메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 389-402

Efficacy of parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine dipeptide to decrease hospital infections in critically ill surgical patients

Author keywords

Critical illness; Glutamine; Hospital infections; Parenteral nutrition

Indexed keywords

ALANYLGLUTAMINE;

EID: 45749135445     PISSN: 01486071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0148607108317880     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (90)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0029148091 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe: Results of the European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care (EPIC) Study. EPIC International Advisory Committee
    • Vincent JL, Bihari DJ, Suter PM, et al. The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe: results of the European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care (EPIC) Study. EPIC International Advisory Committee. JAMA. 1995 ; 274: 639-644.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 639-644
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Bihari, D.J.2    Suter, P.M.3
  • 2
    • 0031967825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and outcome of nosocomial infections: Results of a matched case-control study of ICU patients
    • Girou E., Stephan F., Novara A., Safar M., Fagon JY Risk factors and outcome of nosocomial infections: results of a matched case-control study of ICU patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 ; 157: 1151-1158.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.157 , pp. 1151-1158
    • Girou, E.1    Stephan, F.2    Novara, A.3    Safar, M.4    Fagon, J.Y.5
  • 3
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S., Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med. 2003 ; 348: 1546-1554.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3    Moss, M.4
  • 4
    • 0033836839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States
    • Richards MJ, Edwards JR, Culver DH, Gaynes RP Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2000 ; 21: 510-515.
    • (2000) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.21 , pp. 510-515
    • Richards, M.J.1    Edwards, J.R.2    Culver, D.H.3    Gaynes, R.P.4
  • 5
    • 26444433429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and control of antimicrobial-resistant infections in intensive care patients
    • Salgado CD, O'Grady N., Farr BM Prevention and control of antimicrobial-resistant infections in intensive care patients. Crit Care Med. 2005 ; 33: 2373-2382.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 2373-2382
    • Salgado, C.D.1    O'Grady, N.2    Farr, B.M.3
  • 6
    • 33646228401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of antifungals in the surgical intensive care unit: A multi-institutional study
    • Garey KW, Neuhauser MM, Bearden DT, et al. Evaluation of antifungals in the surgical intensive care unit: a multi-institutional study. Mycoses. 2006 ; 49: 226-233.
    • (2006) Mycoses , vol.49 , pp. 226-233
    • Garey, K.W.1    Neuhauser, M.M.2    Bearden, D.T.3
  • 7
    • 0029959130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections
    • Fridkin SK, Jarvis WR Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1996 ; 9: 499-511.
    • (1996) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.9 , pp. 499-511
    • Fridkin, S.K.1    Jarvis, W.R.2
  • 9
    • 0030994457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct mechanisms of immunosuppression as a consequence of major surgery
    • Hensler T., Hecker H., Heeg K., et al. Distinct mechanisms of immunosuppression as a consequence of major surgery. Infect Immun. 1997 ; 65: 2283-2291.
    • (1997) Infect Immun , vol.65 , pp. 2283-2291
    • Hensler, T.1    Hecker, H.2    Heeg, K.3
  • 10
    • 0037980373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative cell mediated immune response is better preserved after laparoscopic vs open colorectal resection in humans
    • Whelan RL, Franklin M., Holubar SD, et al. Postoperative cell mediated immune response is better preserved after laparoscopic vs open colorectal resection in humans. Surg Endosc. 2003 ; 17: 972-978.
    • (2003) Surg Endosc , vol.17 , pp. 972-978
    • Whelan, R.L.1    Franklin, M.2    Holubar, S.D.3
  • 11
    • 0023797104 scopus 로고
    • The gut: A central organ after surgical stress
    • Wilmore DW, Smith RJ, O'Dwyer ST, et al. The gut: a central organ after surgical stress. Surgery. 1988 ; 104: 917-923.
    • (1988) Surgery , vol.104 , pp. 917-923
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Smith, R.J.2    O'Dwyer, S.T.3
  • 12
    • 0029935286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the gut in multiple organ failure: Bacterial translocation and permeability changes
    • Swank GM, Deitch EA Role of the gut in multiple organ failure: bacterial translocation and permeability changes. World J Surg. 1996 ; 20: 411-417.
