Motor impairments in young children with cerebral palsy: Relationship to gross motor function and everyday activities

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

Volumn 46, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 580-589

  Øtensjø, Sigrid ^a   Carlberg, Eva Brogren ^b   Vøllestad, Nina K ^c  

^a OSLO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (Norway)

^b KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DISABILITY; DYSKINESIA; FEMALE; HEMIPLEGIA; HUMAN; JOINT FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEASUREMENT; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MOTOR CONTROL; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUADRIPLEGIA; RATING SCALE; SPASTICITY; TASK PERFORMANCE;

CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; JOINT DISEASES; MALE; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MOTOR SKILLS DISORDERS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 4444373760     PISSN: 00121622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0012162204000994     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Ade-Hall RA, Moore AP. (2004) Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in cerebral palsy (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library Issue 1. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
2. Ashworth B. (1964) Preliminary trial of carsiprodal in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 192: 540-542.
3. Bartlett DJ, Palisano RJ. (2002) Physical therapists' perception of factors influencing the acquisition of motor abilities of children with cerebral palsy: implications for clinical reasoning. Phys Ther 82: 237-249.
4. Bjorbækmo W. (2002) Kartlegging: et spørsmål om perspektiv og projeksjon [Assessment: a question of perspectives and projection]. (Masters Thesis). University of Oslo: Faculty of Medicine. (In Norwegian)
5. Bohannon RW, Schmidt MB. (1987) Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth Scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther 67: 206-207.
6. Boone DC, Azen SP. (1979) Normal range of motion in male subjects. J Bone Joint Surgery Am 61: 756-759.
7. Booth CM. Cortina-Borja MJ, Theologis TN. (2001) Collagen accumulation in muscles of children with cerebral palsy and the correlation with severity of spasticity. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 314-320.
8. Boyd RN, Graham HK. (1999) Objective measures of clinical findings in the use of botulinum toxin type A for the management of children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Neurol 6 (Suppl. 4): 523-535.
9. Boyd RN, Hays RM. (2001) Current evidences for the use of botulinum toxin type A in the management of children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Neurol 8 (Suppl. 5): 1-20.
10. Brogren E, Forssberg H, Hadders-Algra M. (2001) Influence of two sitting positions on postural adjustments in children with spastic diplegia. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 534-546.
11. Brouwer B, Ashby P. (1991) Altered corticospinal projections to lower limb motoneurons in subjects with cerebral palsy. Brain 114: 1395-1407.
12. Brouwer B, Smits E. (1996) Corticospinal input onto motor neurons projecting to ankle muscles in individual with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 38: 787-796.
13. Butler C, Campbell S. (2000) Evidence of the effects of intrathecal baclofen for spastic and dystonic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 42: 634-645.
14. Chotza A, Holmgren V. (1999) Passivt rörelsesomfång i nedre extremiteten hos friska barn i åldrarna tre til tolv å r In: Hedberg Å, editor. Kvalitetssäkring i samband med CP kirurgi. FOU 99-06. Omsorgsversamheten i Stockhols landsting. (In Swedish)
15. Crenna P, Iverno M. (1994) Objective detection of pathophysiological factors contributing to gait disturbances in supraspinal lesions. In: Ferdizzi E, Avanzini G, editors. Motor Development in Children. John Libbey & Company. p 103-118.
16. Damiano DL, Quinlivan JM, Owen BF, Payne P, Nelson KC, Abel MF. (2002a) What does the Ashworth scale really measure and are instrumented measures more valid and precise? Dev Med Child Neurol 44:112-118.
17. Damiano DL, Dodd K, Taylor NF. (2002b) Should we be testing and training muscle strength in cerebral palsy? Dev Med Child Neurol 44: 68-72.
18. Damiano DL, Quinlivan BF, Owen M, Shaffrey M, Abel F. (2001) Spasticity versus strength in cerebral palsy: relationships among involuntary resistance, voluntary torque, and motor function. Eur J Neurol 8 (Suppl. 5): 40-49.
19. Delp SL. (2003) What causes increased muscle stiffness in cerebral palsy? Muscle Nerve 27: 131-132.
20. Eliasson AC, Gordon AM, Forssberg H. (1995) Tactile control of isometric fingertip forces during grasping in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 37: 72-84.
21. Elder GC, Kirk J, Stewart G, Cook K, Weir D, Marshall A, Leahey L. (2003) Contributing factors to muscle weakness in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 45: 542-550.
22. Engsberg JR, Olree KS, Ross SA, Park TS. (2000) Ankle spasticity and strength in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 42: 42-47.
23. Farmer SE, James M. (2001) Contractures in orthopaedic and neurological conditions: a review of causes and treatment. Disabil Rehabil 13: 549-558.
24. Feldman AB, Haley SM, Coryell J. (1990) Concurrent and construct validity of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory. Phys Ther 70: 602-610.
25. Forssberg H. (1999) Neural control of human motor development. Curr Opin Neurobiol 9: 676-682.
26. Fosang AL, Galea MP, McCoy AT, Reddihough DS, Story I. (2003) Measures of muscle and joint performance in the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 45: 664-670.
27. Fridén J, Lieber RL. (2003) Spastic muscle cells are shorter and stiffer than normal cells. Muscle Nerve 26: 157-164.
28. Gordon AM, Duff SV. (1999) Relation between clinical measures and fine manipulative control in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 41: 586-591.
