Molecular tools for the rapid detection of drug resistance in animal trypanosomes

Trends in Parasitology

Volumn 24, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 236-242

  Delespaux, Vincent ^a   Geysen, Dirk ^a   Van den Bossche, Peter ^a,b   Geerts, Stanny ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABC TRANSPORTER; ANTITRYPANOSOMAL AGENT; DIMINAZENE ACETURATE; DNA TOPOISOMERASE; ETHIDIUM BROMIDE; ISOMETAMIDIUM CHLORIDE;

ALLELE; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRUG RESISTANCE; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; LABORATORY TEST; MITOCHONDRION; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MUTATION; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; REVIEW; TRYPANOSOMA; TRYPANOSOMIASIS;

ANIMALS; CATTLE; CATTLE DISEASES; DIMINAZENE; DRUG RESISTANCE; PHENANTHRIDINES; TRYPANOCIDAL AGENTS; TRYPANOSOMA; TRYPANOSOMIASIS, AFRICAN;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 42749090319     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2008.02.006     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. Mattioli R.C., et al. Tsetse and trypanosomiasis intervention policies supporting sustainable animal-agricultural development. J. Food Agric. Environ. 2 (2004) 310-314
2. Swallow, B.M. (2000) Impacts of trypanosomosis on African agriculture. PAAT Technical Scientific Series 2, FAO
3. Barrett M.P., et al. Future prospects in chemotherapy for trypanosomiasis. In: Maudlin I., Holmes P.H., and Miles M.A. (Eds). The trypanosomiasis (2004), CABI Publishing 445-458
4. Geerts, S. and Holmes, P.H. (1998) Drug management and parasite resistance in bovine trypanosomiasis in Africa. PAAT Technical Scientific Series 1. FAO
5. Sones K. Pharmaceutical companies: partners or enemies?. ICPTV Newsletter 3 (2001) 19-21
6. Holmes P.H., et al. Current chemotherapy of animal trypanosomiasis. In: Maudlin I., Holmes P.H., and Miles M.A. (Eds). The Trypanosomiasis (2004), CABI Publishing 431-444
7. Peregrine A.S., et al. Cross-resistance associated with development of resistance to isometamidium in a clone of Trypanosoma congolense. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41 (1997) 1604-1606
8. Delespaux V., et al. Monitoring the correct use of isometamidium by farmers and veterinary assistants in Eastern Province of Zambia using the isometamidium-ELISA. Vet. Parasitol. 110 (2002) 117-122
9. Van den Bossche P., et al. An analysis of trypanocidal drug use in the Eastern Province of Zambia. Acta Trop. 75 (2000) 247-258
10. Jones-Davies W.J. A Berenil resistant strain of Trypanosoma vivax in cattle. Vet. Rec. 81 (1967) 567-568
11. Na'Isa B.K. Follow-up of a survey on the prevalence of homidium-resistant strains of trypanosomes in cattle in Northern Nigeria and drug cross-resistance tests on the strains with Samorin and Berenil. Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr. 15 (1967) 231-241
12. Jamal S., et al. The susceptibility of Trypanosoma congolense isolated in Zambezia Province, Mozambique, to isometamidium chloride, diminazene aceturate and homidium chloride. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 72 (2005) 333-338
13. Talaki E., et al. Répartition spatiale des trypanosomoses animales en relation avec la chimiorésistance dans la zone cotonnière de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (Mali et Guinée). Rev. Afr. Sante Prod. Anim. 4 (2006) 45-50
14. Mamoudou A., et al. Evaluation sur le terrain et sur souris de la résistance des trypanosomes des bovins du plateau de l'Adamaoua au Cameroun à l'acéturate de diminazène et au chlorure d'isométamidium. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays. 59 (2006) 11-16
15. Eisler M.C., et al. Area-wide appraisal of drug resistance in trypanosomes infecting cattle in East and Southern Africa. ICPTV Newsletter 2 (2000) 16-18
16. Sinyangwe L., et al. Trypanocidal drug resistance in Eastern province of Zambia. Vet. Parasitol. 119 (2004) 125-135
17. Mulugeta W., et al. Long-term occurrence of Trypanosoma congolense resistant to diminazene, isometamidium and homidium in cattle at Ghibe. Ethiopia. Acta Trop. 64 (1997) 205-217
18. Joshua R.A., et al. Resistance to diminazene aceturate by Trypanosoma congolense from cattle in the Zambezi valley of Zimbabwe. Vet. Parasitol. 60 (1995) 1-6
