Silicic volcanism: An undervalued component of large igneous provinces and volcanic rifted margins

Special Paper of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 362, Issue , 2002, Pages 97-118

  Bryan, Scott E ^a   Riley, Teal R ^b   Jerram, Dougal A ^c   Stephens, Christopher J ^d   Leat, Philip T ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^b BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^c DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^d Resource Service Group Pty Ltd   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLOODS; GEOCHEMISTRY; HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES; MELTING; STRATIGRAPHY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TECTONICS; VOLCANOES;

BASALT GEOCHEMISTRY; COLLAPSE STRUCTURES; CONTINENTAL BREAK-UP; CONTINENTAL FLOOD BASALT; CONTINENTAL MARGIN; LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES; LITHOSPHERIC EXTENSION; NORTH ATLANTIC IGNEOUS PROVINCE;

BASALT;

ARCHEAN; CONTINENTAL BREAKUP; CRATON; CRETACEOUS; DENUDATION; DIKE SWARM; EMPLACEMENT; EXPLOSIVE VOLCANISM; FLOOD BASALT; JURASSIC; LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE; MAGMATISM; RHYOLITE; RIFT ZONE; SILICIFICATION;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTH); MEXICO [NORTH AMERICA]; SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL; SIERRA MADRE [MEXICO];

EID: 41149099649     PISSN: 00721077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1130/0-8137-2362-0.97     Document Type: Article

References (176)

1. Albrecht, A., and Goldstein, S.L., 2000, Effects of basement composition and age on silicic magmas across an accreted terrane-Precambrian crust boundary, Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 13, p. 255-273.
2. Allen, C.M., Williams, I.S., Stephens, C.J., and Fielding, C.R., 1998, Granite genesis and basin formation in an extensional setting: The magmatic history of the northernmost New England Orogen: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 45, p. 875-888. (Pubitemid 29070572)
3. Allsopp, H.L., Manton, W.I., Bristow, J.W., and Erlank, A.J., 1984, Rb-Sr geochronology of Karoo felsic volcanics, in Erlank, A.J., ed., Petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks of the Karoo Province: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 13, p. 273-280.
4. Anderson, D.L., 1999, A theory of the earth: Hutton and Humpty Dumpty and Holmes, in Craig, G.Y., and Hull, J.H., eds., James Hutton-Present and future: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 150, p. 13-35.
5. Aragón, E., Rodriguez, A.M.I., and Benialgo, A., 1996, A calderas field at the Marifil Formation, new volcanogenic interpretation, Norpatagonian massif, Argentina: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 9, p. 321-328.
6. Baker, J., Snee, L., and Menzies, M., 1996a, A brief Oligocene period of flood volcanism in Yemen: Implications for the duration and rate of continental flood volcanism at the Afro-Arabian triple junction: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 138, p. 39-55.
7. Baker, J.A., Thirlwall, M.F., and Menzies, M.A., 1996b, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic and trace element evidence for crustal contamination of plume-derived flood basalts: Oligocene flood volcanism in western Yemen. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 60, p. 2559-2581.
8. Bell, B.R., and Emeleus, C.H., 1988, A review of silicic pyroclastic rocks of the British Tertiary Volcanic Province, in Morton, A.C., and Parson, L.M., eds., Early Tertiary volcanism and the opening of the NE Atlantic: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 39, p. 365-379.
9. Bell, B.R., Williamson, I.T., Head, F.E., and Jolley, D.W., 1996, On the origin of a reddened interflow bed within the Palaeocene lava field of north Skye: Scottish Journal of Geology, v. 32, p. 117-126. (Pubitemid 126610577)
10. Best, M.G., and Christiansen, E.H., 1991, Limited extension during peak Tertiary volcanism, Great Basin of Nevada and Utah: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 13509-13528.
11. Blattner, P., and Reid, F.W., 1982, The origin of lavas and ignimbrites of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand in light of oxygen isotope data: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 46, p. 1417-1429.
12. Bristow, J.W., Allsopp, H.L., Erlank, A.J., Marsh, J.S., and Armstrong, R.A., 1984, Strontium isotope characterization of Karoo volcanic rocks, in Erlank, A.J., ed., Petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks of the Karoo Province: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 13, p. 295-329.
13. Brown, S.J.A., Wilson, C.J.N., Cole, J.W., and Wooden, J., 1998, The 340 ka Whakamaru-group ignimbrites, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Geochemical evidence for non-sequential tapping of a zoned silicic magmatic system: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 84, p. 1-37. (Pubitemid 29126206)
14. Bryan, S.E., Constantine, A.E., Stephens, C.J., Ewart, A., Schön, R.W., and Parianos, J., 1997, Early Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary successions along the eastern Australian continental margin: Implications for the break-up of eastern Gondwana: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 153, p. 85-102. (Pubitemid 127435521)
15. Bryan, S.E., Ewart, A., Stephens, C.J., Parianos, J., and Downes, P.J., 2000, The Whitsunday Volcanic Province, central Queensland, Australia: Lithological and stratigraphic investigations of a silicic-dominated large igneous province: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 99, p. 55-78. (Pubitemid 30467356)
16. Cameron, K.L., and Hanson, G.N., 1982, Rare earth element evidence concerning the origin of voluminous mid-Tertiary rhyolitic ignimbrites and related volcanic rocks, SMO, Chihuahua, Mexico: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 46, p. 1489-1503.
