메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 121, Issue 5, 2008, Pages

Economic evaluation of the US environmental protection agency's sunwise program: Sun protection education for young children

Author keywords

Cost effectiveness; Cost benefit analysis; Environmental health; Prevention; School health; Schools; Skin cancer

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BASAL CELL CARCINOMA; CANCER MORTALITY; CHILD; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC EVALUATION; FEMALE; FUNDING; HEALTH; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; MALE; MELANOMA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRODUCTIVITY; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; SCHOOL CHILD; SKIN CANCER; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; STUDENT; SUNLIGHT PROTECTION; SUNWISE SCHOOL PROGRAM; ECONOMICS; EDUCATION; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; RADIATION INJURY; SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICE; SKIN TUMOR; SUNLIGHT; UNITED STATES;

EID: 44449153697     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 10984275     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2007-1400     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 84874759020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed March 10, 2008
    • National Cancer Institute. Common cancer types. Available at: www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/commoncancers. Accessed March 10, 2008
    • Common cancer types
  • 2
    • 0037418002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Components of the Rb pathway are critical targets of UV mutagenesis in a murine melanoma model
    • Kannan K, Sharpless NE, Xu J, O'Hagan R, Bosenberg M, Chin L. Components of the Rb pathway are critical targets of UV mutagenesis in a murine melanoma model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100(3):1221-1225
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , Issue.3 , pp. 1221-1225
    • Kannan, K.1    Sharpless, N.E.2    Xu, J.3    O'Hagan, R.4    Bosenberg, M.5    Chin, L.6
  • 3
    • 45349096041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed March 7, 2008
    • American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2008. Available at: www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/2008 CAFFfinal secured.pdf. Accessed March 7, 2008
    • (2008) Cancer facts and figures
  • 4
    • 0003459739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland: International Agency for Research on Cancer;
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organisation. Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation. Vol 55. Geneva, Switzerland: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2002
    • (2002) Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation , vol.55
  • 5
    • 0035921950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal sunburn and melanoma in mice
    • Noonan FP, Recio JA, Takayam H, et al. Neonatal sunburn and melanoma in mice. Nature. 2001;413(6853):271-272
    • (2001) Nature , vol.413 , Issue.6853 , pp. 271-272
    • Noonan, F.P.1    Recio, J.A.2    Takayam, H.3
  • 6
    • 0035144754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood sun exposure as a risk factor for melanoma: A systematic review of epidemiologic studies
    • Whiteman DC, Whiteman CA, Green AC. Childhood sun exposure as a risk factor for melanoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies. Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(1):69-82
    • (2001) Cancer Causes Control , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-82
    • Whiteman, D.C.1    Whiteman, C.A.2    Green, A.C.3
  • 7
    • 0027986940 scopus 로고
    • Wronskil. Sun exposure and melanocytic naevi in young children in Townsville, Queensland
    • Harrison SL, MacLennanR, Speare R, Wronskil. Sun exposure and melanocytic naevi in young children in Townsville, Queensland. Lancet. 1994;344(8936):1529-1532
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , Issue.8936 , pp. 1529-1532
    • Harrison, S.L.1    MacLennan, R.2    Speare, R.3
  • 8
    • 0026710141 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous melanoma and sunburns in childhood in a Southern European population
    • Zanetti R, Franceschi S, Rosso S, Colonna S, Bidoli E. Cutaneous melanoma and sunburns in childhood in a Southern European population. Eur J Cancer. 1992;28A(6-7):1172-1176
    • (1992) Eur J Cancer , vol.28 A , Issue.6-7 , pp. 1172-1176