    • (1996) World J Surg , vol.20 , pp. 411-417
    • Swank, G.M.1    Deitch, E.A.2
  • 13
    • 0037385114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal epithelial hyperpermeability: Update on the pathogenesis of gut mucosal barrier dysfunction in critical illness
    • Fink MP Intestinal epithelial hyperpermeability: update on the pathogenesis of gut mucosal barrier dysfunction in critical illness. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2003 ; 9: 143-151.
    • (2003) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.9 , pp. 143-151
    • Fink, M.P.1
  • 14
    • 0037229085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical concepts of interactions, synergism and antagonism between nutrition and infection
    • Scrimshaw NS Historical concepts of interactions, synergism and antagonism between nutrition and infection. J Nutr. 2003 ; 133: 316S - 321S.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133
    • Scrimshaw, N.S.1
  • 16
    • 0025912986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in surgical patients
    • The Veterans Affairs Total Parenteral Nutrition Cooperative Study Group.
    • The Veterans Affairs Total Parenteral Nutrition Cooperative Study Group. Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in surgical patients. N Engl J Med. 2001 ; 325: 525-532.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 525-532
  • 17
    • 0042279261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Critical Care Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee. Canadian clinical practice guidelines for nutrition support in mechanically ventilated, critically ill adult patients
    • Heyland DK, Dhaliwal R., Drover JW, Gramlich L., Dodek P. Canadian Critical Care Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee. Canadian clinical practice guidelines for nutrition support in mechanically ventilated, critically ill adult patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2003 ; 27: 355-373.
    • (2003) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.27 , pp. 355-373
    • Heyland, D.K.1    Dhaliwal, R.2    Drover, J.W.3    Gramlich, L.4    Dodek, P.5
  • 18
    • 0032539180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total parenteral nutrition in the critically ill patient: A meta-analysis
    • Heyland DK, MacDonald S., Keefe L., Drover JW Total parenteral nutrition in the critically ill patient: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 1998 ; 280: 2013-2019.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 2013-2019
    • Heyland, D.K.1    MacDonald, S.2    Keefe, L.3    Drover, J.W.4
  • 19
    • 0035879504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Epidemiology of Mycoses Survey (NEMIS) Study Group. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: The NEMIS prospective multicenter study. the National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey
    • Blumberg HM, Jarvis WR, Soucie JM,, et al. National Epidemiology of Mycoses Survey (NEMIS) Study Group. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. The National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 ; 33: 177-186.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 177-186
    • Blumberg, H.M.1    Jarvis, W.R.2    Soucie, J.M.3
  • 20
    • 0035829852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Van den Berghe G., Wouters P., Weekers F.,, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001 ; 345: 1359-1367.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 21
    • 0034842396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of glutamine supplementation in patients following elective surgery and accidental injury
    • Wilmore DW The effect of glutamine supplementation in patients following elective surgery and accidental injury. J Nutr. 2001 ; 131 (9 suppl). 2543S - 2549S.
    • (2001) J Nutr , vol.131 , Issue.9
    • Wilmore, D.W.1
  • 22
    • 0031598594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein and amino acid metabolism and therapy: What is new and what has been left aside
    • Furst P., Ziegler TR Protein and amino acid metabolism and therapy: what is new and what has been left aside. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 1998 ; 1: 59-65.
    • (1998) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.1 , pp. 59-65
    • Furst, P.1    Ziegler, T.R.2
  • 24
    • 0033489873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine and the immune system
    • Calder PC, Yaqoob P. Glutamine and the immune system. Amino Acids. 1999 ; 17: 227-241.
    • (1999) Amino Acids , vol.17 , pp. 227-241
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 25
    • 0024580521 scopus 로고
    • Addition of glutamine to total parenteral nutrition after elective abdominal surgery spares free glutamine in muscle, counteracts the fall in muscle protein synthesis, and improves nitrogen balance
    • Hammarqvist F., Wernerman J., Ali R., von der Decken A., Vinnars E. Addition of glutamine to total parenteral nutrition after elective abdominal surgery spares free glutamine in muscle, counteracts the fall in muscle protein synthesis, and improves nitrogen balance. Ann Surg. 1989 ; 209: 455-461.