17. Cameron, M., Bagby, W.C., and Cameron, K.L., 1980, Petrogenesis of voluminous mid-Tertiary ignimbrites of the Sierra Madre Occidental: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 74, p. 271-284.
18. Campbell, I.H., and Griffiths, R.W., 1990, Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 99, p. 79-93.
19. Capaldi, G., Chisea, S., Manetti, P., Ortsi, G., and Poli, G., 1987, Tertiary anorogenic granites of the western border of the Yemen Plateau: Lithos, v. 20, p. 433-444.
20. Carey, S., and Sigurdsson, H., 1989, The intensity of plinian eruptions: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 51, p. 28-40.
21. Chazot, G., and Bertrand, H., 1995, Genesis of silicic magmas during Tertiary continental rifting in Yemen: Lithos, v. 36, p. 69-83. (Pubitemid 26459121)
22. Chernet, T., Hart, W.K., Aronson, J.L., and Walter, R.C., 1998, New age constraints on the timing of volcanism and tectonism in the northern Main Ethiopian Rift-southern Afar transition zone (Ethiopia): Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 80, p. 267-280. (Pubitemid 28415877)
23. Chesley, J.T., and Ruiz, J., 1998, Crust-mantle interaction in large igneous provinces: Implications from the Re-Os isotope systematics of the Columbia River flood basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 154, p. 1-11.
24. Chung, S.-L., and Jahn B., 1995, Plume-lithosphere interaction in generation of the Emeishan flood basalts at the Permian-Triassic boundary: Geology, v. 23, p. 889-892.
25. Chung, S.-L., Jahn, B., Genyao, W., Lo, C.-H., and Bolin, C., 1998, The Emeishan flood basalt in SW China: A mantle plume initiation model a nd its connection with continental break-up and mass extinction at the Permo-Triassic boundary, in Flower, M.F.J., ed., Mantle dynamics and plate interactions in East Asia: American Geophysical Union, Geodynamics, v. 27, p. 47-58.
26. Clarke, D.E., Paine, A.G.L., and Jensen, A.R., 1971, Geology of the Proserpine 1:250 000 sheet area, Queensland: Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics Report 144, 98 p.
27. Clemson, J., Cartwright, J., and Swart, R., 1999, The Namib Rift: A rift system of possible Karoo age, offshore Namibia, in Cameron, N., Bate, R., and Clure, V., eds., The oil and gas habitats of the South Atlantic: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 153, p. 381-402. (Pubitemid 30025192)
28. Cleverly, R.W., 1979, The volcanic geology of the Lebombo monocline in Swaziland: Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, v. 82, p. 227-230.
29. Cleverly, R.W., Betton, P.J., and Bristow, J.W., 1984, Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Lebombo rhyolites, in Petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks of the Karoo Province: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 13, p. 171-195.
30. Coffin, M.F., and Eldholm, O., 1992, Volcanism and continental break-up: A global compilation of large igneous provinces, in Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., eds., Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, p. 17-30. (Pubitemid 23387241)
31. Coffin, M.F., and Eldholm, O., 1994, Large igneous provinces: Crustal structure, dimensions, and external consequences: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 32, p. 1-36.
32. Cole, J.W., 1981, Genesis of lavas of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, North Island, New Zealand: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 10, 317-337.
33. Cole, J.W., 1990, Structural control and origin of volcanism in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 52, p. 445-459.
34. Colwell, J.B., Symonds, P.A., and Crawford, A.J., 1994, The nature of the Wallaby (Cuvier) Plateau and other igneous provinces of the west Australian margin: Australian Geological Survey Organisation, AGSO Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, v. 15/1, p. 137-156. (Pubitemid 24427530)
35. Conrad, W.K., Nicholls, I.A., and Wall, V.J., 1988, Water-saturated and - undersaturated melting of metaluminous crustal compositions at 10 kb: Evidence for the origin of silicic magmas in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand and other occurrences: Journal of Petrology, v. 29, p. 765-803.
36. Cox, K.G., 1983, The Karoo province of southern Africa: Origin of trace element enrichment patterns, in Hawkesworth, C.J., and Norry, M.J., eds., Continental basalts and mantle xenoliths: Nantwich, UK, Shiva, p. 139-157.
37. Cox, K.G., 1993, Continental magmatic underplating, in Cox, K.G., McKenzie, D.P., and White, R.S., eds., Melting and melt movement in the earth: Oxford, Oxford University Press, p. 155-166. (Pubitemid 23390943)
38. Creaser, R.A., and White, A.J.R., 1991, Yardea Dacite: Large volume, high temperature felsic volcanism from the Middle Proterozoic of South Australia: Geology, v. 19, p. 48-51.
39. Cummings, M.L., Evans, J.G., Ferns, M.L., and Lees, K.R., 2000, Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the middle Miocene synvolcanic Oregon-Idaho graben: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, p. 668-682. (Pubitemid 32828175)
40. Davidson, A., and Rex, D.C., 1980, Age of volcanism and rifting in southwestern Ethiopia: Nature, v. 283, p. 657-658. (Pubitemid 10252678)
41. Davis, J.M., Elston, W.E., and Hawkesworth, C.J., 1993, Basic and intermediate volcanism of the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field: Implications for mid-Tertiary tectonic transitions in southwestern New Mexico, USA, in Prichard, H.M., Alabaster, T., Harris, N.B.W., and Neary, C.R., eds., Magmatic processes and plate tectonics: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 76, p. 469-488. (Pubitemid 24422047)
42. Devey, C.W., and Stephens, W.E., 1992, Deccan-related magmatism west of the Seychelles-India rift, in Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., eds., Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, p. 271-291. (Pubitemid 23387282)
43. Dickin, A.P., and Exley, R.A., 1981, Isotopic and geochemical evidence for magma mixing in the petrogenesis of the Coire Uagneich Granophyre, Isle of Skye, N.W. Scotland: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 98-108.
