Exploring skin structure using cryo-electron microscopy and tomography

European Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 279-284

  Norlen, Lars ^a,b  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Desmosomes; Epidermis; Keratin; Lipid membranes; Skin barrier; Skin ceramides; Skin lipids; Stratum corneum

Indexed keywords

CERAMIDE; GOLD; KERATIN; NANOPARTICLE; SKIN LIPID;

CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; DESMOSOME; EPIDERMIS; GAS FLOW; IMAGE ANALYSIS; LIPID MEMBRANE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PLASTIC SURGERY; REVIEW; SKIN STRUCTURE; STRATUM CORNEUM; TOMOGRAPHY;

CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; CRYOULTRAMICROTOMY; DESMOSOMES; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; HUMANS; IMAGING, THREE-DIMENSIONAL; INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS; KERATINS; SKIN; TOMOGRAPHY;

EID: 44949147144     PISSN: 11671122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2008.0387     Document Type: Review

References (21)

1. Norlén L, Al-Amoudi A. Dubochet J. A cryo-transmission electron microscopy study of skin barrier formation. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 120: 555-60.
2. Norlén L, Al-Amoudi A. Stratum corneum keratin structure, function, and formation: the cubic rod-packing and membrane templating model. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 123(4): 715-32.
3. Al-Amoudi A, Dubochet J, Norlén L. Nanostructure of the epidermal extracellular space as observed by cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections of human skin. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124: 764-77.
4. Masich S, Östberg T, Norlén L, Shupliakov O, Daneholt B. A procedure to deposit fiducial markers on vitreous cryo-sections for cellular tomography. J Struct Biol 2006; 156: 461-8.
5. Norlén L, Masich S, Goldie KN, Hoenger A. Structural analysis of vimentin and keratin intermediate filaments by cryo-electron tomography. Exp Cell Res 2007; 313: 2217-27.
6. Dubochet J, Adrian M, Chang J-J, Homo J-C, Lepault J, McDowall AW, Schultz P. Cryo electron microscopy of vitrified specimens. Q Rev Biophys 1988; 21(2): 129-228.
7. Al-Amoudi A, Studer S, Dubochet J. Cutting artifacts and cutting process in vitreous sections for cryo-electron microscopy. J Struct Biol 2005; 150: 109-21.
8. Hsieh C, Marko M, Frank J, Manella CA. Electron tomographic analysis of frozen-hydrated tissue sections. J Struct Biol 2002; 138: 63-73.
9. Klug A. Image analysis and reconstruction in the electron microscopy of biological macromolecules. Chem Scr 1979; 14: 245-56.
10. Radermacher M. Weighted back-projection methods. In: Frank J, ed. Electron tomography - three-dimensional imaging with the transmission electron microscope. Plenum Press, NY, 1992; (Ch 5).
11. Lawrence MC. Least-square method of alignment using markers. In: Frank J, ed. Electron tomography - three-dimensional imaging with the transmission electron microscope. Plenum Press, NY, 1992; (Ch 8).
12. Carazo JM. The fidelity of 3D reconstructions from incomplete data and the use of restoration methods. In: Frank J, ed. Electron tomography - three-dimensional imaging with the transmission electron microscope. Plenum Press, NY, 1992; (Ch 6).
13. Skogluna U, Öfverstedt L-G, Burnett R, Bricogne G. Maximum entropy three-dimensional reconstruction with deconvolution of the contrast transfer function: a test application with adenovirus. J Struct Biol 1996; 117: 173-88.
14. Osteberg T, Masich S, Norlén L, Daneholt B. Tomographic analysis of epidermal desmosomes using vitreous cryo-sections. In: Marks R, Matts P, Lévêque J-L, eds. Stratum corneum. Stratum Corneum Group, Cardiff. 2007.
15. Nosek D, Masich S, Norlén L. Tomographic analysis of epidermal keratin filaments using vitreous cryo-sections. In: Marks R, Matts P, Lévêque J-L, eds. Stratum corneum. Stratum Corneum Group, Cardiff. 2007.
16. He W, Cowin P, Stokes DL. Untangling desmosomal knots with electron tomography. Science 2003; 302: 109-13.
17. Winkler H, Taylor KA. Accurate marker-free alignment with simultaneous geometry determination and reconstruction of tilt series in electron tomography. Ultramicroscopy 2006; 106: 24054.
18. Hsieh C, Leith A, Mannella CA, Frank J, Marko M. Towards high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of native mammalian tissue: Electron tomography of frozen-hydrated rat liver sections. J Struct Biol 2006; 153: 1-13.
19. Mastronarde DN. Dual-axis tomography: an approach with alignment methods that preserve resolution. J Struct Biol 1997; 120: 343-52.
20. Schwarz T. Dermatology and basic science. Eur J Dermatol 2007; 17: 182-4.
21. McKee PH. Pathology of the skin with clinical correlations. London: Harper and Row, Gower Medical Publishing, 1990; (15).