    • (1989) Ann Surg , vol.209 , pp. 455-461
    • Hammarqvist, F.1    Wernerman, J.2    Ali, R.3    Von Der Decken, A.4    Vinnars, E.5
  • 26
    • 0022209426 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid concentrations in plasma and skeletal muscle of patients with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis
    • Roth E., Zoch G., Schulz F., et al. Amino acid concentrations in plasma and skeletal muscle of patients with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis. Clin Chem. 1985 ; 31: 1305-1309.
    • (1985) Clin Chem , vol.31 , pp. 1305-1309
    • Roth, E.1    Zoch, G.2    Schulz, F.3
  • 27
    • 0024492090 scopus 로고
    • Effect of parenteral glutamine peptide supplements on muscle glutamine loss and nitrogen balance after major surgery
    • Stehle P., Zander J., Mertes N., et al. Effect of parenteral glutamine peptide supplements on muscle glutamine loss and nitrogen balance after major surgery. Lancet. 1989 ; 1: 231-233.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 231-233
    • Stehle, P.1    Zander, J.2    Mertes, N.3
  • 30
    • 0031969390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old and new substrates in clinical nutrition
    • Furst P. Old and new substrates in clinical nutrition. J Nutr. 1998 ; 128: 789-796.
    • (1998) J Nutr , vol.128 , pp. 789-796
    • Furst, P.1
  • 31
    • 0027102761 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and metabolic efficacy of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition after bone marrow transplantation: A randomized, double-blind, controlled study
    • Ziegler TR, Young LS, Benfell K., et al. Clinical and metabolic efficacy of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition after bone marrow transplantation: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Ann Intern Med. 1992 ; 116: 821-828.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 821-828
    • Ziegler, T.R.1    Young, L.S.2    Benfell, K.3
  • 32
    • 0033673955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-containment through L-alanyl-L-glutamine supplemented total parenteral nutrition after major abdominal surgery: A prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled study
    • Mertes N., Schulzki C., Goeters C., et al. Cost-containment through L-alanyl-L-glutamine supplemented total parenteral nutrition after major abdominal surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled study. Clin Nutr. 2000 ; 19: 395-401.
    • (2000) Clin Nutr , vol.19 , pp. 395-401
    • Mertes, N.1    Schulzki, C.2    Goeters, C.3
  • 33
    • 0034986093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition on nitrogen balance and immunologic status in patients undergoing elective aortic aneurysm repair
    • Karwowska KA, Dworacki G., Trybus M., Zeromski J., Szulc R. Influence of glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition on nitrogen balance and immunologic status in patients undergoing elective aortic aneurysm repair. Nutrition. 2001 ; 17: 475-478.
    • (2001) Nutrition , vol.17 , pp. 475-478
    • Karwowska, K.A.1    Dworacki, G.2    Trybus, M.3    Zeromski, J.4    Szulc, R.5
  • 35
    • 0028099419 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine dipeptide-supplemented parenteral nutrition maintains intestinal function in the critically ill
    • Tremel H., Kienle B., Weilemann LS, Stehle P., Furst P. Glutamine dipeptide-supplemented parenteral nutrition maintains intestinal function in the critically ill. Gastroenterology. 1994 ; 107: 1595-1601.
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.107 , pp. 1595-1601
    • Tremel, H.1    Kienle, B.2    Weilemann, L.S.3    Stehle, P.4    Furst, P.5
  • 36
    • 0028075198 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition enhances T-lymphocyte response in surgical patients undergoing colorectal resection
    • O'Riordain MG, Fearon KCH, Ross JA, et al. Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition enhances T-lymphocyte response in surgical patients undergoing colorectal resection. Ann Surg. 1994 ; 220: 212-221.
