The Columbia river flood basalt province: Current status

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 100, Issue , 1997, Pages 1-27

  Hooper, Peter R ^a  

^a WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85040236222     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/GM100p0001     Document Type: Chapter

References (132)

1. Anderson, J. L., The structural geology and ages of deformation of a portion of the southwest Columbia Plateau, Washington and Oregon, Ph.D. thesis, 283 pp., Univ. Southern California, Los Angeles, 1987.
2. Armstrong, R. L., W. H. Taubeneck, and P. O. Hales, Rb/Sr and K/Ar geochronometry of the Mesozoic granite rocks and their Sr isotope composition, Oregon, Washington and Idaho, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 88. 397-411, 1977.
3. Axelrod, D. I., Tertiary floras and topographic history of the Snake River basin, Idaho, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 79, 713-733, 1968.
4. Bailey, D. G., Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Miocene volcanic rocks in the Powder River Volcanic Field, northeastern Oregon, Ph.D. thesis, 341 pp., Washington State Univ., Pullman, 1990.
5. Bailey, M. M., Revisions to stratigraphie nomenclature of the Picture Gorge Basalt Subgroup, Columbia River Basalt group, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 67-84, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989a.
6. Bailey, M. M., Evidence for magma recharge and assimilation in the Picture Gorge Basalt Subgroup, Columbia River Basalt Group, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 343-356, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989b.
7. Baksi, A. K., Reevaluation of the timing and duration of extrusion of the Imnaha, Picture Gorge and Grande Ronde Basalts, Columbia River Basalt Group, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 105-112, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
8. Barrash, W., J. G. Bond, and R. Venkatakrishnan, Structural evolution of the Columbia Plateau in Washington and Oregon, Am. J. Sci, 283, 897-935, 1983.
9. 3He Plume origin for the Deccan flood basalts, Science, 261, 902-905, 1993.
10. Beeson, M. H., K. R. Fecht, S. P. Reidel, and T. L. Tolan, Regional correlations within the Frenchman Springs member of the Columbia River Basalt Group: New insights into the Middle Miocene tectonics of northwestern Oregon, Oreg. Geol., 47, 87-96, 1985.
11. Beeson, M. H., R. Perttu, and J. Perttu, The origin of the Miocene basalts of coastal Oregon and Washington: An alternative hypothesis, Oreg. Geol, 41, 159-166, 1979.
12. Bentley, R. D., and R. S. Cockerham, The stratigraphy of the Picture Gorge Basalt (PGB), north central Oregon, Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. with Programs, 5, 9, 1973.
13. Brandon, A. D., and G. G. Goles, A Miocene subcontinental plume in the Pacific Northwest: Geochemical evidence, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 88, 273-283, 1988.
14. Brandon, A. D., P. R. Hooper, G. G. Goles, and R. Lambert, Evaluating crustal contamination in continental basalts: the isotopic composition of the Picture Gorge Basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 114, 452-464, 1993.
15. Byerly, G., and D. A. Swanson, Invasive Columbia River basalt flows along the northwest margin of the Columbia Plateau, north-central Washington, Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Programs, 10, 98, 1978.
16. Camp, V. E., Mid-Miocene propagation of the Yellowstone mantle plume head beneath the Columbia River basalt source region, Geology, 23, 435-438, 1995.
17. Campbell, C. D., and S. I. Runcorn, Magnetization of the Columbia River basalt in Washington and north Oregon, J. Geophys. Res., 61, 449-458, 1951.
18. Campbell, I. H., and R. W. Griffiths, Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 99, 79-93, 1990.
19. Campbell, N. P., Structural and stratigraphic interpretation of rocks under the Yakima fold belt, Columbia Basin, based on recent surface mapping and well data, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 209-222, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
20. Carlson, R. W., Isotopic constraints on Columbia River flood basalt genesis and the nature of the subcontinental mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 2357-2372, 1984.
21. Carlson, R. W., Physical and chemical evidence on the cause and source characteristics of flood basalt volcanism, Aust. J. Earth Sci., 38. 525-544, 1991.
22. Carlson, R. W., and W. K. Hart, Crustal genesis on the Oregon Plateau, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 6191-6206, 1987.
23. Carlson, R. W., and W. K. Hart, Flood basalt volcanism in the Pacific Northwestern United States, in Continental Flood Basalts, edited by J. D. Macdougall, pp. 35-61, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1988.