    • Zanetti, R.1    Franceschi, S.2    Rosso, S.3    Colonna, S.4    Bidoli, E.5
  • 10
    • 0033145608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with skin cancer prevention practices in a multiethnic population
    • Glanz K, Lew RA, Song V, Cook VA. Factors associated with skin cancer prevention practices in a multiethnic population. Health EducBehav. 1999;26(3):344-359
    • (1999) Health EducBehav , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 344-359
    • Glanz, K.1    Lew, R.A.2    Song, V.3    Cook, V.A.4
  • 11
    • 22244471656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing ultraviolet radiation exposure to prevent skin cancer methodology and measurement
    • Glanz K, Mayer JA. Reducing ultraviolet radiation exposure to prevent skin cancer methodology and measurement. Am J Prev Med. 2005;29(2):131-142
    • (2005) Am J Prev Med , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-142
    • Glanz, K.1    Mayer, J.A.2
  • 12
    • 39749153457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Washington, DC: Education Department, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics;, Publication NCES 2006-030
    • US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Digest of Education Statistics, 2005. Washington, DC: Education Department, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics; 2006. Publication NCES 2006-030
    • (2006) Digest of Education Statistics, 2005
  • 13
    • 3042572746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can an hour or two of sun protection keep the sunburn away? Evaluation of the Environmental Protection Agency's SunWise School Program
    • Geller AC, Rutsch L, Kenausis K, Selzer P, Zhang Z. Can an hour or two of sun protection keep the sunburn away? Evaluation of the Environmental Protection Agency's SunWise School Program. Environ Health. 2003;2(1):1-9
    • (2003) Environ Health , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Geller, A.C.1    Rutsch, L.2    Kenausis, K.3    Selzer, P.4    Zhang, Z.5
  • 15
    • 0036587413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Environmental Protection Agency's National SunWise School Program: 1999-2000
    • Geller AC, Cantor M, Kenausis K, et al. The Environmental Protection Agency's National SunWise School Program: 1999-2000. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;46(5):683-689
    • (2002) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 683-689
    • Geller, A.C.1    Cantor, M.2    Kenausis, K.3
  • 16
    • 63749105627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC: Office of the Administrator, US Environmental Protection Agency;, Report 240-R-00-003
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. EPA Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses. Washington, DC: Office of the Administrator, US Environmental Protection Agency; 2001. Report 240-R-00-003
    • (2001) EPA Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses
  • 18
    • 63749102062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geller AC. The Environmental Protection Agency's SunWise Program (1999-2005) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the UICC World Cancer Congress 2006. Bologna, Italy: Medimond; 2006
    • Geller AC. The Environmental Protection Agency's SunWise Program (1999-2005) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the UICC World Cancer Congress 2006. Bologna, Italy: Medimond; 2006
  • 19
    • 13844268831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Washington, DC: Education Department, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics;, Publication NCES 2003-060
    • US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Digest ofEducation Statistics, 2002. Washington, DC: Education Department, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics; 2003. Publication NCES 2003-060
    • (2003) Digest ofEducation Statistics, 2002
  • 20
    • 63749100688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SunWise school education in the United States
    • Presented at: March 9, Washington, DC
    • Geller AC. SunWise school education in the United States. Presented at: UV Alert Stakeholders Meeting; March 9, 2006; Washington, DC
    • (2006) UV Alert Stakeholders Meeting
    • Geller, A.C.1
  • 21
    • 0002039355 scopus 로고
    • The atmosphere and UV-B radiation at ground level
    • Young AR, Bjorn LO, Moan J, Nultsch W, eds, New York, NY: Plenum Press;
