Stuck between a ROC and a hard place? Barriers to the take up of green energy in the UK

Energy Policy

Volumn 36, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 3043-3051

  Diaz Rainey, Ivan ^a   Ashton, John K ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Energy policy; Green energy; Willingness to pay

Indexed keywords

EID: 46049118776     PISSN: 03014215     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.03.038     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. S. Batley, D. Colbourne, P. Fleming, and P. Urwin Citizen versus consumer: challenges in the UK green power market Energy Policy 29 6 2001 479 487
2. L. Bird, R. Wüstenhagen, and J. Aabakken A review of international green power markets: recent experience, trends, and market drivers Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 6 2002 513 536
3. L. Bird, L. Dagher, and B. Swezey Green Power Marketing in the United States: A Status Report 10th ed 2007 National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/TP-670-42502 Golden, CO
4. B. Boardman, C. Jardine, and J. Lipp Green Electricity Code of Practice: A Scoping Study 2006 Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford Oxford
5. A. Borchers, J. Duke, and G. Parsons Does willingness to pay for green energy differ by source? Energy Policy 35 2007 3327 3334
6. Centirca Centrica's Response to the OFGEM Consultation: Developing Guidelines for Green Supply 2007 Available from 〈http://www.ofgem.gov.uk〉
7. L. Dale, D. Milborrow, R. Slark, and G. Strbac Total cost estimates for large-scale wind scenarios in the UK Energy Policy 32 2004 1949 1956
8. J. Davenport Green Electricity - The Consumer Minefield. Paper Prepared for Ofgem's Environmental Advisory Group 2004 Available from 〈http://www.ofgem.gov.uk〉
9. J. Devries Marketing Green Power 2004 IMUG Hannover, Germany Available from URL: 〈http://www.imug.de/pdfs/kunden/hp_imug_devries_marketing_green_power_2004.pdf〉
10. DTI Energy White Paper; Our Energy Future - Creating a Low Carbon Economy 2003 Department of Trade and Industry, The Stationary Office London
11. DTI The Energy Challenge: Energy Review Report 2006 2006 Department of Trade and Industry, The Stationary Office London
12. DTI Meeting the Energy Challenge: A White Paper on Energy 2007 Department of Trade and Industry, The Stationary Office London
13. DTI Renewable Energy: Reform of the Renewables Obligation 2007 Department of Trade and Industry, The Stationary Office London
14. Energywatch, 2007. Green tariffs - tariff type. Web page [online] (cited 13 September 2007) Available from URL .
15. B.C. Fahrar, and A.H. Houston Willingness to Pay for Electricity from Renewable Energy 1996 National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL Technical Report Golden, CO
16. R. Fouquet The United Kingdom demand for renewable electricity in a liberalized market Energy Policy 26 4 1998 281 293
17. S. Gossling, T. Kunkel, K. Schumacher, N. Heck, J. Birkemeyer, J. Froese, N. Naber, and E. Schliermann A target group-specific approach to "green" power retailing: students as consumers of renewable energy Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 9 1 2005 69 83
18. V. Graham Reality or Rhetoric? Green Tariffs for Domestic Consume 2006 National Consumer Council London
19. Ipsos MORI, 2008. Consumers' Views on Renewable and Low Carbon Supply Tariffs Research Study Conducted for Ofgem. Ipsos MORI/J32203, January. Available from .
20. T. Kåberger Environmental labelling of electricity delivery contracts in Sweden Energy Policy 31 7 2003 633 640
21. J. Markard, and B. Truffer The promotional impacts of green power products on renewable energy sources: direct and indirect eco-effects Energy Policy 34 2006 306 321
22. OFGEM Revision of Guidelines on Green Supply Offerings - Consultation Document 2005 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets London
23. OFGEM Renewables Obligation - 1 April 2005 to 31 March 2006 2006 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, Information Note R/44 London
24. OFGEM Domestic Retail Market Report - June 2007 2007 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets London
25. OFGEM Developing Guidelines for Green Supply - Consultation Document 2007 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets London
26. OFGEM Renewables Obligation - 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2007 2007 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, Information Note R/36 London
27. OFGEM The Renewables Obligation Buy-Out Fund (2006-2007) 2007 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, Information Note R/42 London
28. OFGEM Cutting the Green Consumer Confusion - Next Steps 2007 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, Consultation Document, Ref: 275/07 London
29. OFGEM, 2008. Way Forward: Cutting the Green Customer Confusion. Letter to consultation stakeholders by Martin Crouch, Director, European Strategy & Environment, Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, 21 February, London.
30. B. Roe, M. Teisl, A. Levy, and M. Russell US consumers' willingness to pay for green electricity Energy Policy 29 11 2001 917 925
31. S. Salmela, and V. Varho Consumers in the green electricity market in Finland Energy Policy 34 2006 3669 3683
32. A. Smith, and J. Watson The Renewables Obligation: Can it Deliver? Tyndall Briefing Note 4, April 2002 2002 Tyndall Centre Norwich, England Available from 〈http://www.tyndall.ac.uk/publications/briefing_notes/briefing_notes.shtml〉
33. P. Soderholm, and G. Klaassen Wind power in Europe: a simultaneous innovation-diffusion model Environmental and Resource Economics 36 2007 163 190
34. K. Tovey Consultation Developing Guidelines for Green Supply: Response from The CRED (Community Carbon Reduction Programme) 2007 Available from 〈http://www.ofgem.gov.uk〉
35. S. van Rooijen, and M. van Wees Green electricity policies in the Netherlands: an analysis of policy decisions Energy Policy 34 2006 60 71
36. R. Wiser Using Contingent Valuation to Explore Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy: A Comparison of Collective and Voluntary Payment Vehicles 2003 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Working Paper LBNL-53239 Berkeley, CA
37. R. Wiser, and S. Pickle Green marketing, renewables, and free riders: increasing customer demand for the public good. LBNL Technical Report 1997 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA
38. R. Wüstenhagen, and M. Bilharz Green energy market development in Germany: effective public policy and emerging customer demand Energy Policy 34 2006 1681 1696
39. R. Wüstenhagen, J. Markard, and B. Truffer Diffusion of green power products in Switzerland Energy Policy 31 7 2003 621 632
40. WWF-UK, 2008. WWF's response to Ofgem's consultation on revised guidelines for green supply offerings. Letter to OFGEM by Dr. Keith Allott, Head of Climate Change team, World Wilde Fund for Nature UK, 21 February. Available from .
41. J. Zarnikau Consumer demand for 'green power' and energy efficiency Energy Policy 31 15 2003 1661 1672