    • (1994) Ann Surg , vol.220 , pp. 212-221
    • O'Riordain, M.G.1    Kch, F.2    Ross, J.A.3
  • 37
    • 0031974395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of glutamine supplementation on circulating lymphocytes after bone marrow transplantation: A pilot study
    • Ziegler TR, Bye RL, Persinger RL, et al. Effects of glutamine supplementation on circulating lymphocytes after bone marrow transplantation: a pilot study. Am J Med Sci. 1998 ; 315: 4-10.
    • (1998) Am J Med Sci , vol.315 , pp. 4-10
    • Ziegler, T.R.1    Bye, R.L.2    Persinger, R.L.3
  • 38
    • 0037208626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative GLY-GLN infusion diminishes the surgery-induced period of immunosuppression: Accelerated restoration of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha response
    • Exner R., Tamandl D., Goetzinger P., et al. Perioperative GLY-GLN infusion diminishes the surgery-induced period of immunosuppression: accelerated restoration of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha response. Ann Surg. 2003 ; 237: 110-115.
    • (2003) Ann Surg , vol.237 , pp. 110-115
    • Exner, R.1    Tamandl, D.2    Goetzinger, P.3
  • 39
    • 0035168102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine administration reduces Gram-negative bacteremia in severely burned patients: A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial versus isonitrogenous control
    • Wischmeyer PE, Lynch J., Liedel J., et al. Glutamine administration reduces Gram-negative bacteremia in severely burned patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial versus isonitrogenous control. Crit Care Med. 2001 ; 29: 2075-2080.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 2075-2080
    • Wischmeyer, P.E.1    Lynch, J.2    Liedel, J.3
  • 40
    • 0036294978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection, multiple organ failure, and survival in the intensive care unit: Influence of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition on acquired infection
    • Griffiths RD, Allen KD, Andrews FJ, Jones C. Infection, multiple organ failure, and survival in the intensive care unit: influence of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition on acquired infection. Nutrition. 2002 ; 18: 546-552.
    • (2002) Nutrition , vol.18 , pp. 546-552
    • Griffiths, R.D.1    Allen, K.D.2    Andrews, F.J.3    Jones, C.4
  • 41
    • 1242274643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-alanyl-L-glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition improves infectious morbidity in secondary peritonitis
    • Fuentes-Orozco C., Anaya-Prado R., Gonzalez-Ojeda A., et al. L-alanyl-L-glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition improves infectious morbidity in secondary peritonitis. Clin Nutr. 2004 ; 23: 13-21.
    • (2004) Clin Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 13-21
    • Fuentes-Orozco, C.1    Anaya-Prado, R.2    Gonzalez-Ojeda, A.3
  • 42
    • 33644599450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-alanyl-L-glutamine dipeptide-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces infectious complications and glucose intolerance in critically ill patients: The French controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study
    • Dechelotte P., Hasselmann M., Cynober L., et al. L-alanyl-L-glutamine dipeptide-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces infectious complications and glucose intolerance in critically ill patients: the French controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study. Crit Care Med. 2006 ; 34: 598-604.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 598-604
    • Dechelotte, P.1    Hasselmann, M.2    Cynober, L.3
  • 43
    • 0030904577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six-month outcome of critically ill patients given glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition
    • Griffiths RD, Jones C., Palmer TE Six-month outcome of critically ill patients given glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition. Nutrition. 1997 ; 13: 295-302.
    • (1997) Nutrition , vol.13 , pp. 295-302
    • Griffiths, R.D.1    Jones, C.2    Palmer, T.E.3
  • 44
    • 0036743765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral L-alanyl-L-glutamine improves 6-month outcome in critically ill patients
    • Goeters C., Wenn A., Mertes N., et al. Parenteral L-alanyl-L-glutamine improves 6-month outcome in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2002 ; 30: 2032-2037.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2032-2037
    • Goeters, C.1    Wenn, A.2    Mertes, N.3
  • 45
    • 0036742213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: A systematic review of the evidence
    • Novak F., Heyland DK, Avenell A., Drover JW, Su X. Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: a systematic review of the evidence. Crit Care Med. 2002 ; 30: 2022-2029.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2022-2029
    • Novak, F.1    Heyland, D.K.2    Avenell, A.3    Drover, J.W.4    Su, X.5
  • 46
    • 0028046940 scopus 로고
    • Parenteral glutamine dipeptide supplementation does not ameliorate chemotherapy-induced toxicity
    • van Zaanen HC, van der Lelie H., Timmer JG, Furst P., Sauerwein HP Parenteral glutamine dipeptide supplementation does not ameliorate chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Cancer. 1994 ; 74: 2879-2884.