44. Duncan, A.R., Erlank, A.J., and Marsh, J.S., 1984, Regional geochemistry of the Karoo Igneous Province: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 13, p. 355-388.
45. Duncan, R.A., and Pyle, D.G., 1988, Rapid eruption of the Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary: Nature, v. 333, p. 841-843.
46. Duncan, R.A., Hooper, P.R., Rehacek, J., Marsh, J.S., and Duncan, A.R., 1997, The timing and duration of the Karoo igneous event, southern Gondwana:Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, no. B8, p. 18127-18138.
47. Ebinger, C.J., Yemane, T., Woldegabriel, G., Aronson, J.L., and Walter, R.C., 1993, Late Eocene-Recent volcanism and faulting in the southern main Ethiopian rift. Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 150, p. 99-108. (Pubitemid 23388531)
48. Ebinger, C.J., Yemane, T., Harding, D.J., Tesfaye, S., Kelley, S., and Rex, D.C., 2000, Rift deflection, migration and propagation: Linkage of the Ethiopian and eastern rifts, Africa: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, p. 163-176. (Pubitemid 32828193)
49. Eby, G.N., Krueger, H.W., and Creasy, J.W., 1992, Geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of the White Mountain batholith, New Hampshire: Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, p. 379-397.
50. Eldholm, O., and Grue, K., 1994, North Atlantic volcanic margins: Dimensions and production rates: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 2955-2968. (Pubitemid 24425239)
51. Eldholm, O., Thiede, J., and Taylor, E., 1987, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Results, Leg 104: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, 783 p.
52. Ellam, R.M., Carlson, R.W., and Shirey, S.B., 1992, Evidence from Re-Os isotopes for plume-lithosphere mixing in Karoo flood basalt genesis: Nature, v. 359, p. 718-721. (Pubitemid 23386246)
53. Elliot, D.H., 1992, Jurassic magmatism and tectonism associated with Gondwanaland break-up: An Antarctic perspective, in Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., eds., Magmatism and the causes of continental breakup: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, p. 165-184. (Pubitemid 23387258)
54. Elliot, D.H., 2000, Stratigraphy of Jurassic pyroclastic rocks in the Transantarctic Mountains: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 77, p. 77-89.
55. Elston, W., 1984, Subduction of young oceanic lithosphere and extensional orogeny in southwestern North America during mid-Tertiary time: Tectonics, v. 3, p. 229-250.
56. Emeleus, C.H., Wadsworth, W.J., and Smith, N.J., 1985, The early igneous and tectonic history of the Rhum Tertiary Volcanic Centre: Geological Magazine, v. 122, p. 451-457.
57. Emeleus, C.H., Allwright, E.A., Kerr, A.C., and Williamson, I.T., 1996, Red tuffs in the Palaeocene lava successions of the Inner Hebrides: Scottish Journal of Geology, v. 32, p. 83-89.
58. Encarnación, J., Fleming, T.H., Elliot, D.H., and Eales, H.V., 1996, Synchronous emplacement of Ferrar and Karoo dolerites and the early breakup of Gondwana: Geology, v. 24, p. 535-538.
59. Ewart, A., 1979, A review of the mineralogy and chemistry of Tertiary-Recent dacitic, latitic, rhyolitic, and related salic volcanic rocks, in Barker, F., ed., Trondhjemites, dacites, and related rocks: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 13-121.
60. Ewart, A., and Stipp, J.J., 1968, Petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks of the central North Island, New Zealand, as indicated by a study of Sr87/Sr86 ratios, and Sr, Rb, K, U and Th abundances: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 32, p. 699-735.
61. Ewart, A., Schön, R.W., and Chappell, B.W., 1992, The Cretaceous volcanicplutonic province of the central Queensland (Australia) coast: A rift related "calc-alkaline" province: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 83, p. 327-345. (Pubitemid 23385448)
62. Ewart, A., Milner, S.C., Armstrong, R.A., and Duncan, A.R., 1998a, Etendeka volcanism of the Goboboseb Mountains and Messum Igneous Complex, Namibia. 2. Voluminous quartz latite volcanism of the Awahab magma system: Journal of Petrology, v. 39, no. 2, p. 227-253.
63. Ewart, A., Milner, S.C., Armstrong, R.A., and Duncan, A.R., 1998b, Etendeka volcanism of the Goboboseb Mountains and Messum Igneous Complex, Namibia. 1. Geochemical evidence of Early Cretaceous Tristan plume melts and the role of crustal contamination in the Paranà-Etendeka CFB: Journal of Petrology, v. 39, no. 2, p. 191-225.
64. Fanning, C.M., Flint, R.B., Parker, A.J., Ludwig, K.R., and Blisset, A.H., 1988, Refined Proterozoic evolution of the Gawler Craton, South Australia, through U-Pb zircon geochronology: Precambrian Research, v. 40/41, p. 363-386.
