Microsurgical anatomy of the diaphragma sellae and its role in directing the pattern of growth of pituitary adenomas

Neurosurgery

Volumn 62, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 717-722

  Campero, Alvaro ^a,c   Martins, Carolina ^a,b   Yasuda, Alexandre ^a   Rhoton Jr , Albert L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA INTEGRAL PROF FERNANDO FIGUEIRA   (Brazil)

^c Apartment 3 C ^*  (Argentina)

Author keywords

Adenoma; Anatomy; Diaphragma sellae; Pituitary gland

Indexed keywords

ANATOMICAL VARIATION; ANTERIOR POSTERIOR AXIS; ARTICLE; BRAIN REGION; CADAVER; CAVERNOUS SINUS; DISSECTION; DURA MATER; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPOPHYSIS ADENOMA; MEASUREMENT; MICROSURGERY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SELLA TURCICA DIAPHRAGM; SURGICAL ANATOMY; TUMOR GROWTH; TUMOR LOCALIZATION;

ADENOMA; CADAVER; HUMANS; MICROSURGERY; MODELS, ANATOMIC; NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; SELLA TURCICA;

EID: 42449092545     PISSN: 0148396X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000317321.79106.37     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Ammar A, Al-Sultan A, Al Mulhim F, Al Hassan AY: Empty sella syndrome: Does it exist in children? J Neurosurg 91:960-963, 1999.
2. Asa S, Ezzat S: The cytogenesis and pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas. Endocr Rev 19:798-827, 1998.
3. Bergland RM, Ray BS, Torack RM: Anatomical variations in the pituitary gland and adjacent structures in 225 human autopsy cases. J Neurosurg 28:93-99, 1968.
4. Busch W: Morphology of sella turcica and its relation to the pituitary gland. Arch Pathol Anat 320:437-458, 1951.
5. Ciric IS: Are nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas extending into the cavernous sinus aggressive and/or invasive? Neurosurgery 49:857-863, 2001.
6. Cottier JP, Destrieux C, Brunereau L, Bertrand P, Moreau L, Jan M, Herbreteau D: Cavernous sinus invasion by pituitary adenoma: MR imaging. Radiology 215:463-469, 2000.
7. Cottier JP, Destrieux C, Vinikoff-Sonier C, Jan M, Herbreteau D: MRI diagnosis of cavernous sinus invasion by pituitary adenomas. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 61:269-274, 2000.
8. Destrieux C, Kakou MK, Velut S, Lefrancq T, Jan M: Microanatomy of the hypophyseal fossa boundaries. J Neurosurg 88:743-752, 1998.
9. Dietemann JL, Kehrli P, Maillot C, Diniz R, Reis M Jr, Neugroschl C, Vinclair L: Is there a dural wall between the cavernous sinus and the pituitary fossa? Anatomical and MRI findings. Neuroradiology 40:627-630, 1998.
10. Ferreri AJ, Garrido SA, Markarian MG, Yañez A: Relationship between the development of diaphragma sellae and the morphology of the sella turcica and its content. Surg Radiol Anat 14:233-239, 1992.
11. Harris FS, Rhoton AL: Anatomy of the cavernous sinus. A microsurgical study. J Neurosurg 45:169-180, 1976.
12. Hornig GW, Zervas NT: Slit defect of the diaphragma sellae with valve effect: Observation of a 'slit valve.' Neurosurgery 30:265-267, 1992.
13. Iuchi T, Saeki N, Osato K, Yamaura A: Proliferation, vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cavernous sinus invasion in growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 142:1345-1351, 2000.
14. Kawamoto H, Uozumi T, Kawamoto K, Arita K, Yano T, Hirohata T: Type IV collagenase activity and cavernous sinus invasion in human pituitary adenomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 138:390-395, 1996.
15. Kehrli P, Ali M, Reis M Jr, Maillot C, Dietemann JL, Dujovny M, Ausman JI: Anatomy and embryology of the lateral sellar compartment (cavernous sinus) medial wall. Neurol Res 20:585-592, 1998.
