Synchrotron radiation-based x-ray analysis of bronze artifacts from an Iron Age site in the Judean Hills

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 35, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 1951-1960

  Friedman, Elizabeth S ^a   Brody, Aaron J ^b   Young, Marcus L ^c   Almer, Jon D ^d   Segre, Carlo U ^a   Mini, Susan M ^d,e  

^a ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b Pacific School of Religion   (United States)

^c Northwestern University   (United States)

^d ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^e NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ancient metal technology; Edom; Iron Age; Judah; Leaded tin bronze; Synchrotron radiation; X ray diffraction; X ray fluorescence

Indexed keywords

ARTIFACT; BRONZE; FLUORESCENCE; IRON AGE; MANUFACTURING; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 43249092802     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2007.12.006     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. J. Almer U. Lienert R.L. Peng C. Schlauer M. Odén Strain and texture analysis of coatings using high energy x-rays Journal of Applied Physics 94 1 2003 697 792
2. J.R. Bartlett Edom D.N. Freedman Anchor Bible Dictionary vol. II 1992 Doubleday New York 287 295
3. I. Beit Arieh The Edomites in Cisjordan D.V. Edelman You Shall Not Abhor an Edomite for He is Your Brother: Edom and Seir in History and Tradition Archaeology and Biblical Studies 3 1995 Scholars Press Atlanta, GA 30 40
4. J.W. Betlyon Coinage D.N. Freedman Anchor Bible Dictionary vol. I 1992 Doubleday New York 1076 1089
5. M.S. Bisson Precolonial copper metallurgy: sociopolitical context J.O. Vogel Ancient African Metallurgy 2000 AltaMira Press Walnut Creek, CA 83 145
6. E. Bloch-Smith Judahite Burial Practices and Beliefs about the Dead JSOT Supplement Series 123 1992 JSOT Press Sheffield, UK
7. A. Brody E.S. Friedman Bronze bangles from Tell en-Nasbeh: cultural and economic observations on an artifact type from the Time of the Prophets R.B. Coote N.K. Gottwald To Break Every Yolk: Essays in Honor of Marvin L. Chaney The Social World of Biblical Antiquity, Second Series 3 2007 Sheffield Phoenix Press Sheffield, UK 97 114
8. I. De Ryck A. Adriaens E. Pantos F. Adams A comparison of microbeam techniques for the analysis of corroded ancient bronze objects The Analyst 128 2003 1104 1109
9. A. Fisher Africa Adorned 1984 William Collins Sons London
10. Gal, A., Alexandre, Y., 2000. Horbat Rosh Zayit, an Iron Age Storage Fort and Village. Israel Antiquities Authority Reports 8. Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem.
11. J.D.M. Green Anklets and the social construction of gender and age in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Southern Levant’ S. Hamilton R.D. Whitehouse K.I. Wright Archaeology and Women: Ancient and Modern Issues 2007 Left Coast Press Walnut Creek, CA 283 311
12. D. Grolimund M. Senn M. Trottmann M. Janousch I. Bonhoure A.M. Scheidegger M. Marcus Shedding new light on historical metal samples using micro-focused synchrotron x-ray fluorescence and spectroscopy Spectrochimica Acta B 59 10-11 2004 1627 1635
13. G. Harbottle B.M. Gordon K.W. Jones Use of synchrotron radiation in archaeometry Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Physics Research B14 1986 116 122
14. M. Harrison Toilet articles, jewelry, and other artistic products C.C. McCown Tell en-Nasbeh I, Archaeological and Historical Results 1947 The Palestine Institute of Pacific School of Religion Berkeley, CA 265 272
15. A. Hauptmann Mining archaeology and archaeometallurgy in the Wadi Arabah: the mining districts of Faynan and Timna P. Bienkowski K. Galor Crossing the Rift: Resources, Routes, Settlement Patterns and Interaction in the Wadi Arabah 2006 Oxbow Books Oxford 125 133
16. A. Hauptmann G. Weisgerber Archaeometallurgical and mining-archaeological investigations in the area of Feinan, Wadi Arabah (Jordan) Annals of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 31 1987 419 437
17. A. Hauptmann G. Weisgerber Periods of ore exploitation and metal production in the area of Feinan, Wadi ‘Arabah, Jordan Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan IV 1992 Jordan Department of Antiquities Amman 61 66
18. A. Hauptmann F. Begemann E. Heitkemper E. Pernicka S. Schmitt-Strecker Early copper produced at Feinan, Wadi Araba, Jordan: the composition of ores and copper Archaeomaterials 6 1 1992 1 33
19. M. Heltzer The metal trade of Ugarit and the problem of transportation of commercial goods Iraq 39 1977 203 211
20. E.W. Herbert Gold of Africa 1984 The University of Wisconsin Press Madison, WI
21. D. Hosler H. Lechtman O. Holm Axe-monies and their relatives Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 30 1990 99 103
22. K. Janssens G. Vittiglio I. Deraedt A. Aerts B. Vekemans L. Vincze F. Wei I. Deryck O. Schalm F. Adams A. Rindby A. Knochel A. Simionovici A. Snigirev Use of microscopic XRF for non-destructive analysis in art and archaeometry X-Ray Spectrometry 29 2000 73 91
23. S. Klein A. Hauptmann Iron Age leaded tin bronzes from Khirbet edh-Dharih, Jordan Journal of Archaeological Science 26 1999 1075 1082