65. Faure, G., and Hill, R.L., 1973, Age of the Falla Formation (Triassic), Queen Alexandra Range: Antarctic Journal of the United States, v. 8, no. 5, p. 264-266.
66. Féraud, G., Alric, V., Fornari, M., Bertrand, H., and Haller M., 1999, 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Jurassic volcanic province of Patagonia: Migrating magmatism related to Gondwana break-up and subduction: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 172, p. 83-96. (Pubitemid 30034265)
67. Fitton, J.G., James, D., Kempton, P.D., Ormerod, D.S., and Leeman, W.P., 1988, Role of lithospheric mantle in the generation of Late Cenozoic basic magmas in the western U.S., in Menzies, M.A., and Cox, K.G., eds., Oceanic and continental lithosphere: Similarities and differences: Journal of Petrology Special Volume, p. 331-349.
68. Frey, F.A., McNaughton, N.J., Nelson, D.R., deLaeter, J.R., and Duncan, R.A., 1996, Petrogenesis of the Bunbury Basalt, Western Australia: Interaction between the Kerguelen plume and Gondwana lithosphere?: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 144, p. 163-183.
69. Frey, F.A., Nicolaysen K., Weis, D., Wallace, P.J., and Leg 183 Shipboard Scientific Party, 2000, Origin and evolution of a submarine large igneous province: The Kerguelen Plateau and Broken Ridge, southern Indian Ocean: Penrose 2000 Volcanic Rifted Margins, Royal Holloway Campus, University of London, Department of Geology, Abstracts, p. 25.
70. Gamble, J.A., Smith, I.E.M., McCulloch, M.T., Graham, I.J., and Kokelaar, B.P., 1993, The geochemistry and petrogenesis of basalts from the Taupo Volcanic Zone and Kermadec Island Arc, S.W. Pacific: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 54, p. 265-290. (Pubitemid 23388988)
71. Garland, F., Hawkesworth, C.J., and Mantovani, S.M., 1995, Description and petrogenesis of the Paranà rhyolites, southern Brazil: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p. 1193-1227. (Pubitemid 26459110)
72. George, R., Rogers, N., and Kelley, S., 1998, Earliest magmatism in Ethiopia: Evidence for two mantle plumes in one flood basalt province: Geology, v. 26, p. 923-926. (Pubitemid 29139666)
73. Giles, C.W., 1988, Petrogenesis of the Proterozoic Gawler Range Volcanics, South Australia: Precambrian Research, v. 40/41, p. 407-427.
74. Graham, I.J., Gulson, B.L., Hedenquist, J.W., and Mizon, K., 1992, Petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand in the light of new lead isotope data: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, p. 2797-2819.
75. Hames, W.E., Renne, P.R., and Ruppel, C., 2000, New evidence for geologically instantaneous emplacement of earliest Jurassic central Atlantic magmatic province basalts on the North American margin: Geology, v. 28, p. 859-862.
76. Hamilton, M.A., Pearson, D.G., Thompson, R.N., Kelley, S.P., and Emeleus, C.H., 1998, Rapid eruption of Skye lavas inferred from precise U-Pb and Ar-Ar dating of the Rum and Cuillin plutonic complexes: Nature, v. 394, p. 260-263. (Pubitemid 28335033)
77. Harris, C., 1995, The oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Karoo and Etendeka volcanic provinces of southern Africa: South African Journal of Geology,v. 98, p. 126-139. (Pubitemid 26457155)
78. Harris, C., and Erlank, A.J., 1992, The production of large-volume, low 18O rhyolites during the rifting of Africa and Antarctica: The Lebombo Monocline, southern Africa: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, p. 3561-3570. (Pubitemid 23385305)
79. Harris, C., and Milner, S., 1997, Crustal origin for the Paranà rhyolites: Discussion of "Description and petrogenesis of the Paranà rhyolites, southern Brazil" by Garland et al. (1995): Journal of Petrology, v. 38, p. 299-302.
80. Harris, C., Whittingham, A.M., Milner, S.C., and Armstrong, R.A., 1990, Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Karoo and Etendeka volcanic provinces of southern Africa: South African Journal of Geology, v. 98, p. 126-139. (Pubitemid 26457155)
81. Hawkesworth, C., Mantovani, M., and Peate, D., 1988, Lithosphere remobilisation during Paranà CFB magmatism, in Menzies, M.A., and Cox, K.G., eds., Oceanic and continental lithosphere: Similarities and differences: Journal of Petrology Special Volume, p. 205-223.
82. Hay, R.L., Hildreth, W., and Lambe, R.N., 1979, Globule ignimbrite of Mount Suswa, Kenya, in Chapin, C.E., and Elston, W.E., eds., Ash flow tuffs: Geological Society of America Special Paper 180, p. 167-175.
83. Heatherington, A.L., and Mueller, P.A., 1991, Geochemical evidence for Triassic rifting in southwestern Florida: Tectonophysics, v. 188, p. 291-302.
84. Heatherington, A.L., Mueller, P.A., and Nutman, A.P., 1999, A Jurassic granite from southern Georgia, U.S.A.: Silicic, extension-related magmatism along the southeastern coastal plain: Journal of Geology, v. 107, p. 375-384. (Pubitemid 30005465)
85. Heister, L.E., O'Day, P.A., Brooks, C.K., Neuhoff, P.S., and Bird, D.K., 2001, Pyroclastic deposits within the East Greenland tertiary flood basalts: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 158, p. 269-284. (Pubitemid 32997115)
86. Hochstein, M.P., Smith, I.E.M., Regenauer-Leib, K., and Ehara, S., 1993, Geochemistry and heat transfer processes in Quaternary rhyolitic systems of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Tectonophysics, v. 223, p. 13-235.
