, GS, Kuang, SY, Gange, SJ, Jacobson, LP. 2001. Chlorophyllin intervention reduces aflatoxin–DNA adducts in individuals at high risk for liver cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 98:14601–14606.
10. Gan, LS, Skipper, PL, Peng, XC, Groopman, JD, Chen, JS, Wogan, GN, and Tannenbaum, SR. 1988. Serum albumin adducts in the molecular epidemiology of aflatoxin carcinogenesis:Correlation with aflatoxin B1 intake and urinary excretion of aflatoxin M1. Carcinogenesis, 9:1323–1325.
11. Gange, SJ, Munoz, A, Wang, JS, and Groopman, JD. 1996. Variability of molecular biomarker measurements from nonlinear calibration curves. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 5:57–61.
12. Gong, YY, Egal, S, Hounsa, A, Turner, PC, Hall, AJ, Cardwell, KF, and Wild, CP. 2003. Determinants of aflatoxin exposure in young children from Benin and Togo, West Africa:The critical role of weaning. International Journal of Epidemiology, 32:556–562.
13. Groopman, JD, Hasler, JA, Trudel, LJ, Pikul, A, Donahue, PR, and Wogan, GN. 1992a. Molecular dosimetry in rat urine of aflatoxin-N7-guanine and other aflatoxin metabolites by multiple monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography and immunoaffinity/high performance liquid chromatography. Cancer Research, 52:267–274.
14. Groopman, JD, and Kensler, TW. 1993. Molecular biomarkers for human chemical carcinogen exposures. Chemistry Research in Toxicology, 6:764–770.
15. Groopman, JD, Scholl, P, and Wang, JS. 1996a. Epidemiology of human aflatoxin exposures and their relationship to liver cancer. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, 395:211–222.
16. Groopman, JD, Wang, JS, and Scholl, P. 1996b. Molecular biomarkers for aflatoxins:From adducts to gene mutations to human liver cancer. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 74:203–209.
17. Groopman, JD, Wogan, GN, Roebuck, BD, and Kensler, TW. 1994. Molecular biomarkers for aflatoxins and their application to human cancer prevention. Cancer Research, 54:1907s–1911s.
18. Groopman, JD, Zhu, JQ, Donahue, PR, Pikul, A, Zhang, LS, Chen, JS, and Wogan, GN. 1992b. Molecular dosimetry of urinary aflatoxin–DNA adducts in people living in Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Cancer Research, 52:45–52.
19. Harvey, RB, Kubena, LF, Phillips, TD, Corrier, DE, Elissalde, MH, and Huff, WE. 1991a. Diminution of aflatoxin toxicity to growing lambs by dietary supplementation with hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 52:152–156.
20. Harvey, RB, Phillips, TD, Ellis, JA, Kubena, LF, Huff, WE, and Petersen, HD. 1991b. Effects on aflatoxin M1 residues in milk by addition of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to aflatoxin-contaminated diets of dairy cows. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 52:1556–1559.
21. Hinton, DM, Myers, MJ, Raybourne, RA, Francke-Carroll, S, Sotomayor, RE, Shaddock, J, Warbritton, A, and Chou, MW. 2003. Immunotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 in rats:Effects on lymphocytes and the inflammatory response in a chronic intermittent dosing study. Toxicological Sciences, 73:362–377.
22. Huang, T, Yu, J, Tang, L, Luo, H, Billam, M, Wei, Z, Liang, Y, Li, Y, Wang, K, Shi, J. 2004. Phase IIa chemoprevention trial of green tea polyphenols in high-risk individuals of liver cancer:I. Design, clinical outcomes, and baseline biomarker data. International Journal of Cancer Prevention, 1:269–280.
23. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 1993. “ Some naturally occurring substances:Food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxins ”. In Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 56, 207–271. Lyon:IARC Press.
24. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 2002. “ Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene ”. In Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 82, 171–274. Lyon:IARC.
25. Jiang, Y, Jolly, PE, Ellis, WO, Wang, JS, Phillips, TD, and Williams, JH. 2005. Aflatoxin B1 albumin adduct levels and cellular immune status in Ghanaians. International Immunology, 17:807–814.
