Absorption, tissue distribution, and elimination of residues after 2,4,6-trinitro[14C]toluene administration to sheep

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 42, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 2563-2569

  Smith, D J ^a   Craig, A M ^b   Duringer, J M ^b   Chaney, R L ^c  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^b OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; ANIMALS; CONTAMINATION; TISSUE;

PERSISTENT CONTAMINANT; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION;

TOLUENE;

ACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; ACETONE; CARBON 14; CELLULOSE; HEMICELLULOSE; LIGNIN; METHANOL; NUCLEIC ACID; ORGANIC MATTER; TRINITROTOLUENE;

ABSORPTION; ANIMALS; CONTAMINATION; TISSUE; TOLUENE;

ADSORPTION; FECES; IMMOBILIZATION; METABOLISM; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; RADIOACTIVITY; SHEEP; SOIL REMEDIATION; TOLUENE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BLOOD ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG ELIMINATION; FECES ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; PHYTOREMEDIATION; RADIOACTIVITY; RUMEN MICROORGANISM; SHEEP; SLAUGHTERHOUSE; SOIL POLLUTION; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; URINALYSIS;

ANIMALS; CARBON RADIOISOTOPES; CHROMATOGRAPHY, GEL; HALF-LIFE; SHEEP; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TRINITROTOLUENE;

ANIMALIA; OVIS ARIES; POACEAE;

