Effects of urea infusion on the uterine luminal environment of dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 87, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 2896-2901

  Rhoads, M L ^a,b   Gilbert, R O ^a   Lucy, M C ^b   Butler, W R ^a  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

Dairy cow; Reproduction; Urea; Uterus

Indexed keywords

BOS TAURUS;

EID: 4544285803     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73420-7     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Barton, B. A., H. A. Rosario, G. W. Anderson, B. P. Grindle, and D. J. Carroll. 1996. Effects of dietary crude protein, breed, parity, and health status on the fertility of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 79:2225-2236.
2. Blanchard, T., J. D. Ferguson, L. Love, T. Takeda, B. Henderson, J. Hasler, and W. Chalupa. 1990. Effect of dietary crude-protein type on fertilization and embryo quality in dairy cattle. Am. J. Vet. Res. 51:905-908.
3. Bode, M. L., R. O. Gilbert, and W. R. Butler. 2001. Effects of high plasma urea nitrogen levels on bovine embryo quality and development. J. Dairy Sci. 84(Suppl. 1):116. (Abstr.)
4. Buford, W. I., N. Ahmad, F. N. Schrick, R. L. Butcher, P. E. Lewis, and E. K. Inskeep. 1996. Embryotoxicity of a regressing corpus luteum in beef cows supplemented with progestogen. Biol. Reprod. 54:531-537.
5. Butler, W. R. 1998. Review: Effect of protein nutrition on ovarian and uterine physiology in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2533-2539.
6. Butler, W. R., J. J. Calaman, and S. W. Beam. 1996. Plasma and milk urea nitrogen in relation to pregnancy rate in dairy cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 74:858-865.
7. Canfield, R. W., C. J. Sniffen, and W. R. Butler. 1990. Effects of excess degradable protein on postpartum reproduction and energy balance in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 73:2342-2349.
8. Carroll, D. J., B. A. Barton, G. W. Anderson, and R. D. Smith. 1988. Influence of protein intake and feeding strategy on reproductive performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3470-3481.
9. Elrod, C. C., and W. R. Butler. 1993. Reduction of fertility and alteration of uterine pH in heifers fed excess ruminally degradable protein. J. Anim. Sci. 71:694-701.
10. Elrod, C. C., M. Van Amburgh, and W. R. Butler. 1993. Alterations of pH in response to increased dietary protein in cattle are unique to the uterus. J. Anim. Sci. 71:702-706.
11. Falk, R. J., and G. D. Hodgen. 1972. Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in normal human endometrium and erythrocytes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 112:1047-1051.
12. Ferguson, J. D., T. Blanchard, D. T. Galligan, D. C. Hoshall, and W. Chalupa. 1988. Infertility in dairy cattle fed a high percentage of protein degradable in the rumen. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 192:659-662.
13. Ferguson, J. D., D. T. Galligan, T. Blanchard, and M. Reeves. 1993. Serum urea nitrogen and conception rate: The usefulness of test information. J. Dairy Sci. 76:3742-3746.
14. Hodgen, G. D., and R. J. Falk. 1971. Estrogen and progesterone regulation of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in guinea pig and rabbit uterus. Endocrinology 89:859-864.
15. Howard, H. J., E. P. Aalseth, G. D. Adams, L. J. Bush, R. W. McNew, and L. J. Dawson. 1987. Influence of dietary protein on reproductive performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 70:1563-1571.
16. Jordan, E. R., T. E. Chapman, D. W. Holtan, and L. V. Swanson. 1983. Relationship of dietary crude protein to composition of uterine secretions and blood in high-producing postpartum dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 66:1854-1862.
17. Jordan, E. R., and L. V. Swanson. 1979. Serum progesterone and luteinizing hormone in dairy cattle fed varying levels of crude protein. J. Anim. Sci. 48:1154-1158.
18. Ocon, O. M., and P. J. Hansen. 2003. Disruption of bovine oocytes and preimplantation embryos by urea and acidic pH. J. Dairy Sci. 86:1194-1200.
19. Rajala-Schultz, P. J., W. J. A. Saville, G. S. Frazer, and T. E. Wittum. 2001. Association between milk urea nitrogen and fertility in Ohio dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84:482-489.
20. Rodriguez-Martinez, H., E. Ekstedt, and Y. Ridderstrale. 1991. Histochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in the female genitalia of pigs during the oestrous cycle. Acta Anat. 140:41-47.
21. Seals, R. C., J. W. Lemaster, F. M. Hopkins, and F. N. Schrick. 1998. Effects of elevated concentrations of prostaglandin F2 alpha on pregnancy rates in progestogen supplemented cattle. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 56:377-389.
22. Smith, J. F., L. J. Hagemann, A. J. Peterson, S. Beaumont, M. Berg, M. Donnison, A. Ledgard, R. M. McDonald, and G. A. Verkerk. 2000. Effect of infusion of urea or ammonia to dairy heifers on the composition of follicular fluid and uterine secretions. Page 37 in Proc. 14th Int. Congr. Anim. Reprod., Stockholm, Sweden.
23. Sonderman, J. P., and L. L. Larson. 1989. Effect of dietary protein and exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone on circulating progesterone concentrations and performance of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72:2179-2183.
24. Swenson, E. 1991. Distribution and functions of carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract. Pages 265-288 in The Carbonic Anhydrases: Cellular Physiology and Molecular Genetics. S. J. Dodgson, R. E. Tashian, G. Gros, and N. D. Carter, eds. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
25. Westwood, C. T., I. J. Lean, and R. C. Kellaway. 1998. Indications and implications for testing of milk urea in dairy cattle: A quantitative review. Part 2. Effect of dietary protein on reproductive performance. N.Z. Vet. J. 46:123-130.