24. Carlson, R. W., G. W. Lugmair, and J. D. Macdougall, Columbia River volcanism: the question of mantle heterogeneity or crustal contamination, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 2483-2499, 1981.
25. Chamberlain, V. E., and R. St. J. Lambert, Lead isotopes and the sources of the Columbia River Basalt Group, J. Geophys. Res.,99 11805-11818, 1994.
26. Choiniere, S. R., and D. A. Swanson, Magnetostratigraphy and correlation of Miocene basalts of the northwestern American coast and Columbia Plateau, Am. J. Sci., 279, 755-777, 1979.
27. Church, S. E., Genetic interpretation of lead-isotope data from the Columbia River Basalt group, Oregon, Washington and Idaho, Geol. Soc. Bull., 96. 676-690, 1985.
28. Draper, D. S., Late Cenozoic bimodal magmatism in the northern Basin and Range Province of southeastern Oregon, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 47, 299-328, 1991.
29. Duncan, R. A., Geochronology of basalts from the Nintyeast Ridge and continental dispersion in the eastern Indian Ocean, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 4, 283-305, 1978.
30. Duncan, R. A., and M. A. Richards, Hotspots, mantle plumes, flood deposits and true polar wander, Rev. Geophys., 29, 31, 1991.
31. Evans, J. G., Geology and mineral resources of the Jonesboro quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon, Oreg. Dept. Geol. Min. Ind., GMS-66, scale 1:24,000, 1990.
32. Fitton, J. G., D. James, P. D. Kempton, D. S. Omerod, and W. P. Leeman, The role of lithospheric mantle in the generation of late Cenozoic basic magmas in the western United States, in Oceanic and Continental Lithosphere: Similarities and Differences, Spec. Vol., edited by I. A. Menzies and K. G. Cox, pp. 331-350, Journal of Petrology, Oxford, 1988.
33. Fleck, R. J., and R. E. Criss, Strontium and oxygen isotope variations in Mesozoic and tertiary plutons of central Idaho, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 90, 291-308, 1985.
34. Fox, K. F., and M. E. Beck, Paleomagnetic results from Eocene volcanic rocks from northeastern Washington and the Tertiary tectonics of the Pacific Northwest. Tectonics, 4, 323-341, 1985.
35. Fruchter, J. S., and S. F. Baldwin, Correlations between dikes of the Monument swarm, central Oregon and Picture Gorge Basalt flows, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 86, 514-516, 1975.
36. Fuller, R. E., The aqueous chilling of basaltic lava on the Columbia River Plateau, Am. J. Sci., 21, 281-300, 1931.
37. Gehrels, G. E., The geology of the western half of the La Grande basin, northeastern Oregon, M.S. thesis, 97 pp., Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, 1981.
38. Geist, D., and M.A. Richards, Origin of the Columbia Plateau and Snake River Plain: Deflection of the Yellowstone plume, Geology, 21, 789-792, 1993.
39. Hart, W. K., and R. W. Carlson, Tectonic controls on magma genesis and evolution in the northwestern United States, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res, 32, 119-135, 1987.
40. H20 =5 kb as a function of oxygen fugacity, J. Petrol, 14, 249-302, 1973.
41. H20 =5 kb. Part II. Melt Compositions, J. Petrol, 17, 139-193, 1976.
42. Helz, R. T., and T. L. Wright, Inferred petrology of the source of the Yakima Basalt subgroup, (abstract), IAVCEI Meeting, Iceland, 1982.
43. Hergt, J. M., B. W. Chappell, M. T. McCulloch, I. McDougall, and A. R. Chivas, J. Petrol., 30, 841-883, 1989.
44. Ho, A., and K. V. Cashman, Geothermometry of the Ginkgo flow, Columbia River Basalt group, Eos Trans. AGU, 76, 46, Fall Meeting Suppl., p. F679, 1995.
45. Hon, K., J. Kauahikaua, R. Denlinger, and K. Mackay, Emplacement and inflation of Pahoehoe sheet flows -Observations and measurements of active lava flows on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106, 351-370, 1994.
46. Hooper, P. R., The Columbia River basalts, Science, 215, 1463-1468, 1982.
47. Hooper, P. R., Physical and chemical constraints on the evolution of the Columbia River basalt, Geology, 12, 495-499, 1984.
48. Hooper, P. R., A case of simple magma mixing in the Columbia River Basalt Group: the Wilbur Creek, Lapwai and Asotin flows, Saddle Mountains Formation, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 91, 66-73, 1985.
49. Hooper, P. R., The Columbia River Basalt, in Continental Flood Basalts, edited by J. D. Macdougall, pp. 1-33, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1988a.
50. Hooper, P. R., Crystal fractionation and recharge (RFC) in the American Bar flows of the Imnaha Basalt, Columbia River basalt group, J. Petrol., 29, 1097-1118, 1988b.
51. Hooper, P. R., The timing of crustal extension and the eruption of continental flood basalts, Nature, 345, 246-249, 1990.
52. Hooper, P. R., and V. E. Camp, Deformation of the southeast part of the Columbia Plateau, Geology, 9, 323-328, 1981.