29. Graham HK, Selber P. (2003) Musculoskeletal aspect of cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85: 157-166.
30. Gormley ME. (2001) Treatment of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal problems in cerebral palsy. Ped Rehabil 4: 5-16.
31. Hadders-Algra M, van der Fits IB, Stremmelaar EF, Touwen BC. (1999) Development of postural adjustments during reaching in infants with CP. Dev Med Child Neurol 41: 766-776.
32. Hagberg B, Hagberg G. (1993) The origins of cerebral palsy. In: David TJ, editor. Recent Advances in Paediatrics XI. London: Churchill Livingstone. p 67-83.
33. Haley SM, Coster WJ, Faas RM. (1991) A content validity study of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory. Ped Phys Ther 3: 177-84.
34. Haley SM, Coster WJ, Ludlow LH, Haltiwanger JT, Andrellos PJ. (1992) Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Development, Standardization and Administration Manual. Boston: PEDI Research Group, New England Medical Center Hospitals.
35. Harris SR, Smith LH, Krukowski L. (1985) Goniometric reliability for a child with spastic quadriplegia. J Ped Orthop 5: 348-351.
36. Hedberg Å, Brogren E, Ahl LE, Eek MN, Ohlmarks N, Swanberg K, Thews K. (1999) Rekommendationer för bedömning av grovmotorisk funktion på barn med cerebral pares i samband med ortopedisk operation i nedre extremiteten. In: Hedberg E, editior. Kvalitetss kring i samband med CP-kirurgi. Stockholm: Omsorgsverksamhetens FoUU- enhet i Stockholms läns landsting. p 144-145. (In Swedish)
37. Jahnsen R, Berg M, Dolva AS, Høyem R. (2000) Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Norsk tillegg til den amerikanske manualen. Oslo: Norsk Psykologforening. (In Norwegian)
38. Kilgour G, McNair P, Stott SN. (2003) Intrarater reliability of lower limb sagittal range-of-motion measures in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 45: 391-399.
39. Lance JW. (1980) Symposium synopsis. In: Feldmann RG, Young RR, Koella WP, editors. Spasticity and the Development of Motor Control: Chicago: Yearbook Medical Publishers. p184-204.
40. Leonard CT, Moritani T, Hirschfeld H, Forssberg H. (1990) Deficits in reciprocal inhibition of children with cerebral palsy as revealed by H reflex testing. Dev Med Child Neurol 32: 974-984.
41. McDowell BC, Hewitt V, Nurse A, Weston T, Baker R. (2000) The variability of goniometric measurements in ambulatory children with spastic cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 12: 114-121.
42. McLaughlin J, Bjornson K, Temkin N, Steinbok P, Wright V, Reiner A, Roberts T, Drake J, O'Donnell M, Rosenbaum P, Barber J, Ferrel A. (2002) Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy: meta-analysis of three randomized controlled trials. Dev Med Child Neurol 44: 17-25.
43. Morris C. (2002) A review of the efficacy of lower limb orthoses used for cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 44: 205-211.
44. Nashner LM, Shumway-Cook A, Marion O. (1983) Stance posture control in selected groups of children with cerebral palsy: deficits in sensory organization and muscular coordination. Ex Brain Res 49: 393-409.
45. Nichols DS, Case-Schmidt J. (1996) Reliability and validity of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory. Ped Phys Ther 8: 15-24.
46. Østensjø S, Carlberg EB, Vøllestad NK. (2003) Everyday functioning in young children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 45: 603-612.
47. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, Wood E, Galuppi B. (1997) Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 39: 214-223.
48. Palisano RJ, Hanna SE, Rosenbaum PL, Russell DJ, Walter SD, Wood EP, Raina PS, Galuppi BE. (2000) Validation of a model of gross motor function for children with cerebral palsy. Phys Ther 80: 974-985.
49. Pandyan AD, Johnson GR, Price CIM, Curless RH, Barnes MP, Roodgers H. (1999) A review of the properties and limitations of the Ashworth and the modified Ashworth Scales as measures of spasticity. Clin Rehabil 13: 373-383.
50. Rose J, McGill KC. (1998) The motor unit in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 40: 270-277.
51. Russell DJ, Avery LM, Raina PS, Walter SD, Palisano RJ. (2000) Improved scaling of the Gross Motor Function Measure for children with cerebral palsy: evidence of reliability and validity. Phys Ther 80: 873-885.
52. Russell DJ, Rosenbaum PJ, Avery LM, Lane M. (2002) Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66 & GMFM 88). User's manual. Including CD-ROM. London: Mac Keith Press.
53. Sahrmann SA, Norton BJ. (1977) The relationship of voluntary movement to spasticity in the upper motor neuron syndrome. Ann Neurol 2: 460-405.
54. Sheean GL. (2001) Botulinum treatment of spasticity: why is it so difficult to show functional benefit? Curr Opin Neurol 14: 771-776.
55. Sheean G. (2002) The pathophysiology of spasticity. Eur J Neurol 9 (Suppl 1): 3-9.
56. Steinbok P. (2001) Outcomes after selective dorsal rhizotomy for spastic cerebral palsy. Childs Nerv Syst 17: 1-18.
57. Stuberg WA, Fuchs RH, Miedaner JA. (1988) Reliability of goniometric measurements of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 30: 657-666.
58. Svenningsen S, Terjesen T, Auflem M, Berg V. (1989) Hip motion related to age and sex. Acta Ortop Scand 60: 97-100.
59. Tardieu C, Tardieu G. (1987) Muscle hypoextensibility in children with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 7: 63-67.
60. Valvano J, Newell KM. (1998) Practice of a precision isometric grip-force task by children with spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 40: 464-73.
61. Wiley ME, Damiano DL. (1998) Lower extremity strength profiles in spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 40: 100-107.
62. Wood E, Rosenbaum P. (2000) The Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy: a study of reliability and stability over time. Dev Med Child Neurol 45: 292-296.
63. World Health Organization. (2001) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Geneva: World Health Organization.
64. Ziv I, Blackburn N, Rang M, Koreska J. (1984) Muscle growth in normal and spastic mice. Dev Med Child Neurol 26: 94-99.