    • Madronich S. The atmosphere and UV-B radiation at ground level. In: Young AR, Bjorn LO, Moan J, Nultsch W, eds. Environmental UV Photobiology. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1993: 1-39
    • (1993) Environmental UV Photobiology , pp. 1-39
    • Madronich, S.1
  • 23
    • 0027358755 scopus 로고
    • Skin cancer and UV radiation
    • Madronich S, de Gruijl FR. Skin cancer and UV radiation. Nature. 1993;366(6450):23
    • (1993) Nature , vol.366 , Issue.6450 , pp. 23
    • Madronich, S.1    de Gruijl, F.R.2
  • 26
    • 17144471826 scopus 로고
    • Actinometer and Eppley radiometer measurements of the NO2 photolysis rate coefficient during MLOPEX
    • Shetter RE, McDaniel AH, Cantrell CA, Madronich S, Calvert JG. Actinometer and Eppley radiometer measurements of the NO2 photolysis rate coefficient during MLOPEX. J Geophys Res. 1992;97(D10):10349-10359
    • (1992) J Geophys Res , vol.97 , Issue.D10 , pp. 10349-10359
    • Shetter, R.E.1    McDaniel, A.H.2    Cantrell, C.A.3    Madronich, S.4    Calvert, J.G.5
  • 27
    • 0002482907 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of UV-B radiation in two freshwater lakes: An instrument inter- comparison
    • Kirk JT, Hargreaves BR, Morris DP, et al. Measurements of UV-B radiation in two freshwater lakes: an instrument inter- comparison. Arch Hydrobiol. 1994;43:71-99
    • (1994) Arch Hydrobiol , vol.43 , pp. 71-99
    • Kirk, J.T.1    Hargreaves, B.R.2    Morris, D.P.3
  • 28
    • 0030430837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical, actinometric, and radiometric determinations of the photolysis rate coefficient of NO2 during MLOPEX II
    • Lantz KO, Shetter RE, Cantrell CA, Flocke SJ, Calvert JG, Madronich S. Theoretical, actinometric, and radiometric determinations of the photolysis rate coefficient of NO2 during MLOPEX II. J Geophys Res. 1996;101(D9):14613- 14630
    • (1996) J Geophys Res , vol.101 , Issue.D9 , pp. 14613-14630
    • Lantz, K.O.1    Shetter, R.E.2    Cantrell, C.A.3    Flocke, S.J.4    Calvert, J.G.5    Madronich, S.6
  • 29
    • 0003616481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct-sun column ozone retrieval by the ultraviolet multi-filter rotating shadow-band radiometer and comparison with those from Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers
    • Gao W, Slusser JR, Gibson JH, et al. Direct-sun column ozone retrieval by the ultraviolet multi-filter rotating shadow-band radiometer and comparison with those from Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers. Appl Opt. 2001;40(19):3149-3155
    • (2001) Appl Opt , vol.40 , Issue.19 , pp. 3149-3155
    • Gao, W.1    Slusser, J.R.2    Gibson, J.H.3
  • 30
    • 0003594276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project;, Report 20
    • World Meteorological Organization. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1989. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project; 1990. Report 20
    • (1990) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1989
  • 31
    • 0003594273 scopus 로고
    • World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project;, Report 25
    • World Meteorological Organization. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1991. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project; 1992. Report 25
    • (1992) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1991
  • 32
    • 0003594271 scopus 로고
    • World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project;, Report 37
    • World Meteorological Organization. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1994. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project; 1995. Report 37
    • (1995) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1994
  • 33
    • 0003594276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project;, Report 44
    • World Meteorological Organization. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project; 1999. Report 44
    • (1999) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998
  • 34
    • 63749123122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1989
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1989
  • 35
    • 63749097558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1991
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1991
  • 36
    • 63749122602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1994
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1994
  • 37
    • 63749095569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1998