24. E.A. Knauf-Belleri Edom: the social and economic history D.V. Edelman You Shall Not Abhor an Edomite for He is Your Brother: Edom and Seir in History and Tradition Archaeology and Biblical Studies 3 1995 Scholars Press Atlanta, GA 93 117
25. W. Kockelmann E. Pantos A. Kirfel Neutron and synchrotron radiation studies of archaeological objects D.C. Creagh D.A. Bradley Radiation in Art and Archeometry 2000 Elsevier Science Amsterdam 347 377
26. H. Lassen Introduction to weight systems in the Bronze Age East Mediterranean: the case of Kalavasos-Ayios Dhimitrios C.F.E. Pare Metals Make the World Go Round: The Supply and Circulation of Metals in Bronze Age Europe 2000 Oxbow Books Oxford 233 246
27. T.E. Levy R.B. Adams J.D. Anderson M. Najjar N. Smith Y. Arbel L. Soderbaum A. Muniz An Iron Age landscape in the Edomite Lowlands: archaeological surveys along Wadi Al-Ghuwayb and Wadi Al-Jariya, Jabal Hamrat Fidan, Jordan, 2002 Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 47 2003 247 277
28. T.E. Levy R.B. Adams M. Najjar A. Hauptmann J.D. Anderson B. Brandl M.A. Robinson T. Higham Reassessing the chronology of Biblical Edom: new excavations and 14C dates from Khirbet en Nahas (Jordan) Antiquity 78 2004 863 876
29. C.C. McCown Tell en-Nasbeh I, Archaeological and Historical Results 1947 The Palestine Institute of Pacific School of Religion Berkeley, CA
30. P.R.S. Moorey Ancient Mesopotamian Materials and Industries: The Archaeological Evidence 1999 Eisenbrauns Winona Lake, IN
31. B.D. Newbury B. Stephenson J.D. Almer M. Notis G.S. Cargill G.B. Stephenson D.R. Haeffner Synchrotron applications in archaeometallurgy: Analysis of high zinc brass astrolabes Powder Diffraction 19 1 2004 12 15
32. M.R. Notis P.E. McGovern H. Moyer V.C. Pigott C.P. Swann The copper-base archaeometallurgy P.E. McGovern The Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of Central Transjordan: The Baq‘ah Valley Project, 1977–1981 University Museum Monograph 65 1986 The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 278 283
33. C.F.E. Pare Bronze and the Bronze Age C.F.E. Pare Metals Make the World Go Round: The Supply and Circulation of Metals in Bronze Age Europe 2000 Oxbow Books Oxford 1 38
34. T. Pinheiro L.C. Alves A. Barreiros F. Araujo S. Bohic A. Simionovici Imaging and quantification of trace metals in thin biological specimens using microprobe techniques: synchrotron induced x-ray fluorescence microprobe and nuclear microprobe Journal de Physique IV 104 2003 523 526
35. C. Pulak The Bronze Age shipwreck at Ulu Burun, Turkey: 1985 campaign American Journal of Archaeology 92 1988 1 37
36. B. Rothenberg The Ancient Metallurgy of Copper, Researches in the Arabah 1959–1984 vol. 2 1990 Institute for Archaeo-Metallurgical Studies, Institute of Archaeology, University College London
37. M. Ruiz-Gálvez Weight systems and exchange networks in Bronze Age Europe C.F.E. Pare Metals Make the World Go Round: The Supply and Circulation of Metals in Bronze Age Europe 2000 Oxbow Books Oxford 267 279
38. M. Schreiner B. Fruhmann D. Jembrih-Simburger R. Linke X-rays in art and archaeology: an overview Powder Diffraction 19 1 2004 3 11
39. D.C. Snell Methods of exchange and coinage in Ancient Western Asia J.M. Sasson Civilizations of the Ancient Near East III 1995 Charles Scribner's Sons New York 1487 1497
40. S. Srinivasan The use of tin and bronze in Prehistoric Southern Indian metallurgy Journal of the Institute of Metals 50 7 1988 44 49
41. G.B. Stephenson B. Stephenson D.R. Haeffner Investigations of astrolabe metallurgy using synchrotron radiation MRS Bulletin 26 1 2001 19 23
42. O. Tufnell Anklets in Western Asia Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology 1 1958 37 54
43. A.D. Tushingham The Excavations at Dibon (Dhiban) in Moab: The Third Campaign, AASOR XL 1972 American Schools of Oriental Research Cambridge, MA
44. R.F. Tylecote A. Lupu B. Rothenberg A study of early copper smelting and working sites in Israel Journal of the Institute of Metals 95 1967 235 243
45. J.C. Wampler Tell en-Nasbeh II, the Pottery 1947 The Palestine Institute of Pacific School of Religion Berkeley, CA
46. G. Weisgerber Spatial organization of mining and smelting at Feinan, Jordan: mining archaeology beyond the history of technology P. Craddock J. Lang Mining and Metal Production through the Ages 2003 British Museum Press London 76 89
47. M.L. Young F. Casadio S. Schnepp J. Almer D.R. Haeffner D.C. Dunand Synchrotron x-ray diffraction and imaging of ancient Chinese bronzes Applied Physics A 83 2006 163 168
48. R.S. Young Three Great Early Tumuli. University Museum Monograph 43 1981 The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA
49. J.R. Zorn Tell en-’Nasbeh E. Stern The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land 3 1993 Israel Exploration Society Jerusalem 1098 1102
50. Zorn, J.R., 1993b. Tell en-Nasbeh: A Re-evaluation of the Architecture and Stratigraphy of the Early Bronze Age, Iron Age and Later Periods. PhD Dissertation. University of California, Berkeley, CA.