26. Jolly, P, Jiang, Y, Ellis, W, Awuah, R, Nnedu, O, Phillips, T, Wang, JS, Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Tang, L, Person, S. 2006. Determinants of aflatoxin levels in Ghanaians:Sociodemographic factors, knowledge of aflatoxin and food handling and consumption practices. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 209:345–358.
27. Kensler, TW, Gange, SJ, Egner, PA, Dolan, PM, Munoz, A, Groopman, JD, Rogers, AE, and Roebuck, BD. 1997. Predictive value of molecular dosimetry:Individual versus group effects of oltipraz on aflatoxin–albumin adducts and risk of liver cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 6:603–610.
28. Kensler, TW, Groopman, JD, and Roebuck, BD. 1998a. Use of aflatoxin adducts as intermediate endpoints to assess the efficacy of chemopreventive interventions in animals and man. Mutation Research, 402:165–172.
29. Kensler, TW, He, X, Otieno, M, Egner, PA, Jacobson, LP, Chen, B, Wang, J-S, Zhu, YR, Zhang, BC, Wang, JB, Wu, Y, Zhang, QN, Qian, GS, Kuang, SY, Fang, X, Li, Y-F, Yu, LY, Prochaska, HJ, Davidson, NE, Gordon, GB, Gorman, MB, Zarba, A, Enger, C, Munoz, A, Helzlsouer, KJ, and Groopman, JD. 1998b. Oltipraz chemoprevention trial in Qidong, People's Republic of China:Modulation of serum aflatoxin albumin adduct biomarkers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 7:127–134.
30. Kuang, S-Y, Fang, X, Lu, P-X, Zhang, Q-N, Wu, Y, Wang, J-B, Zhu, Y-R, Groopman, J, Kensler, T, and Qian, G-S. 1996. Aflatoxin–albumin adducts and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China. Proceedings of American Association for Cancer Research, 37:1714
31. Kubena, LF, Huff, WE, Harvey, RB, Yersin, AG, Elissalde, MH, Witzel, DA, Giroir, LE, Phillips, TD, and Petersen, HD. 1991. Effects of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on growing turkey poults during aflatoxicosis. Poultry Science, 70:1823–1830.
32. Lewis, L, Onsongo, M, Njapau, H, Schurz-Rogers, H, Luber, G, Kieszak, S, Nyamongo, J, Backer, L, Dahiye, AM, Misore, A. 2005. Aflatoxin contamination of commercial maize products during an outbreak of acute aflatoxicosis in eastern and central Kenya. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113:1763–1767.
33. Lindemann, MD, Blodgett, DJ, Kornegay, ET, and Schurig, GG. 1993. Potential ameliorators of aflatoxicosis in weanling/growing swine. Journal of Animal Science, 71:171–178.
34. Lunn, RM, Zhang, YJ, Wang, LY, Chen, CJ, Lee, PH, Lee, CS, Tsai, WY, and Santella, RM. 1997. p53 mutations, chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and aflatoxin exposure in hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan. Cancer Research, 57:3471–3477.
35. Mayura, K, Abdel-Wahhab, MA, McKenzie, KS, Sarr, AB, Edwards, JF, Naguib, K, and Phillips, TD. 1998. Prevention of maternal and developmental toxicity in rats via dietary inclusion of common aflatoxin sorbents:Potential for hidden risks. Toxicological Sciences, 41:175–182.
36. McGlyn, KA, Rosvold, EA, Lustbader, ED, Hu, Y, Clapper, ML, Zhou, T, Wild, CP, Xia, X-L, Baffoe-Bonnie, A, Ofori-Adjei, D, Chen, GC, London, WT, Shen, F-M, and Buetow, KH. 1995. Susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with genetic variation in the enzymatic detoxification of aflatoxin B1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 92:2384–2387.
37. Phillips, TD. 1999. Dietary clay in the chemoprevention of aflatoxin-induced disease. Toxicological Sciences, 52:118–126.
38. Phillips, TD, Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Wang, J-S, Williams, J, and Huebner, H. 2006. “ The potential of aflatoxin sequestering clay ”. In The mycotoxin factbook, Edited by:Barug, D, Bhatnagar, D, Van Egmond, HP, Van der Kamp, JW, Van Osenbruggen, WA, and Visconti, A. 329–346. Wageningen:Wageningen Academic.