19. Geerts S., et al. African bovine trypanosomiasis: the problem of drug resistance. Trends Parasitol. 17 (2001) 25-28
20. Wragg W.R., et al. Metamidium: a new trypanocidal drug. Nature 182 (1958) 1005-1006
21. Berg S.S. Structure of isometamidium (M. and B. 4180A), 7-m-amidinophenyldiazamino-2-amino-10-ethyl-9-phenylphenanthridium chloride hydrochloride, the red isomer present in metamidium. Nature 188 (1960) 1106-1107
22. Berg S.S. The search for new trypanocides, VIII. Coupling of m-amidinobenzenediazonium chloride with 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridiunium chloride. J. Chem. Soc. (1963) 3635-3640
23. Wilkes J.M., et al. Modulation of mitochondrial electrical potential: a candidate mechanism for drug resistance in African trypanosomes. Biochem. J. 326 (1997) 755-761
24. Delespaux V., et al. Identification of a genetic marker for isometamidium chloride resistance in Trypanosoma congolense. Int. J. Parasitol. 35 (2005) 235-243
25. Borst P., and Elferink R.O. Mammalian ABC transporters in health and disease. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 71 (2002) 537-592
26. Delespaux V., and de Koning H.P. Drugs and drug resistance in African trypanosomiasis. Drug Resist. Updat. 10 (2007) 30-50
27. Shapiro T.A., and Englund P.T. Selective cleavage of kinetoplast DNA minicircles promoted by antitrypanosomal drugs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87 (1990) 950-954
28. Wang Z., and Englund P.T. RNA interference of a trypanosome topoisomerase II causes progressive loss of mitochondrial DNA. EMBO J. 20 (2001) 4674-4683
29. Cavalcanti D., et al. The effect of toposiomerase II inhibitors on the kinetoplast ultrastructure of some trypanosomatids. Microsc. Acta 12 (2003) 217-218
30. Marquis J.F., et al. Topoisomerase I amino acid substitutions, Gly185Arg and Asp325Glu, confer camptothecin resistance in Leishmania donovani. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49 (2005) 1441-1446
31. Lin D.M., et al. Characterization of drug resistance to VM-26 in A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells. Zool. Stud. 40 (2001) 71-78
32. Delespaux V., et al. Point mutations in mitochondrial topoisomerase enzymes of Trypanosoma congolense are not involved in isometamidium resistance. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 151 (2007) 137-140
33. Carter N.S., and Fairlamb A.H. Arsenical resistant trypanosomes lack an unusual adenosine transporter. Nature 361 (1993) 173-176
34. Barrett M.P., et al. A diamidine resistant Trypanosoma equiperdum clone contains a P2 purine transporter with reduced substrate affinity. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 73 (1995) 223-229
35. de Koning H.P., and Jarvis S.M. Adenosine transporters in bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei: Substrate recognition motifs and affinity for trypanocidal drugs. Mol. Pharmacol. 56 (1999) 1162-1170
36. Carter N.S., et al. Uptake of diamidine drugs by the P2 nucleoside transporter in melarsen sensitive and resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 28153-28157
37. Mäser P., et al. A nucleoside transporter from Trypanosoma brucei involved in drug resistance. Science 285 (1999) 242-244
38. Mäser P., et al. Identification and characterization of trypanocides by functional expression of an adenosine transporter from Trypanosoma brucei in yeast. J. Mol. Med. 79 (2001) 121-127
39. Denise H., and Barrett M.P. Uptake and mode of action of drugs used against sleeping sickness. Biochem. Pharmacol. 61 (2001) 1-5
40. Mäser P., et al. Drug transport and drug resistance in African trypanosomes. Drug Resist. Updat. 6 (2003) 281-290
41. Matovu E., et al. Mechanisms of arsenical and diamidine uptake and resistance in Trypanosoma brucei. Eukaryot. Cell 2 (2003) 1003-1008
42. de Koning H.P., et al. The trypanocide diminazene aceturate is accumulated predominantly through the TbAT1 purine transporter: additional insights on diamidine resistance in African trypanosomes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48 (2004) 1515-1519
43. de Koning H.P., et al. Purine and pyrimidine transport in pathogenic protozoa: From biology to therapy. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 29 (2005) 987-1020