87. Hofmann, C., Féraud, G., and Courtillot, V., 2000, 40Ar/39Ar dating of mineral separates and whole rocks from the western Ghats lava pile: Further constraints on duration and age of the Deccan Traps: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 180, p. 13-27. (Pubitemid 30613688)
88. Hofmann, C., Courtillot, V., Féraud, G., Rochette, P., Yirgu, G., Ketefo, E., and Pik, R., 1997, Timing of the Ethiopian flood basalt event and implications for plume birth and global change: Nature, v. 389, p. 838-841. (Pubitemid 27462975)
89. Holcombe, R.J., Stephens, C.J., Fielding C.R., Gust, D.A., Little, T.A., Sliwa, R., McPhie, J., and Ewart, A., 1997, Tectonic evolution of the northern New England fold belt: Carboniferous to Early Permian transition from accretion to extension: Geological Society of Australia Special Publication 19, p. 66-79.
90. Hooper, P.R., 1997, The Columbia River Flood Basalt Province: Current status, in Mahoney, J.J., and Coffin, M.F., eds., Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, p.1-27.
91. Houghton, B.F., Wilson, C.J.N., McWilliams, M.O., Lanphere, M.A., Weaver, S.D., Briggs, R.M., and Pringle, M.S., 1995, Chronology and dynamics of a large silicic magmatic system: Central Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Geology, v. 23, p. 13-16.
92. Huppert, H.E., and Sparks, R.S.J., 1988, The generation of granitic magmas by intrusion of basalt into continental crust: Journal of Petrology, v. 29, p. 599-624.
93. Jerram, D.A., and Robbe, O., 2001, Building a 3-D geologic model of a Flood Basalt: An example from the Etendeka, NW Namibia: Electronic Geoscience, v. 6, no. 1.
94. Jerram, D.A., Mountney, N., Holzförster, F., and Stollhofen, H., 1999a, Internal stratigraphic relationships in the Etendeka Group in the Huab Basin, NW Namibia: Understanding the onset of flood volcanism: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 28, p. 393-418. (Pubitemid 30034037)
95. Jerram, D.A., Mountney, N., and Stollhofen, H., 1999b, Facies architecture of the Etjo Sandstone Formation and its interaction with the basal Etendeka flood basalts of NW Namibia: Implications for offshore analogues, in Cameron, N., Bate, R., and Clure, V., eds., The oil and gas habitats of the South Atlantic: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 153, p. 367-380. (Pubitemid 30025191)
96. Jerram, D.A., Mountney, N., Howell, J., Long, D., and Stollhofen, H., 2000, Death of a sand sea: An active erg systematically buried by the Etendeka flood basalts of NW Namibia: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 157, p. 513-516. (Pubitemid 30309281)
97. Johnson, R.W., editor, 1989, Intraplate volcanism in Eastern Australia and New Zealand: Sydney, Cambridge University Press, p. 1-408.
98. Kampunzu, A.B., and Mohr, P., 1991, Magmatic evolution and petrogenesis in the East African Rift system, in Kampunzu, A.B., and Lubala, R.T., eds., Magmatism in extensional structural settings: The Phanerozoic African Plate: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 85-136.
99. Kampunzu, A.B., and Popoff, M., 1991, Distribution of the main Phanerozoic African rifts and associated magmatism: Introductory notes, in Kampunzu, A.B., and Lubala, R.T., eds., Magmatism in extensional structural settings: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 2-10.
100. Kenea, N.H., Ebinger, C.J., and Rex, D.C., 2001, Late Oligocene volcanism and extension in the southern Red Sea Hills, Sudan: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 158, p. 285-294. (Pubitemid 33001899)
101. Kent, W., Saunders, A.D., Kempton, P.D., and Ghose, N.C., 1997, Rajmahal Basalts, eastern India: Mantle sources and melt distribution at a volcanic rifted margin, in Mahoney, J.J, and Coffin M.F., eds., Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, p. 145-182.
102. Keszthelyi, L., and Self, S., 1998, Some physical requirements for the emplacement of long basaltic lava flows: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, no. B11, p. 27447-27464. (Pubitemid 128664682)
103. Kirstein, L.A., Peate, D.W., Hawkesworth, C.J., Turner, S.P., Harris, C., and Mantovani, M., 2000, Early Cretaceous basaltic and rhyolitic magmatism in southern Uruguay associated with the opening of the South Atlantic: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1413-1438.
104. Larsen, H.C., Saunders, A.D., and Clift, P.D., 1995, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Results, Leg 152: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, 975 p.
105. Le Maitre, R.W., editor, 1989, A classification of igneous rocks and glossary of terms, in Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the systematics of igneous rocks: Oxford, Blackwell, 193 p.
106. Leeman, W.P., 1982, Development of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone Plateau Province, Idaho and Wyoming: An overview and petrologic model, in Bonnichsen, B., and Breckenridge, R.M., eds., Cenozoic geology of Idaho: Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin, v. 26, p. 155-177.
