Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures

Chemosphere

Volumn 38, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 2081-2095

  Drzyzga, Oliver ^a,b   Bruns Nagel, Dirk ^a,b   Gorontzy, Thomas ^a   Blotevogel, Karl Heinz ^a   Von Löw, Eberhard ^a,b  

^a PHILIPPS UNIVERSITY MARBURG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OLDENBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

2,4,6 Trinitrotoluene; Bioremediation; Immobilization; Incorporation; TNT

Indexed keywords

CARBON 14; FULVIC ACID; HUMIC ACID; MOLASSES; SOLVENT; TRINITROTOLUENE;

SOIL REMEDIATION; TNT;

ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM; ARTICLE; BIOREACTOR; CONTROLLED STUDY; HYDROLYSIS; METABOLITE; NONHUMAN; SOIL POLLUTION; SOIL TREATMENT;

BACTERIA, ANAEROBIC; BIODEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL; BIOREACTORS; CARBON RADIOISOTOPES; REFUSE DISPOSAL; SOIL MICROBIOLOGY; SOIL POLLUTANTS; TRINITROTOLUENE;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 0033137081     PISSN: 00456535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00426-3     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. J. M. Bollag, Decontaminating soil with enzymes, Environ. Sci. Technol. 26, 1876-1881 (1992).
2. J. M. Bollag and M. J. Loll, Incorporation of xenobiotics into soil humus, Experientia 39, 1221-1231 (1983).
3. J. Breitung , D. Bruns-Nagel, K. Steinbach, L. Kaminski, D. Gemsa and E. von Löw, Bioremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene contaminated soils by two different aerated compost systems, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 44, 795-800 (1996).
4. D. Bruns-Nagel, J. Breitung, E. von Löw, K. Steinbach, T. Gorontzy, M. Kahl, K.-H. Blotevogel and D. Gemsa, Microbial transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in aerobic soil columns, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 2651-2656 (1996).
5. J. E. Caton, C. H. Ho, R. T. Williams and W. H. Griest, Characterization of insoluble fractions of TNT transformed by composting, J. Environ. Sci. Health A 29, 659-670 (1994).
6. G. Dawel, M. Kästner, J. Michels, W. Poppitz, W. Günther and W. Fritsche, Structure of a laccase-mediated product of coupling of 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene to guaiacol, a model for coupling of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolites to a humic organic soil matrix, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 2560-2565 (1997).
7. J. V. Dilley, C. A. Tyson, R. J. Spanggord, D. P. Sasmore, G. W. Newell and J. C. Dacre, Short-term oral toxicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in mice, rats and dogs, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 9, 565-586 (1982).
8. O. Drzyzga, T. Gorontzy, A. Schmidt and K.-H. Blotevogel, Toxicity of explosives and related compounds to the luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri NRRL-B-11177, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 28, 229-235 (1995).
9. T. Gorontzy, O. Drzyzga, M. W. Kahl, D. Bruns-Nagel, J. Breitung, E. von Löw and K.-H. Blotevogel, Microbial degradation of explosives and related compounds, Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 20, 265-284 (1994).
10. W. H. Griest, R.L. Tyndall, A. J. Stewart, J. E. Caton, A. A. Vass, C. H. Ho and W. M. Caldwell, Chemical characterization and toxicological testing of windrow composts from explosives-contaminated sediments, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 14, 51-59 (1995).
11. 14C-xenobiotics by phanerochaete chrysosporium, Soil Biol. Biochem. 20, 425-429 (1988).
12. T. Held, G. Draude, F. R. J. Schmidt, A. Brokamp and K. H. Reis, Enhanced humification as an in-situ bioremediation technique for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated soils, Environ. Technol. 18, 479-487 (1997).
13. T. S. Hsu and R. Bartha, Interaction of pesticide-derived chloroaniline residues with soil organic matter, Soil Sci. 116, 444-452 (1974).
14. L. S. Hundal, P. J. Shea, S. D. Comfort, W. L. Powers and J. Singh, Long-term TNT sorption and bound residue formation in soil, J. Environ. Qual. 26, 896-904 (1997).
15. J. D. Isbister, G. L. Anspach, J. F. Kitchens and R. C. Doyle, Composting for decontamination of soils containing explosives, Microbiologica 7, 47-73 (1984).
16. 14C-Labeled anthracene and hexadecane in compost-manured soil, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 43, 1128-1135 (1995).
17. D. L. Kaplan and A. M. Kaplan, Mutagenicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by soils, Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 28, 33-38 (1982).
18. G. Koss, A. Lommel, I. Ollroge, I. Tesseraux, R. Haas and A. D. Kappos, Zur toxikologie der nitrotoluole und weiterer nitroaromaten aus rüstungsbedingten altlasten, Bundesgesundheitsblatt 32, 527-536 (1989).
19. T. A. Lewis, M. M. Ederer, R. L. Crawford and D. L. Crawford, Microbial transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, J. Ind. Micobiol. Biotechnol. 189, 89-96 (1997).
20. A. J. Palazzo and D. C. Leggett, Effect and disposition of TNT in terrestrial plants, J. Environ. Qual. 15, 49-52 (1986).
21. W. G. Palmer, J. R. Beaman, D. M. Walters and D. A. Creasia, Bioavailability of TNT residues in composts of TNT-contaminated soil, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 51, 97-108 (1997).
22. C. B. Price, J. M. Brannon and C. A. Hayes, Effect of redox potential and ph on TNT transformation in soil-water slurries, J. Environ. Engineer. 123, 988-992 (1997).
23. P. G. Rieger and H.-J. Knackmuss, Basic knowledge and perspectives on biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and related nitroaromatic compounds in contaminated soil. In Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds (Edited by J. C. Spain), pp 1-18. Environ. Res. Ser. 49. Plenum Press, New York (1995).
24. M. J. R. Shannon and R. Bartha, Immobilization of leachable toxic soil pollutants by using oxidative enzymes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54, 1719-1723 (1988).
25. L. A. Smock, D. L. Stoneburner and J. R. Clark, The toxic effects of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its primary degradation products on two species of algae and the fathead minnow, Water Res. 10, 537-543 (1976).
26. J. C. Spain, Biodegradation of nitroaromatic compounds, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 49, 523-555 (1995).
27. K. Tatsumi, A. Freyer, R. D. Minard and J. M. Bollag, Enzyme-mediated coupling of 3,4-dichloroaniline and ferulic acid: A model for pollutant binding to humic materials, Environ. Sci. Technol. 28, 210-215 (1994).
28. K. A. Thorn, W. S. Goldenberg, S. J. Younger and E. J. Weber, Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. In Humic and Fulvic Acids: Isolation, Structure, and Environmental Role (Edited by J. S. Gaffney, N. A. Marley and S. B. Clark), Chap. 19. ACS Symposium Series 651 (1996).
29. 15N NMR studies of nucleophilic addition reactions, Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 2764-2775 (1996).
30. P. G. Thorne and D. C. Leggett, Hydrolytic release of bound residues from composted soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 16, 1132-1134 (1997).
31. W. D. Won, L. H. DiSalvo and J. Ng, Toxicity and mutagenicity of 2.4,6-trinitritoluene and its microbial metabolites, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 31, 576-580 (1976).