44. Witola W.H., et al. RNA-interference silencing of the adenosine transporter-1 gene in Trypanosoma evansi confers resistance to diminazene aceturate. Exp. Parasitol. 107 (2004) 47-57
45. Delespaux V., et al. SSCP analysis of the P2 purine transporter TcoAT1 gene of Trypanosoma congolense leads to a simple PCR-RFLP test allowing the rapid identification of diminazene resistant stocks. Acta Trop. 100 (2006) 96-102
46. Afework Y., et al. Rapid identification of isometamidium-resistant stocks of Trypanosoma b. brucei by PCR-RFLP. Parasitol. Res. 99 (2006) 253-261
47. Eisler M.C., et al. Standardised tests in mice and cattle for the detection of drug resistance in tsetse-transmitted trypanosomes of African domestic cattle. Vet. Parasitol. 97 (2001) 171-182
48. Dayo G.K. Corrélation entre le test sur souris et la PCR-RFLP pour la détection de la résistance au chlorure d'isometamidium de souches de trypanosoma congolense de différentes pathogénicités. IMTA, Thèse de MSSAT 34 (2005) 1-37
49. Mamoudou, A. et al. (2007) Assessment of the occurrence of trypanocidal drug resistance in trypanosomes of naturally infected cattle in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon using the standard mouse test and molecular tools. Acta Trop. (in press). doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.02.003
50. Ross C.A., and Sutherland D.V. Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis: biology and control. In: Hide, et al. (Ed). Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis (1997), CABI International 259-269
51. Luscher A., et al. Combined contribution of TbAT1 and TbMRPA to drug resistance in Trypanosoma brucei. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 150 (2006) 364-366
52. Bridges D.J., et al. Loss of the high-affinity pentamidine transporter is responsible for high levels of cross-resistance between arsenical and diamidine drugs in African trypanosomes. Mol. Pharmacol. 71 (2007) 1098-1108
53. Nerima B., et al. Detection of mutant P2 Adenosine transporter (TbAT1) gene in T. b. gambiense isolates from Northwest Uganda using Allele-specific PCR. Trop. Med. Int. Health 12 (2008) 1361-1368
54. Geerts S., et al. In vivo tests for the detection of resistance to trypanocidal drugs: tests in mice and in ruminants. ICPTV Newsletter 2 (2000) 6-7
55. Gray M.A., et al. Drug-sensitivity screening in-vitro of populations of Trypanosoma congolense originating from cattle and Tsetse-flies at Nguruman. Kenya. Acta Trop. 55 (1993) 1-9
56. Hirumi H., et al. Axenic culture of Trypanosoma congolense - application to the detection of sensitivity levels of blood-stream trypomastigotes to diminazene aceturate, homidium chloride, isometamidium chloride and quinapyramine sulfate. J. Protozool. Res. 3 (1993) 52-63
57. Clausen P.H., et al. Application of in vitro methods for the detection of drug resistance in trypanosome field isolates. ICPTV Newsletter 2 (2000) 9-12
58. Clausen P.H., et al. A drug incubation glossina infectivity test (DIGIT) to assess the susceptibility of Trypanosoma congolense bloodstream forms to trypanocidal drugs (Xenodiagnosis). Acta Trop. 72 (1999) 111-117
59. Knoppe T.N., et al. Isometamidium sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense stocks from cattle in West Africa tested in mice and the drug incubation infectivity test. Acta Trop. 97 (2006) 108-116
60. Eisler M.C., et al. A simple competitive enzyme immunoassay for the detection of the trypanocidal drug isometamidium. Therapeut. Drug Monitor 18 (1996) 73-79
61. Eisler M.C., et al. Concentrations of isometamidium in the sera of cattle challenged with drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense. Acta Trop. 63 (1997) 89-100
62. Murray M., et al. Improved parasitological technique for diagnosis of African trypanosomiasis. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 71 (1977) 325-326
63. McDermott J., et al. Field studies of drug-resistant cattle trypanosomes in Kenedougou Province, Burkina Faso. Acta Trop. 86 (2003) 93-103
64. Rowlands G.J., et al. Epidemiology of bovine trypanosomiasis in the Ghibe Valley, Southwest Ethiopia: factors associated with variations in trypanosome prevalence, incidence of new infections and prevalence of recurrent infections. Acta Trop. 53 (1993) 135-150