39. Phillips, TD, Kubena, LF, Harvey, RB, Taylor, DR, and Heidelbaugh, ND. 1988. Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate:A high affinity sorbent for aflatoxin. Poultry Science, 67:243–247.
40. Phillips, TD, Lemke, SL, and Grant, PG. 2002. Characterization of clay-based enterosorbents for the prevention of aflatoxicosis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 504:157–171.
41. Pimpukdee, K, Kubena, LF, Bailey, CA, Huebner, HJ, Afriyie-Gyawu, E, and Phillips, TD. 2004. Aflatoxin-induced toxicity and depletion of hepatic vitamin A in young broiler chicks:Protection of chicks in the presence of low levels of NovaSil PLUS in the diet. Poultry Science, 83:737–744.
42. Qian, GS, Ross, RK, Yu, MC, Yuan, JM, Gao, YT, Henderson, BE, Wogan, GN, and Groopman, JD. 1994. A follow-up study of urinary markers of aflatoxin exposure and liver cancer risk in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 3:3–10.
43. Ross, RK, Yuan, JM, Yu, MC, Wogan, GN, Qian, GS, Tu, JT, Groopman, JD, Gao, YT, and Henderson, BE. 1992. Urinary aflatoxin biomarkers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet, 339:943–946.
44. Sarr, AB, Mayura, K, Kubena, LF, Harvey, RB, and Phillips, TD. 1995. Effects of phyllosilicate clay on the metabolic profile of aflatoxin B1 in Fischer-344 rats. Toxicological Letters, 75:145–151.
45. Skipper, PL, and Tannenbaum, SR. 1990. Protein adducts in the molecular dosimetry of chemical carcinogens. Carcinogenesis, 11:507–518.
46. Smith, EE, Phillips, TD, Ellis, JA, Harvey, RB, Kubena, LF, Thompson, J, and Newton, G. 1994. Dietary hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate reduction of aflatoxin M1 residue in dairy goat milk and effects on milk production and components. Journal of Animal Science, 72:677–682.
47. Sun, CA, Wu, DM, Wang, LY, Chen, CJ, You, SL, and Santella, RM. 2002. Determinants of formation of aflatoxin–albumin adducts:A seven-township study in Taiwan. British Journal of Cancer, 87:966–970.
48. Tang, L, Tang, M, Luo, H, Huang, T, Yu, J, Wei, Z, Liang, Y, Wang, K, Zhang, Z, Zhang, L. 2003. Chemoprevention trial of green tea polyphenols in high-risk population of liver cancer:Modulation of serum and urinary aflatoxin biomarkers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 12, 1349s
49. Tao, P, Zhi-Ming, L, Tang-Wei, L, Le-Qun, L, Min-Hao, P, Xue, Q, Lu-Nam, Y, Ren-Xiang, L, Zong-Liang, W, Lian-Wen, W. 2005. Associated factors in modulating aflatoxin B1–albumin adduct level in three Chinese populations. Digestive Diseases Sciences, 50:525–532.
50. Turner, PC, Collinson, AC, Cheung, YB, Gong, YY, Hall, AJ, Prentice, AM, and Wild, CP. 2007. Aflatoxin in utero causes growth faltering in Gambian infants. International Journal of Epidemiology, 36:1119–1125.
51. Turner, PC, Dingley, KH, Coxhead, J, Russell, S, and Garner, CR. 1998. Detectable levels of serum aflatoxin B1–albumin adducts in the United Kingdom population:Implications for aflatoxin-B1 exposure in the United Kingdom. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 7:441–447.
52. Turner, PC, Moore, SE, Hall, AJ, Prentice, AM, and Wild, CP. 2003. Modification of immune function through exposure to dietary aflatoxin in Gambian children. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111:217–220.
53. Turner, PC, Sylla, A, Gong, YY, Diallo, MS, Sutcliffe, AE, Hall, AJ, and Wild, CP. 2005. Reduction in exposure to carcinogenic aflatoxins by postharvest intervention measures in west Africa:A community-based intervention study. Lancet, 365:1950–1956.
54. Wang, J-S, Abubaker, S, He, X, Sun, G, Strickland, PT, and Groopman, JD. 2001a. Development of aflatoxin B(1)-lysine adduct monoclonal antibody for human exposure studies. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67:2712–2717.