    • United Nations Environment Programme. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environmental Programme; 1998
  • 38
    • 0035790070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV doses of American children and adolescents
    • Godar DE. UV doses of American children and adolescents. Photochem Photobiol. 2001;74(6):787-793
    • (2001) Photochem Photobiol , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 787-793
    • Godar, D.E.1
  • 39
    • 28444448439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Garments as solar ultraviolet radiation screening materials
    • Hatch KL, Osterwalder U. Garments as solar ultraviolet radiation screening materials. Dermatol Clin. 2006;24(1):85-100
    • (2006) Dermatol Clin , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-100
    • Hatch, K.L.1    Osterwalder, U.2
  • 40
    • 2942595912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against ultraviolet radiation by commercial summer clothing: Need for standardized testing and labelling
    • Gambichler T, Rotterdam S, Altmeyer P, Hoffmann K. Protection against ultraviolet radiation by commercial summer clothing: need for standardized testing and labelling. BMC Dermatol. 2001;1:6
    • (2001) BMC Dermatol , vol.1 , pp. 6
    • Gambichler, T.1    Rotterdam, S.2    Altmeyer, P.3    Hoffmann, K.4
  • 41
    • 0033964591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV transmission of summer clothing in Switzerland and Germany
    • Dummer R, Osterwalder U. UV transmission of summer clothing in Switzerland and Germany. Dermatology. 2000;200(1): 81-82
    • (2000) Dermatology , vol.200 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-82
    • Dummer, R.1    Osterwalder, U.2
  • 42
    • 33745857674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of the UVR protection provided by hats used at school
    • Gies P, Javorniczyk J, Ray C, Henderson S. Measurements of the UVR protection provided by hats used at school. Photochem Photobiol. 2006;82(3):750-754
    • (2006) Photochem Photobiol , vol.82 , Issue.3 , pp. 750-754
    • Gies, P.1    Javorniczyk, J.2    Ray, C.3    Henderson, S.4
  • 43
    • 0029808682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual reduction of solar UV exposure to the facial area of outdoor workers in Southeast Queensland by wearing a hat
    • Wong JC, Airey DK, Fleming RA. Annual reduction of solar UV exposure to the facial area of outdoor workers in Southeast Queensland by wearing a hat. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1996;12(3):131-135
    • (1996) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 131-135
    • Wong, J.C.1    Airey, D.K.2    Fleming, R.A.3
  • 44
    • 0026647555 scopus 로고
    • Sun protection with hats
    • Diffey BL, Cheeseman J. Sun protection with hats. Br J Dermatol. 1992;127(1):10-12
    • (1992) Br J Dermatol , vol.127 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-12
    • Diffey, B.L.1    Cheeseman, J.2
  • 45
    • 0036792797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application patterns among participants randomized to daily sunscreen use in a skin cancer prevention trial
    • Neale R, Williams G, Green A. Application patterns among participants randomized to daily sunscreen use in a skin cancer prevention trial. Arch Dermatol. 2002;138(10):1319-1325
    • (2002) Arch Dermatol , vol.138 , Issue.10 , pp. 1319-1325
    • Neale, R.1    Williams, G.2    Green, A.3
  • 46
    • 0035113904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Organization For Research and Treatment of Cancer Melanoma Co-Operative Group. Quantity of sunscreen used by European students
    • Autier P, Boniol M, Severi G, Doree JF; European Organization For Research and Treatment of Cancer Melanoma Co-Operative Group. Quantity of sunscreen used by European students. Br J Dermatol. 2001;144(2):288-291
    • (2001) Br J Dermatol , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 288-291
    • Autier, P.1    Boniol, M.2    Severi, G.3    Doree, J.F.4
  • 47
    • 0033025360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunscreen application by photosensitive patients is inadequate for protection
    • Azurdia RM, Pagliaro JA, Diffey BL, Rhodes LE. Sunscreen application by photosensitive patients is inadequate for protection. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(2):255-258
    • (1999) Br J Dermatol , vol.140 , Issue.2 , pp. 255-258
    • Azurdia, R.M.1    Pagliaro, J.A.2    Diffey, B.L.3    Rhodes, L.E.4
  • 48