107. Levitte, D., Columbia, J., and Mohr, P., 1974, Reconnaisance geology of the Amaro Horst, southern Ethiopian rift: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 85, p. 417-422.
108. Lightfoot, P.C., Hawkesworth, C.J., and Sethna, S.F., 1987, Petrogenesis of rhyolites and trachytes from the Deccan Trap: Sr, Nd and Pb isotope and trace element evidence: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 95, p. 44-54.
109. Lipman, P.W., 1984, The roots of ash flow calderas in western North America: Windows into the tops of granite batholiths: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 89, p. 8801-8841.
110. Lipman, P.W., and Glazner, A.F., 1991, Introduction to Middle Tertiary cordillerian volcanism: Magma sources and relations to regional tectonics: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 13193-13199.
111. McCulloch, M.T., Kyser, T.K., Woodhead, J.D., and Kinsley, L., 1994, Pb-Sr-Nd-O isotopic constraints on the origin of rhyolites from the Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand: Evidence for assimilation followed by fractionation from basalt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 115, p. 303-312. (Pubitemid 24424664)
112. McDowell, F.W., and Clabaugh, S.E., 1979, Ignimbrites of the Sierra Madre Occidental and their relation to the tectonic history of western Mexico: Geological Society of America Special Paper 180, p. 113-124.
113. McPhie, J., Allen, S.R., and Simpson, C., 2000, Extensive felsic lavas in intraplate volcanic provinces: Geological Society of Australia, Abstracts, v. 59, p. 328.
114. Mahoney, J.J., 1988, Deccan traps, in Macdougall, J.D., ed., Continental flood basalts: Dordrecht, Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 151-194.
115. Mahoney, J.J., and Coffin, M.F., 1997, Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, 438 p.
116. Marsh, J.S., and Eales, H.V., 1984, The chemistry and petrogenesis of igneous rocks of the Karoo central area, southern Africa, in Erlank, A.J., ed., Petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks of the Karoo Province: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 13, p. 27-67.
117. Marsh, J.S., Ewart, A., Milner, S.C., Duncan, A.R., and Miller, R.McG., 2001, The Etendeka Igneous Province: Magma types and their stratigraphic distribution with implications for the evolution of the Paranà-Etendeka Flood Basalt Province: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 62, p. 464-486. (Pubitemid 34085498)
118. Martin, H., Mathias, M, and Simpson, E.S.W., 1960, The Damaraland sub-volcanic ring complexes in south west Africa, in Sorgenfrei, T., ed., Report of the International Geological Congress 21 Session 13: Copenhagen, Norden, p. 156-174.
119. Marzoli, A., Renne, P.R., Piccirillo, E.M., Ernesto, M., Bellieni, G., and De Min, A., 1999, Extensive 200-million-year-old continental flood basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province: Science, v. 284, p. 616-618. (Pubitemid 29289581)
120. Meighan, I.G., Fallick, A.E., and McCormick A.G., 1992, Anorogenic granite magma genesis: New isotopic data for the southern sector of the British Tertiary Igneous Province: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 83, p. 227-233. (Pubitemid 23385432)
121. Meighan, I.G., Gibson, D., and Hood, D.N., 1984, Some aspects of Tertiary acid magmatism in NE Ireland, in Walsh, J.N., ed., The origin of the igneous rocks of the Tertiary igneous province: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 48, p. 351-363.
122. Milner, S.C., 1988, The geology and geochemistry of the Etendeka Formation quartz latites, Namibia [Ph.D. thesis]: Cape Town, South Africa, University of Cape Town, 263 p.
123. Milner, S.C., and Ewart, A., 1989, The geology of the Goboboseb Mountain volcanics and their relationship to the Messum Complex, Namibia: Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia, v. 5, p. 31-40.
124. Milner, S.C., Duncan, A.R., and Ewart, A., 1992, Quartz latite rheoignimbrite flows of the Etendeka Formation, north-western Namibia: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 54, p. 200-219.
125. Milner, S.C., Duncan, A.R., Whittingham, A.M., and Ewart, A., 1995, Trans-Atlantic correlation of eruptive sequences and individual silicic volcanic units within the Paranà-Etendeka igneous province: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 69, p. 137-157. (Pubitemid 26468782)
126. Mitchell, W.I., Cooper, M.R., Hards, V.L., and Meighan, I.G., 1999, An occurrence of silicic volcanic rocks in the early Palaeogene Antrim Lava Group of Northern Ireland: Scottish Journal of Geology, v. 35, p. 179-185. (Pubitemid 30047379)
127. Mohr, P., 1983, Ethiopian flood basalt province: Nature, v. 303, p. 577-584.
128. Moore, C.L., Wallace, P., and ODP Leg 183 Shipboard Scientific Party, 2000, Products of explosive felsic volcanism within the basalt lava pile of the Kerguelen Plateau large igneous province, southern Indian Ocean: Geological Society of Australia, Abstracts, v. 59, p. 352.
129. Moore, I., and Kokelaar, P., 1998, Tectonically controlled piecemeal caldera collapse: A case study of Glencoe volcano, Scotland: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, p. 1448-1466. (Pubitemid 29085733)
130. Nieto-Samaniego, Á.F., Ferrari, L., Alaniz-Alvarez, S.A., Labarthe-Hernàndez, G., and Rosas-Elguera, J., 1999, Variation of Cenozoic extension and volcanism across the southern Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic province, Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, p. 347-363.