EID: 41649093173     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es702601n     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Lewis, T. A.; Newcombe, D. A.; Crawford, R. L. Bioremediation of soils contaminated with explosives. J. Environ. Microbiol. 2004, 70, 291-307.
2. Bolt, H. M.; Degen, G. H.; Dorn, S. B.; Plöttner, S.; Harth, V. Genotoxicity and potentially carcinogenicity of 2,4,6-TNT trinitrotoluene: structural and toxicological considerations. Rev. Environ. Health 2006, 21, 217-228.
3. Rodgers, J. D.; Bunce, N. J. Treatment methods for the remediation of nitroaromatic explosives. Water Res. 2001, 35, 2101-2111.
4. Ramos, J. L.; González-Pérez, M. M.; Caballero, A.; van Dillewijn, P. Bioremediation of polynitrated aromatic compounds: plants and microbes put up a fight. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2005, 16, 275-281.
5. Esteve-Núñez, A.; Caballero, A.; Ramos, J. L. Biological degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Microbiol. Mol. Bio. Rev. 2001, 65, 335-352.
6. Fleischmann, T. J.; Walker, K. C.; Spain, J. C.; Hughes, J. B.; Craig, A. M. Anaerobic transformation of 2,4,6-TNT by bovine ruminal microbes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2004, 314, 957-963.
7. 14C]trinitrotoluene to proteins in the rat. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 1992, 82, 1-19.
8. Leung, K. H.; Yao, M.; Stearns, R.; Chiu, S.-H. L. Mechanism of bioactivation and covalent binding of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 1995, 97, 37-51.
9. Palmer, W. C.; Beaman, J. R.; Walters, D. M.; Creasia, D. A. Bioavailability of TNT residues in composts of TNT-contaminated soil. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1997, 51, 97-108.
10. Murray III, A.; Williams, L. D. Organic Syntheses with Isotopes, Part I: Compounds of Isotopic Carbon; Interscience Publishers, Inc.: New York; 1958; pp 893-895.
11. Dennis, W. H.; Rosenblatt, D. H.; Blucher, W. G.; Coon, C. L. Improved synthesis of TNT isomers. J. Chem. Eng. Data 1974, 20, 202-203.
12. Adamia, G.; Ghoghoberidze, M.; Graves, D.; Khatisashvili, G.; Kvesitadze, G.; Lomidze, E.; Ugrekhelidze, D. Zaalishvili. Absorption, distribution, and transformation of TNT in higher plants. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2006, 64, 136-145.
13. 2. J. Anim. Sci. 1967, 26, 424-429.
14. Heiss, G.; Knackmuss, H.-J. Bioelimination of trinitroaromatic compounds: immobilization versus mineralization. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2002, 5, 282-287.
15. Benville, P. E.; Tindle, R. C. Dry ice homogenization procedure for fish samples in pesticide residue analysis. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 1970, 18, 948-949.
16. Smith D. J.; Stehly, G. S.; Turberg, M. T. Procedures and Practices for Conducting Residue Studies of Animal Health Compounds in Food Animals. In Handbook of Residue Analytical Methods for Agrochemicals; Lee, P. Ed.; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: West Sussex, England, 2003.
17. Yinon, J.; Hwang, D.-G. Metabolic studies of explosives. 5. Detection and analysis of 2,4,6,-trinitrotoluene and its metabolites in urine of munition workers by micro liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biomed. Chromatogr. 1986, 1, 123-125.
18. Van Soest, P. J.; Robertson, J. B.; Lewis, B. A. Carbohydrate methodology, metabolism, and nutritional implications in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 1991, 74, 3583-3597.
19. Van Soest, P. J. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant, 2nd ed.; Cornell University Press: Ithaca, NY, 1994.
20. Sutherland, I. W.; Wilkinson, J. F. In: Methods in Microbiology Norris, J. R., Ribbons, D. W., Eds.; Academic Press: London, 1971.
21. 14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in an activated-sludge system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1978, 35, 949-954.
22. Hawari, J.; Halasz, A.; Paquet, L.; Zhou, E.; Spencer, B.; Ampleman, G.; Thiboutot, S. Characterization of metabolites in the biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene with anaerobic sludge: role of triaminotoluene. Appl. Environ. Mirobiol. 1998, 64, 2200-2206.
23. Funk, S. B.; Roberts, D. J.; Crawford, D. L.; Crawford, R. L. Initial-phase optimization for bioremediation of munition compound-contaminated sites. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1993, 59, 2171-2177.
24. Pennington, J. C.; Hayes, C. A.; Myers, K. F.; Ochman, M.; Gunnison, D.; Felt, D. R.; McCormick, E. F. Fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in a simulated compost system. Chemosphere 1995, 30, 429-438.
25. Achtnich, C.; Sieglen, U.; Knackmuss, H.-J.; Lenke, H. Irreversible binding of biologically reduced 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to soil. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1999, 18, 2416-2423.
26. Kröger, M.; Schumacher, M. E.; Risse, H.; Fels, G. Biological reduction of TNT as part of a combined biological-chemcial procedure for mineralization. Biodegradation 2004, 15, 241-248.
27. Newcombe, D. A.; Crawford, R. L. Transformation and fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in anaerobic bioslurry reactors under various aeration schemes: implications for the decontamination of soils. Biodegradation [Online early access]. DOI 10.1007/s10532-007-9103-0. Published Online: February 2, 2007.
28. Reddy, G.; Chandra, S. A. M.; Lish, J. W.; Qualls, C. W., Jr. Toxicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in hispid cotton rats (Sigmondon hispidus): Hematological, biochemical, and pathological effects. Int. J. Toxicol. 2000, 19, 169-177.
29. Coombs, M.; Schillack, V. Determination of trinitrotoluene and its metabolites in urine by means of gas-chromatography with mass detection. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 1998, 71 (1), S22-S25.
30. Sabbioni, G.; Liu, Y.-Y.; Yan, H.; Sepai, O. Hemoglobin adducts, urinary metabolites and health effects in 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene exposed workers. Carcinogenesis 2005, 26, 1272-1279.
31. Yinon, J.; Hwang, D.-G. Identification of urinary metabolites of 2,4,6,-trinitro-toluene in rats by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Toxicol. Lett. 1985, 26, 205-209.
32. Lyford, S. J. In: The Ruminant Animal, Digestive Physiology and Nutrition; Church, D. C., Ed.; Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988.
33. Drzyzga, O.; Bruns-Nagel, D.; Gorontzy, T.; Blotevogel, K.; von Löw, E. Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures. Chemosphere 1999, 38, 2081-2095.
34. Caton, J. E.; Ho, C.-H.; Williams, R. T.; Griest, W. H. Characterization of insoluble fractions of TNT transformed by composting. J. Environ. Sci. Health 1994, A29, 659-670.
35. Elovitz, M. S.; Weber, E. J. Sediment-mediated reduction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and fate of the resulting aromatic (poly)amines. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2617-2625.
36. Thiele, S.; Fernandes, E.; Bollag, J.-M. Enzymatic transformation and binding of labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to humic substances during anaerobic/aerobic incubations. J. Environ. Qual. 2002, 31, 437-444.
37. Vanderford, M.; Shanks, J. V.; Hughes, J. B. Phytotransformation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and distribution of metabolic products in Myriophyllum aquaticum. Biotechnol. Lett. 1997, 19, 277-280.
38. 14C-TNT and derivatives in different biochemical compartments of Phaseolus vulgaris. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 1998, 5, 202-208.
39. Bahdra, R.; Wayment, D. G.; Hughes, J. B.; Shanks, J. V. Confirmation of conjugation processes during TNT metabolism by axenic plant roots. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 446-452.
40. Vila, M.; Lorber-Pascal, S.; Laurent, F. Fate of RDX and TNT in agronomic plants. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 148, 148-154.
41. Thompson, P. L.; Ramer, L.; Schnoor, J. L. Uptake and transformation of TNT by hybrid poplar trees. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 975-980.
42. Claus, H.; Bausinger, T.; Lehmler, I.; Perret, N.; Fels, G.; Dehner, U.; Preuss, J.; König, H. Transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by Raoultella terrigena. Biodegradation 2007, 18, 27-35.
43. Preuß, A.; Rieger, P.-G. Anaerobic transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and other aromatic compounds. In: Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds; Spain, J. C., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1995.
44. 15N NMR investigation of the covalent binding of reduced TNT amines to soil humic acid, model compounds, and lignocellulose. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 3787-3796.
45. Daun, C.; Lenke, H.; Reuss, M.; Knackmuss, H.-J. Biological treatment of TNT-contaminated soil. 1. Anaerobic cometabolic reduction and interaction of TNT and metabolites with soil components. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 1956-1963.
46. Claus, H.; Perret, N.; Bausinger, T.; Fels, G.; Preuß, J.; König, H. TNT transformation products are affected by the growth conditions of Raoultella terrigena. Biotechnol. Lett. 2007, 29, 411-419.
47. Rieger, P.-G.; Knackmuss, H.-J. Basic Knowledge and Perspectives on Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Related Nitroaromatic Compounds in Contaminated Soil. In: Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds; Spain, J. C., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1995.
48. 15N NMR investigation of the reduction and binding of TNT in an aerobic bench scale reactor simulating windrow composting. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 3797-3805.
49. Achtnich, C.; Lenke, H. Stability of immobilized 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolites in soil under long-term leaching conditions. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2001, 20, 280-283.