    • 0031437958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunscreens used at the beach do not protect against erythema: A new definition of SPF is proposed
    • Wulf HC, StenderIM, Lock-Andersen J. Sunscreens used at the beach do not protect against erythema: a new definition of SPF is proposed. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1997;13(4): 129-132
    • (1997) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 129-132
    • Wulf, H.C.1    StenderIM2    Lock-Andersen, J.3
  • 49
    • 0026958440 scopus 로고
    • Sunbather's application of sunscreen is probably inadequate to obtain the sun protection factor assigned to the preparation
    • Bech-Thomsen N, Wulf HC. Sunbather's application of sunscreen is probably inadequate to obtain the sun protection factor assigned to the preparation. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1993;9(6):242-244
    • (1993) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 242-244
    • Bech-Thomsen, N.1    Wulf, H.C.2
  • 50
    • 33947434554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between sun protection factor and amount of sunscreen applied in vivo
    • Faurschou A, Wulf HC. The relation between sun protection factor and amount of sunscreen applied in vivo. Br J Dermatol. 2007;156(4):716-719
    • (2007) Br J Dermatol , vol.156 , Issue.4 , pp. 716-719
    • Faurschou, A.1    Wulf, H.C.2
  • 52
    • 84869263218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human health benefits of stratospheric ozone protection
    • Available at:, Accessed September 13
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Human health benefits of stratospheric ozone protection: peer reviewed report-final report; 2006. Available at: www.epa.gov/ozone/scirence/AHEFDEC2003D3.pdf. Accessed September 13, 2007
    • (2007) peer reviewed report-final report , pp. 2006
  • 53
    • 84869279396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human health effects of ozone depletion from stratospheric aircraft
    • Available at:, Accessed September 13, 2007
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Human health effects of ozone depletion from stratospheric aircraft: final report 2001. Available at: http://gltrs.grc.nasa.gov/reports/2001/CR-2001-211160.pdf. Accessed September 13, 2007
    • final report 2001
  • 54
    • 63749124742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chen J, Housman T, Williford P, Teuschler H. Estimating cost of treatment episode of nonmelanoma skin cancer in elderly [abstract]. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(suppl):3, P147
    • Chen J, Housman T, Williford P, Teuschler H. Estimating cost of treatment episode of nonmelanoma skin cancer in elderly [abstract]. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(suppl):3, P147
  • 55
    • 0004038759 scopus 로고
    • Regulatory Impact Analysis: Protection of Stratospheric Ozone, E
    • US Environmental Protection Agency, Final Report. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency;
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Regulatory Impact Analysis: Protection of Stratospheric Ozone, E. Final Report. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency; 1988
    • (1988)
  • 56
    • 0003943376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, national OES estimates. Available at:, Accessed September 13, 2007
    • US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor. Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey: 1999 national OES estimates. Available at: www.bls.gov/oes. Accessed September 13, 2007
    • (1999) Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey
  • 57
    • 33744972584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States life tables, 2003
    • Arias E. United States life tables, 2003. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2006;54(14):1-40
    • (2006) Natl Vital Stat Rep , vol.54 , Issue.14 , pp. 1-40
    • Arias, E.1
  • 58
    • 33745905025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preference-based EQ-5D index scores for chronic conditions in the United States
    • Sullivan PW, Ghushchyan V. Preference-based EQ-5D index scores for chronic conditions in the United States. Med Decis Making. 2006;26(4):410-420
    • (2006) Med Decis Making , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 410-420
    • Sullivan, P.W.1    Ghushchyan, V.2
  • 60
    • 31344470702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of the kidskin sun protection intervention on summer suntan and reported sun exposure: Was it sustained?