    • (1994) Cancer , vol.74 , pp. 2879-2884
    • Van Zaanen, H.C.1    Van Der Lelie, H.2    Timmer, J.G.3    Furst, P.4    Sauerwein, H.P.5
  • 47
    • 0032916286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral and parenteral glutamine in bone marrow transplantation: A randomized, double-blind study
    • Schloerb PR, Skikne BS Oral and parenteral glutamine in bone marrow transplantation: a randomized, double-blind study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999 ; 23: 117-122.
    • (1999) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 117-122
    • Schloerb, P.R.1    Skikne, B.S.2
  • 48
    • 0032966191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double blind, randomised, controlled trial of glutamine supplementation in parenteral nutrition
    • Powell-Tuck J., Jamieson CP, Bettany GE, et al. A double blind, randomised, controlled trial of glutamine supplementation in parenteral nutrition. Gut. 1999 ; 45: 82-88.
    • (1999) Gut , vol.45 , pp. 82-88
    • Powell-Tuck, J.1    Jamieson, C.P.2    Bettany, G.E.3
  • 49
    • 0036957456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardized parenteral alanyl-glutamine dipeptide supplementation is not beneficial in autologous transplant patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study
    • Pytlik R., Benes P., Patorkova M., et al. Standardized parenteral alanyl-glutamine dipeptide supplementation is not beneficial in autologous transplant patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Bone Marrow Transpl. 2002 ; 30: 953-961.
    • (2002) Bone Marrow Transpl , vol.30 , pp. 953-961
    • Pytlik, R.1    Benes, P.2    Patorkova, M.3
  • 50
    • 2342512870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Parenteral glutamine supplementation does not reduce the risk of mortality or late-onset sepsis in extremely low birth weight infants
    • Poindexter BB, Ehrenkranz RA, Stoll BJ, et al. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Parenteral glutamine supplementation does not reduce the risk of mortality or late-onset sepsis in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2004 ; 113: 1209-1215.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.113 , pp. 1209-1215
    • Poindexter, B.B.1    Ehrenkranz, R.A.2    Stoll, B.J.3
  • 51
    • 27844591389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Ockenga J., Borchert K., Stuber E., et al. Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 ; 59: 1302-1309.
    • (2005) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.59 , pp. 1302-1309
    • Ockenga, J.1    Borchert, K.2    Stuber, E.3
  • 52
    • 15444368903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine supplementation of parenteral nutrition does not improve intestinal permeability, nitrogen balance, or outcome in newborns and infants undergoing digestive-tract surgery: Results from a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
    • Albers MJ, Steyerberg EW, Hazebroek FW, et al. Glutamine supplementation of parenteral nutrition does not improve intestinal permeability, nitrogen balance, or outcome in newborns and infants undergoing digestive-tract surgery: results from a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2005 ; 241: 599-606.
    • (2005) Ann Surg , vol.241 , pp. 599-606
    • Albers, M.J.1    Steyerberg, E.W.2    Hazebroek, F.W.3
  • 53
    • 32144443641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine: Do the data support the cause for glutamine supplementation in humans?
    • Alpers DH Glutamine: do the data support the cause for glutamine supplementation in humans? Gastroenterology. 2006 ; 130 (2 suppl 1). S106 - S116.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 1
    • Alpers, D.H.1
  • 54
    • 0028267785 scopus 로고
    • The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS: Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination
    • Bernard GR, Artigas A., Brigham KL, et al. The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS: definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 ; 149: 818-824.
    • (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.149 , pp. 818-824
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Artigas, A.2    Brigham, K.L.3
  • 56
    • 0036140365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APACHE 1978-2001: The development of a quality assurance system based on prognosis: Milestones and personal reflections
    • Knaus WA APACHE 1978-2001: the development of a quality assurance system based on prognosis: milestones and personal reflections. Arch Surg. 2002 ; 137: 37-41.