131. O'Sullivan, P.B., Kohn, B.P., and Cranfield, L., 1999, Fission track constraints on the Mesozoic to Recent thermotectonic history of the northern New England Orogen, southeastern Queensland: New England Orogen Conference Abstracts, Armidale, Australia, p. 285-293.
132. O'Sullivan, P.B., Kohn, B.P., Foster, D.A., and Gleadow, A.J.W., 1995, Fission track data from the Bathurst Batholith: Evidence for rapid Mid-Cretaceous uplift and erosion within the eastern highlands of Australia: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 42, p. 597-607. (Pubitemid 26460950)
133. Pankhurst, R.J., and Rapela, C.R., 1995, Production of Jurassic rhyolite by anatexis of the lower crust of Patagonia: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 134, p. 23-36. (Pubitemid 26455337)
134. Pankhurst, R.J., Leat, P.T., Sruoga, P., Rapela, C.W., Màrquez, M., Storey, B.C., and Riley, T.R., 1998, The Chon Aike silicic igneous province of Patagonia and related rocks in Antarctica: A silicic large igneous province: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 81, p. 113-136. (Pubitemid 28415813)
135. Pankhurst, R.J., Riley, T.R., Fanning, C.M., and Kelley, S.R., 2000, Episodic silicic volcanism along the proto-Pacific margin of Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula: Plume and subduction influences associated with the break-up of Gondwana: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 605-625. (Pubitemid 30239487)
136. Pearson D.G., Emeleus, C.H., and Kelley, S.P., 1996, Precise 40Ar/39Ar ages for the initiation of igneous activity in the Small Isles, Inner Hebrides and implications for the timing of magmatism in the British Tertiary Igneous Province: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 153, p. 815-818.
137. Preston, R.J., Bell, B.R., and Rogers, G., 1998a, The Loch Scridain xenolithic sill complex, Isle of Mull, Scotland: Fractional crystallisation, assimilation, magma-mixing and crustal anatexis in subvolcanic conduits: Journal of Petrology, v. 39, p. 519-550.
138. Preston, R.J., Hole, M.J., Still, J., and Patton, H., 1998b, The mineral chemistry and petrology of Tertiary pitchstones from Scotland: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 89, p. 95-111. (Pubitemid 29172654)
139. Rapp, R.P., and Watson, E.B., 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p. 891-932.
140. Renne, P.R., Glen, J.M., Milner, S.C., and Duncan, A.R., 1996, Age of Etendeka flood volcanism and associated intrusions in southwestern Africa: Geology, v. 24, p. 659-662.
141. Renne, P.R., Zichao, Z., Richards, M.A., Black, M.T., and Basu, A., 1995, Synchrony and causal relations between Permian-Triassic boundary crises and Siberian flood volcanism: Science, v. 269, p. 1413-1415.
142. Renne, P.R., Ernesto, M., Pacca, I.G., Coe, R.S., Glen, J.M., Prévot, M., and Richards, M.A., 1992, The age of the Paranà flood volcanism, rifting of Gondwanaland, and the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary: Science, v. 258, p. 975-979. (Pubitemid 23386395)
143. Riley, T.R., and Leat, P.T., 1999, Large volume silicic volcanism along the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana: Lithological and stratigraphical investigations from the Antarctic Peninsula: Geological Magazine, v. 136, p. 1-16.
144. Riley, T.R., Leat, P.T., Pankhurst, R.J., and Harris, C., 2001, Origins of large volume rhyolitic volcanism in the Antarctic Peninsula and Patagonia by crustal melting: Journal of Petrology, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1043-1065.
145. Roberts, M.P., and Clemens, J.D., 1993, Origin of high-potassium, calcalkaline, I-type granitoids: Geology, v. 21, p. 825-828. (Pubitemid 24419363)
146. Ruiz, J., Patchett, P.J., and Arculus, R.J., 1988, Nd-Sr isotope composition of lower crustal xenoliths: Evidence for the origin of mid-Tertiary felsic volcanics in Mexico: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 99, p. 36-43.
147. Saunders, A.D., Fitton, J.G., Kerr, A.C., Norry, M.J., and Kent, R.W., 1997, The North Atlantic Igneous Province, in Mahoney, J.J., and Coffin, M.F., eds., Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, p. 45-93.
148. Schmitt, A.K., Emmermann, R., Trumbull, R.B., Bühn B., and Henjes-Kunst, F., 2000, Petrogenesis and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Brandberg Complex, Namibia: Evidence for a major mantle contribution in metaluminous and peralkaline granites: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1207-1239. (Pubitemid 30613617)
149. Self, S., Thordarson, T., and Keszthelyi, L., 1997, Emplacement of continental flood basalt lava flows, in Mahoney, J.J, and Coffin M.F., eds., Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, p. 381-410.
150. Self, S., Thordarson, T., Keszthelyi, L., Walker, G.P.L., Hon, K., Murphy, M.T., Long, P., and Finnemore, S., 1996, A new model for the emplacement of Columbia River basalts as large, inflated pahoehoe lava flow fields: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 23, p. 2689-2692.
151. Sethna, S.F., and Battiwala, H.K., 1977, Chemical classification of the intermediate and acid rocks (Deccan Trap) of Salsette Island, Bombay: Journal of the Geological Society of India, v. 18, p. 323-330.