    • Milne E, Jacoby P, Giles-Corti B, Cross D, Johnston R, English DR. The impact of the kidskin sun protection intervention on summer suntan and reported sun exposure: was it sustained? PrevMed. 2006;42(1):14-20
    • (2006) PrevMed , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-20
    • Milne, E.1    Jacoby, P.2    Giles-Corti, B.3    Cross, D.4    Johnston, R.5    English, D.R.6
  • 61
    • 30544451179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the Sunny Days, Healthy Ways curriculum on students in grades 6 to 8
    • Buller DB, Reynolds KD, Yaroch A, et al. Effects of the Sunny Days, Healthy Ways curriculum on students in grades 6 to 8. Am J PrevMed. 2006;30(1):13-22
    • (2006) Am J PrevMed , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-22
    • Buller, D.B.1    Reynolds, K.D.2    Yaroch, A.3
  • 62
    • 7044253374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin cancer prevention: Children's health education on protection from sun exposure and assessment of its efficiency
    • Stankeviciute V, Zaborskis A, Petrauskiene A, Valiukeviciene S. Skin cancer prevention: children's health education on protection from sun exposure and assessment of its efficiency. Medicina (Kaunas). 2004;40(4):386-393
    • (2004) Medicina (Kaunas) , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 386-393
    • Stankeviciute, V.1    Zaborskis, A.2    Petrauskiene, A.3    Valiukeviciene, S.4
  • 63
    • 0034897802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced sun exposure and tanning in children after 2 years of a school-based intervention (Australia)
    • Milne E, English DR, Johnston R, et al. Reduced sun exposure and tanning in children after 2 years of a school-based intervention (Australia). Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(5):387-393
    • (2001) Cancer Causes Control , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 387-393
    • Milne, E.1    English, D.R.2    Johnston, R.3
  • 64
    • 0034793626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of "Sun-safe": A health education resource for primary schools
    • Hewitt M, Denman S, Hayes L, Pearson J, Wallbanks C. Evaluation of "Sun-safe": a health education resource for primary schools. Health Educ Res. 2001;16(5):623-633
    • (2001) Health Educ Res , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 623-633
    • Hewitt, M.1    Denman, S.2    Hayes, L.3    Pearson, J.4    Wallbanks, C.5
  • 65
    • 0033694176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved sun protection behaviour in children after two years of the Kidskin intervention
    • Milne E, English DR, Johnston R, et al. Improved sun protection behaviour in children after two years of the Kidskin intervention. AustNZJ Public Health. 2000;24(5):481-487
    • (2000) AustNZJ Public Health , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 481-487
    • Milne, E.1    English, D.R.2    Johnston, R.3
  • 66
    • 0033141799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a three-year school-based intervention to increase adolescent sun protection
    • Lowe JB, Balanda KP, Stanton WR, Gillespie A. Evaluation of a three-year school-based intervention to increase adolescent sun protection. Health EducBehav. 1999;26(3):396-408
    • (1999) Health EducBehav , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 396-408
    • Lowe, J.B.1    Balanda, K.P.2    Stanton, W.R.3    Gillespie, A.4
  • 67
    • 33846896240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SunSafe in the middle school years: A community-wide intervention to change early-adolescent sun protection
    • Available at
    • Olson AL, Gaffney C, Starr P, Gibson JJ, Cole BF, Dietrich AI. SunSafe in the middle school years: a community-wide intervention to change early-adolescent sun protection. Pediatrics. 2007;119(1). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/119/1/e247
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , Issue.1
    • Olson, A.L.1    Gaffney, C.2    Starr, P.3    Gibson, J.J.4    Cole, B.F.5    Dietrich, A.I.6
  • 68
    • 0033028420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Could a national skin cancer primary prevention campaign in Australia be worthwhile? An economic perspective
    • Carter R, Marks R, Hill D. Could a national skin cancer primary prevention campaign in Australia be worthwhile? An economic perspective. Health Promot Int. 1999;14(1):73-83
    • (1999) Health Promot Int , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-83
    • Carter, R.1    Marks, R.2    Hill, D.3
  • 69
    • 0033803086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic evaluation of safer choices: A school-based human immunodeficiency virus, other sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy prevention program
    • Wang LY, Davis M, Robin L, Collins J, Coyle K, Baumler E. Economic evaluation of safer choices: a school-based human immunodeficiency virus, other sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy prevention program. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154(10):1017-1024