    • (2002) Arch Surg , vol.137 , pp. 37-41
    • Knaus, W.A.1
  • 57
    • 39049175810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to wean after tracheotomy differs among subgroups of critically ill patients: Retrospective analysis in a mixed medical/surgical intensive care unit
    • van der Lely AJ, Veelo DP, Dongelmans DA, et al. Time to wean after tracheotomy differs among subgroups of critically ill patients: retrospective analysis in a mixed medical/surgical intensive care unit. Respir Care. 2006 ; 51: 1408-1415.
    • (2006) Respir Care , vol.51 , pp. 1408-1415
    • Van Der Lely, A.J.1    Veelo, D.P.2    Dongelmans, D.A.3
  • 58
    • 0024308077 scopus 로고
    • Infusion of dipeptides as nutritional substrates for glutamine, tyrosine, and branched-chain amino acids in patients with acute pancreatitis
    • Steininger R., Karner J., Roth E., Langer K. Infusion of dipeptides as nutritional substrates for glutamine, tyrosine, and branched-chain amino acids in patients with acute pancreatitis. Metabolism. 1989 ; 38: 78-81.
    • (1989) Metabolism , vol.38 , pp. 78-81
    • Steininger, R.1    Karner, J.2    Roth, E.3    Langer, K.4
  • 59
    • 0032031166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces blood mononuclear cell interleukin-8 release in severe acute pancreatitis
    • de Beaux AC, O'Riordain MG, Ross JA, et al. Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces blood mononuclear cell interleukin-8 release in severe acute pancreatitis. Nutrition. 1998 ; 14: 261-265.
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 261-265
    • De Beaux, A.C.1    O'Riordain, M.G.2    Ross, J.A.3
  • 60
    • 0036797036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis
    • Ockenga J., Borchert K., Rifai K., Manns MP, Bischoff SC Effect of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis. Clin Nutr. 2002 ; 21: 409-416.
    • (2002) Clin Nutr , vol.21 , pp. 409-416
    • Ockenga, J.1    Borchert, K.2    Rifai, K.3    Manns, M.P.4    Bischoff, S.C.5
  • 61
    • 0036895263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, prospective trial of antioxidant supplementation in critically ill surgical patients
    • Nathens AB, Neff MJ, Jurkovich GJ, et al. Randomized, prospective trial of antioxidant supplementation in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg. 2002 ; 236: 814-822.
    • (2002) Ann Surg , vol.236 , pp. 814-822
    • Ab, N.1    Neff, M.J.2    Jurkovich, G.J.3
  • 62
    • 0036345689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • Alonso de Vega JM, Diaz J., Serrano E., Carbonell LF Oxidative stress in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2002 ; 30: 1782-1786.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1782-1786
    • Alonso De Vega, J.M.1    Diaz, J.2    Serrano, E.3    Carbonell, L.F.4
  • 63
    • 0141640780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine prevents cytokine-induced apoptosis in human colonic epithelial cells
    • Evans ME, Jones DP, Ziegler TR Glutamine prevents cytokine-induced apoptosis in human colonic epithelial cells. J Nutr. 2003 ; 133: 3065-3071.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 3065-3071
    • Evans, M.E.1    Jones, D.P.2    Ziegler, T.R.3
  • 64
  • 65
    • 23744513067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral glutamine increases serum heat shock protein-70 in critically ill patients
    • Ziegler TR, Ogden LG, Singleton KD, et al. Parenteral glutamine increases serum heat shock protein-70 in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2005 ; 31: 1079-1086.
    • (2005) Intensive Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 1079-1086
    • Ziegler, T.R.1    Ogden, L.G.2    Singleton, K.D.3
  • 66
    • 0142088505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose control and mortality in critically ill patients
    • Finney SJ, Zekveld C., Elia A., Evans TW Glucose control and mortality in critically ill patients. JAMA. 2003 ; 290: 2041-2047.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 2041-2047
    • Finney, S.J.1    Zekveld, C.2    Elia, A.3    Evans, T.W.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.