152. Sharma, M., 1997, Siberian traps, in Mahoney, J.J., and Coffin, M.F., eds., Large igneous provinces: Continental, oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 100, p. 273-295.
153. Sinton, C.W., Hitchen, K., and Duncan, R.A., 1998, 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of silicic and basic volcanic rocks on the margins of the North Atlantic: Geological Magazine, v. 135, p. 161-170. (Pubitemid 128556696)
154. Stephens, C.J., Ewart, A., Bryan, S., and Schön, R.W., 1995, Rift-related, largevolume silicic volcanism associated with Lower Cretaceous continental breakup, eastern Australia: Boulder, Colorado, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 21 General Assembly, Abstracts, p. A443.
155. Stern, T.A., 1985, A back-arc basin formed within continental lithosphere: The central volcanic region of New Zealand: Tectonophysics, v. 112, p. 385-409. (Pubitemid 15507033)
156. Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., editors, 1992, Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, 404 p.
157. Swanson, E.R., and McDowell, F.W., 1984, Calderas of the Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic field western Mexico: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 89, p. 8787-8799.
158. Swanson, D.A., Wright, T.H., and Helz, R.T., 1975, Linear vent systems and estimated rates of magma production and eruption for the Yakima basalt on the Columbia Plateau: American Journal of Science, v. 275, p. 877-905.
159. Sweeney, R.J., Duncan, A.R., and Erlank, A.J., 1994, Geochemistry and petrogenesis of central Lebombo basalts of the Karoo igneous province: Journal of Petrology, v. 35, p. 95-125. (Pubitemid 24424645)
160. Thordarson, T., and Self, S., 1998, The Rosa Member, Columbia River Basalt Group: A gigantic pahoehoe lava flow field formed by endogenous processes?: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, no. B11, p. 27411-27445. (Pubitemid 128664681)
161. Turner, S., Regelous, M., Kelley, S., Hawkesworth, C., and Mantovani, M., 1994, Magmatism and continental break-up in the South Atlantic: High precision 40Ar-39Ar geochronology: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 121, p. 333-348. (Pubitemid 24424723)
162. Ukstins, I.A., Baker, J., Al-Kadasi, M., Al-Subbary, A., Menzies, M., and Peate, D., 2000, Voluminous explosive silicic eruptions during Oligocene flood volcanism in Yemen: Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Geology, Penrose 2000 Volcanic Rifted Margins, Abstracts, p. 85.
163. Veevers, J.J., Powell, C.McA., and Roots, S.R., 1991, Review of seafloor spreading around Australia. 1. Synthesis of the patterns of spreading: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 38, p. 373-389.
164. Von Rad, U., and Thurow, J., 1992, Bentonitic clays as indicators of Early Neocomian post-breakup volcanism off northwest Australia, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Leg 122: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, p. 213-232.
165. Ward, P.L., 1991, On plate tectonics and the geologic evolution of southwestern North America: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 12479-12496.
166. Ward, P.L., 1995, Subduction cycles under western North America during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras, in Miller, D.M., Busby C., eds., Jurassic magmatism and tectonics of the North American Cordillera: Geological Society of America Special Paper 299, p. 1-45. (Pubitemid 26480358)
167. Wark, D.A., 1991, Oligocene ash flow volcanism, northern Sierra Madre Occidental: Role of mafic and intermediate-composition magmas in rhyolite genesis: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 13389-13411.
168. Watkeys, M.K., Meth, D.L., and Harmer, R.E., 2000, The Lebombo and the Rooi Rand dyke swarm, southern Africa: A volcanic margin without a plume?: Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Geology, Penrose 2000 Volcanic Rifted Margins, Abstracts, p. 86.
169. White, R.S., 1992, Magmatism during and after continental break-up, in Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., eds., Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, p. 1-16. (Pubitemid 23387240)
170. White, R.S., and McKenzie, D.P., 1989, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 7685-7729.
171. White, R.S., Spence, G.D., Fowler, S.R., McKenzie, D.P., Westbrook, G.K., and Bowen, A.N., 1987, Magmatism at rifted continental margins: Nature, v. 330, p. 439-444.
172. Widdowson, M., 1997, Tertiary palaeosurfaces of the SW Deccan, Western India: Implications for passive margin uplift, inWiddowson, M., ed., Palaeosurfaces: Recognition, reconstruction and palaeoenvironmental interpretation: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 120, p. 221-248.
173. Widdowson, M., Walsh, J.N., and Subbarao, K.V., 1997, The geochemistry of Indian bole horizons: Palaeoenvironmental implications of Deccan intravolcanic palaeosurfaces, in Widdowson, M., ed., Palaeosurfaces recognition, reconstruction, and palaeoenvironmental interpretation: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 120, p. 269-282.
174. Wilson, C.J.N., Houghton, B.F., McWilliams, M.O., Lanphere, M.A., Weaver, S.D., and Briggs, R.D., 1995, Volcanic and structural evolution of Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: A review: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 68, p. 1-28. (Pubitemid 26459142)
175. Wilson, C.J.N., Rogan, A.M., Smith, I.E.M., Northey, D.J., Nairn, I.A., and Houghton, B.F., 1984, Caldera volcanoes of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 89, p. 8463-8484. (Pubitemid 14646116)
176. Woldegabriel, G., Aronson, J.L., and Walter, R.C., 1990, Geology, geochronology, and rift basin development in the central sector of the Main Ethiopian Rift: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 102, p. 439-458.