    • (2000) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.154 , Issue.10 , pp. 1017-1024
    • Wang, L.Y.1    Davis, M.2    Robin, L.3    Collins, J.4    Coyle, K.5    Baumler, E.6
  • 70
    • 1542440931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic analysis of a school-based obesity prevention program
    • Wang LY, Yang Q, Lowry R, Wechsler H. Economic analysis of a school-based obesity prevention program. Obes Res. 2003; 11(11):1313-1324
    • (2003) Obes Res , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 1313-1324
    • Wang, L.Y.1    Yang, Q.2    Lowry, R.3    Wechsler, H.4
  • 71
    • 1642578887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sun-safe practices in U.S. youth and their parents: Role of caregiver on youth sunscreen use
    • Cokkinides VE, Weinstock MA, Cardinez CJ, O'Connel MA. Sun-safe practices in U.S. youth and their parents: role of caregiver on youth sunscreen use. Am J Prev Med. 2004;26(2): 147-151
    • (2004) Am J Prev Med , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-151
    • Cokkinides, V.E.1    Weinstock, M.A.2    Cardinez, C.J.3    O'Connel, M.A.4
  • 73
    • 0035560966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection from sun exposure in US white children ages 6 months to 11 years
    • Hall HI, Jorgensen CM, McDavid K, Kraft JM, Breslow R. Protection from sun exposure in US white children ages 6 months to 11 years. Public Health Rep. 2001;116(4):353-361
    • (2001) Public Health Rep , vol.116 , Issue.4 , pp. 353-361
    • Hall, H.I.1    Jorgensen, C.M.2    McDavid, K.3    Kraft, J.M.4    Breslow, R.5
  • 74
    • 0030011256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of habitual sun exposure in adolescents via questionnaire: A comparison with objective measurement using polysulphone badges
    • Dwyer T, Blizzard L, Gies PH, Ashbolt R, Roy C. Assessment of habitual sun exposure in adolescents via questionnaire: a comparison with objective measurement using polysulphone badges. Melanoma Res. 1996;6(3):231
    • (1996) Melanoma Res , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 231
    • Dwyer, T.1    Blizzard, L.2    Gies, P.H.3    Ashbolt, R.4    Roy, C.5
  • 75
    • 0242574280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice with genetically determined high susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV)-induced immunosuppression show enhanced UV carcinogenesis
    • Noonan FP, Muller HK, Fears TR, Kusewitt DF, Johnson TM, De Fabo EC. Mice with genetically determined high susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV)-induced immunosuppression show enhanced UV carcinogenesis. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;121(5): 1175-1181
    • (2003) J Invest Dermatol , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Noonan, F.P.1    Muller, H.K.2    Fears, T.R.3    Kusewitt, D.F.4    Johnson, T.M.5    De Fabo, E.C.6
  • 77
    • 0031990485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urocanic acid does not photobind to DNA in mice irradiated with immunosuppressive doses of UVB
    • IJland SA, Noonan FP, Ceryak S, et al. Urocanic acid does not photobind to DNA in mice irradiated with immunosuppressive doses of UVB. Photochem Photobiol. 1998;67(2):222-226
    • (1998) Photochem Photobiol , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 222-226
    • IJland, S.A.1    Noonan, F.P.2    Ceryak, S.3
  • 78
    • 0026650941 scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppression by ultraviolet B radiation: Initiation by urocanic acid
    • Noonan FP, De Fabo EC. Immunosuppression by ultraviolet B radiation: initiation by urocanic acid. Immunol Today. 1992; 13(7):250 -254
    • (1992) Immunol Today , vol.13 , Issue.7 , pp. 250-254
    • Noonan, F.P.1    De Fabo, E.C.2
  • 79
    • 0025501592 scopus 로고
    • Biologically effective doses of sunlight for immune suppression at various latitudes and their relationship to changes in stratospheric ozone
    • De Fabo EC, Noonan FP, Frederick JE. Biologically effective doses of sunlight for immune suppression at various latitudes and their relationship to changes in stratospheric ozone. Photochem Photobiol. 1990;52(4):811-817
    • (1990) Photochem Photobiol , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 811-817
    • De Fabo, E.C.1    Noonan, F.P.2    Frederick, J.E.3
  • 80
    • 0020583337 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of immune suppression by ultraviolet irradiation in vivo: I- evidence for the existence of a unique photoreceptor in skin and its role in photoimmunology
    • De Fabo EC, Noonan FP. Mechanism of immune suppression by ultraviolet irradiation in vivo: I- evidence for the existence of a unique photoreceptor in skin and its role in photoimmunology. J Exp Med. 1983;158(1):84-98
    • (1983) J Exp Med , vol.158 , Issue.1 , pp. 84-98
    • De Fabo, E.C.1    Noonan, F.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.