55. Wang, J-S, and Groopman, JD. 1999. DNA damage by mycotoxins. Mutation Research, 424:167–181.
56. Wang, J-S, Huang, T, Su, J, Liang, F, Wei, Z, Liang, Y, Luo, H, Kuang, SY, Qian, GS, Sun, G. 2001b. Hepatocellular carcinoma and aflatoxin exposure in Zhuqing Village, Fusui County, People's Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 10:143–146.
57. Wang, J-S, Luo, H, Billam, M, Wang, Z, Guan, H, Tang, L, Goldston, T, Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Lovett, C, Griswold, J. 2005. Short-term safety evaluation of processed calcium montmorillonite clay (NovaSil) in humans. Food Additives and Contaminants, 22:270–279.
58. Wang, J-S, Qian, GS, Zarba, A, He, X, Zhu, YR, Zhang, BC, Jacobson, L, Gange, SJ, Munoz, A, Kensler, TW. 1996a. Temporal patterns of aflatoxin–albumin adducts in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive and antigen-negative residents of Daxin, Qidong County, People's Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 5:253–261.
59. Wang, J-S, Shen, X, He, X, Zhu, YR, Zhang, BC, Wang, JB, Qian, GS, Kuang, SY, Zarba, A, Egner, PA. 1999. Protective alterations in phase 1 and 2 metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by oltipraz in residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 91:347–354.
60. Wang, LY, Hatch, M, Chen, CJ, Levin, B, You, SL, Lu, SN, Wu, MH, Wu, WP, Wang, LW, Wang, Q. 1996. Aflatoxin exposure and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan. International Journal of Cancer, 67:620–625.
61. Wild, CP, Hasegawa, R, Barraud, L, Chutimataewin, S, Chapot, B, Ito, N, and Montesano, R. 1996. Aflatoxin–albumin adducts:A basis for comparative carcinogenesis between animals and humans. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 5:179–189.
62. Wild, CP, Hudson, GJ, Sabbioni, G, Chapot, B, Hall, AJ, Wogan, GN, Whittle, H, Montesano, R, and Groopman, JD. 1992a. Dietary intake of aflatoxins and the level of albumin-bound aflatoxin in peripheral blood in The Gambia, West Africa. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 1:229–234.
63. Wild, CP, Jiang, YZ, Allen, SJ, Jansen, LA, Hall, AJ, and Montesano, R. 1990. Aflatoxin–albumin adducts in human sera from different regions of the world. Carcinogenesis, 11:2271–2274.
64. Wild, CP, Shrestha, SM, Anwar, WA, and Montesano, R. 1992b. “ Field studies of aflatoxin exposure, metabolism and induction of genetic alterations in relation to HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinoma ”. In The Gambia and Thailand, Vol. 64–65, 455–461. Toxicology Letters.
65. Wild, CP, and Turner, PC. 2002. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis, 17:471–481.
66. Wild, CP, Yin, F, Turner, PC, Chemin, I, Chapot, B, Mendy, M, Whittle, H, Kirk, GD, and Hall, AJ. 2000. Environmental and genetic determinants of aflatoxin–albumin adducts in the Gambia. International. Journal of Cancer, 86:1–7.
67. Wiles, M, Huebner, H, Afriyie-Gyawu, E, Taylor, R, Bratton, G, and Phillips, T. 2004. Toxicological evaluation and metal bioavailability in pregnant rats following exposure to clay minerals in the diet. Journal of Toxicology and Environment Health A, 67:863–874.
68. Wogan, GN. 1992. Aflatoxins as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. Cancer Research, 52:2114s–2118s.
69. Zarba, A, Wild, CP, Hall, AJ, Montesano, R, Hudson, GJ, and Groopman, JD. 1992. Aflatoxin M1 in human breast milk from The Gambia, west Africa, quantified by combined monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity chromatography and HPLC. Carcinogenesis, 13:891–894.
70. Zhu, JQ, Zhang, LS, Hu, X, Xiao, Y, Chen, JS, Xu, YC, Fremy, J, and Chu, FS. 1987. Correlation of dietary aflatoxin B1 levels with excretion of aflatoxin M1 in human urine. Cancer Research, 47:1848–1852.