16. Knosp E, Steiner E, Kitz K, Matula C: Pituitary adenomas with invasion of the cavernous sinus space: A magnetic resonance imaging classification compared with surgical findings. Neurosurgery 33:610-618, 1993.
17. Korogi Y, Takahashi M, Sakamoto Y, Shinzato J: Cavernous sinus: Correlation between anatomic and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging findings. Radiology 180:235-237, 1991.
18. Lee KF, Parke W, Lin SR, Choi HY, Schatz NJ: The vasculature of the diaphragma sellae. A postmortem injection study. Neuroradiology 16:281-283, 1978.
19. Lundin P, Nyman R, Burman P, Lundberg PO, Muhr C: MRI of pituitary macroadenomas with reference to hormonal activity. Neuroradiology 34:43-51, 1992.
20. Mastronardi L, Guiducci A, Spera C, Puzzilli F, Liberati F, Maira G: Ki-67 labelling index and invasiveness among anterior pituitary adenomas: Analysis of 103 cases using the MIB-1 monoclonal antibody. J Clin Pathol 52:107-111, 1999.
21. Moreau L, Cottier JP, Bertrand P, Destrieux C, Jan M, Sonier CB, Herbreteau D, Rouleau P: MRI diagnosis of sinus cavernous invasion by pituitary adenomas. J Radiol 79:241-246, 1998.
22. Nomura M, Tachibana O, Yamashima T, Yamashita J, Suzuki M: MRI evaluation of the diaphragmal opening: Using MRI parallel to the transsphenoidal surgical approach. J Clin Neurosci 9:175-177, 2002.
23. Oldfield EH: Pituitary pseudocapsule. J Neurosurg 104:2-3, 2006.
24. Parkinson D: Surgical anatomy of the lateral sellar compartment (cavernous sinus). Clin Neurosurg 36:219-239, 1990.
25. Renn WH, Rhoton AL Jr: Microsurgical anatomy of the sellar region. J Neurosurg 43:288-298, 1975.
26. Rhoton AL Jr: The cavernous sinus, the cavernous venous plexus, and the carotid collar. Neurosurgery 51 [Suppl]:375-410, 2002.
27. Rhoton AL Jr: The sellar region. Neurosurgery 51 [Suppl]:335-374, 2002.
28. Rhoton AL Jr, Hardy DG, Chambers SM: Microsurgical anatomy and dissection of the sphenoid bone, cavernous sinus and sellar region. Surg Neurol 12:63-104, 1979.
29. Sage MR, Blumbergs PC, Fowler GW: The diaphragma sellae: Its relationship to normal sellar variations in frontal radiographic projections. Radiology 145:699-701, 1982.
30. Schaeffer JP: Some points in the regional anatomy of the optic pathway, with special reference to tumors of the hypophysis cerebri and resulting ocular changes. Anat Rec 28:243-279, 1924.
31. Taptas JN: The so-called cavernous sinus: Areview of the controversy and its implications for neurosurgeons. Neurosurgery 11:712-717, 1982.
32. Trouillas J, Daniel L, Guigard MP, Tong S, Gouvernet J, Jouanneau E, Jan M, Perrin G, Fischer G, Tabarin A, Rougon G, Figarella-Branger D: Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecules expressed in human pituitary tumors and related to extrasellar invasion. J Neurosurg 98:1084-1093, 2003.
33. Umansky F, Nathan H: The lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. With special reference to the nerves related to it. J Neurosurg 56:228-234, 1982.
34. Umansky F, Valarezo A, Elidan J: The superior wall of the cavernous sinus: A microanatomical study. J Neurosurg 81:914-920, 1994.
35. Yasuda A, Campero A, Martins C, Rhoton AL Jr, Ribas GC: The medial wall of the cavernous sinus: Microsurgical anatomy. Neurosurgery 55:179-190, 2004.
36. Yokoyama S, Hirano H, Moroki K, Goto M, Imamura S, Karatsu JI: Are nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas extending into the cavernous sinus aggressive and/or invasive? Neurosurgery 49:857-863, 2001.
37. Yonezawa K, Tamaki N, Kokunai T: Clinical features and growth fractions of pituitary adenomas. Surg Neurol 48:494-500, 1997.
38. Zhao D, Tomono Y, Nose T: Expression of P27kip1 and Ki-67 in pituitary adenomas: An investigation of marker of adenoma invasiveness. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 141:187-192, 1999.