53. Hooper, P. R., and R. M. Conrey, A model for the tectonic setting of the Columbia River Basalt eruptions, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 293-306, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
54. Hooper, P. R., and C. J. Hawkesworth, Isotopic and geochemical constraints on the origin and evolution of the Columbia River basalt, J. Petrol., 34, 1203-1246, 1993.
55. Hooper, P. R., and D. A. Swanson, The Columbia River Basalt group and associated volcanic rocks of the Blue Mountains Province, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1437, 63-99, 1990.
56. Hooper, P. R., C. R. Knowles, and N. D. Watkins, Magnetostratigraphy of the Imnaha and Grande Ronde Basalts in the southeast part of the Columbia Plateau, Am. J. Sci, 279, 737-745, 1979.
57. Hooper, P. R., W. D. Kleck, C. R. Knowles, S. P. Reidel, and R. L. Thiessen, Imnaha Basalt, Columbia River Basalt Group, J. Petrol., 25, 473-500, 1984.
58. Hooper, P. R., D. G. Bailey, and G. A. McCarley Holder, Tertiary calc-alkaline magmatism associated with lithospheric extension in the Pacific Northwest, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 10, 303-10, 319, 1995a.
59. Hooper, P. R., B. A. Gillespie, and M. E. Ross, The Eckler Mountain Basalts and associated flows, Columbia River Basalt group, Can. J. Earth Sci., 32, 410-423,1995b.
60. Hooper, P. R., C. J. Hawkesworth, K. Lees, M. Francis, J. Johnston, and B. Binger, The southern extension of the Columbia River basalts: Tectonic implications (abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 76, 46, Fall Meeting Suppl., F698, 1995c.
61. James, D. E., The combined use of oxygen and radiogenic isotopes as indicators of crustal contamination, Ann. Rev. Earth. Planet. Sci. 9, 311-344, 1981.
62. Kim, K., S. A. Dischler, J. R. Aggson, and M. P. Hardy, The state of in situ stresses determined by hydraulic fracturing at the Hanford site, Richland, Washington, Rockwell Hanford Operations Report RHO-BW-ST-73-P, 1986.
63. Kittleman, L. R., Guide to the geology of the Owyhee region of Oregon, Univ. Oreg. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull., 21, 45 pp., 1973.
64. Lambert, R. St J., V. E. Chamberlain, and J.G. Holland, Ferro-andesites in the Grande Ronde Basalt: their composition and significance in studies of the origin of the Columbia River Basalt group, Can. J. Earth Sci., 32, 424-436, 1995.
65. Lawrence, R. D., Strike-slip faulting terminates Basin and Range province in Oregon, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 87, 846-850, 1976.
66. Leeman, W. P. Radiogenic tracers applied to basalt genesis in the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone National Park region -evidence for a 2.7 B.Y. old upper mantle keel. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Prog., 7, 1165, 1975.
67. Lees, K. R., Magmatic and tectonic changes through time in the Neogenic volcanic rocks of the Vale area, Oregon, North Western USA. Ph.D. thesis, 284 pp., Open University, Milton Keynes, U.K., 1994.
68. Lindgren, W., The gold belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon, U.S. Geol. Surv. 22nd Ann. Rept., 551-776, 1901.
69. Lofgren, G. Experimental studies on the dynamic crystallization of silicate melts, in Physics of Magmatic Processes, edited by R. B. Hargraves, pp. 487-551, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J., 1980.
70. Long, P. E., and B. J. Wood, Structures, textures and cooling histories of Columbia River basalt flows, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 96, 1144-1155, 1986.
71. Macdougall, J. D., Continental flood basalts and MORB: A brief discussion of similarities and differences in their petrogenesis, in Continental Flood Basalts, edited by J. D. Macdougall, pp. 331-341, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1988.
72. Mankinen, E. A., E. E. Larson, C. H. Gromme, M. Prevot, and R. S. Coe, The Steens Mountain (Oregon) geomagnetic polarity transition 3. Its regional significance. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8057-8076, 1987.
73. Mann, G. M., Seismicity and late Cenozoic faulting in the Brownlee Dam area—Oregon-Idaho: A preliminary Report, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Report, 89-429, 46 pp., 1989.
74. Mann, G. M., and C. E. Meyer, Late Cenozoic structure and correlation to seismicity along the Olympic-Wallowa Lineament, northwestern United States, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 105, 853-871, 1993.
75. Marsh, J. S., and H. V. Eales, The chemistry and petrogenesis of igneous rocks of the Karoo Central Area, southern Africa, Geol. Soc. S. Afr. Spec. Publ. 13, 27-68, 1984.
76. Merriam, J. C., A contribution to the geology of the John Day basin, California Univ. Dept. Geol. Sciences Bull., 2, 269-314, 1901.
77. Mohl, G. B., and R. L. Thiessen, Gravity studies of an island arc -continent suture in west-central Idaho and adjacent Washington, in Geology of the Blue Mountains Region of Oregon, Idaho, and Washington: Petrology and Tectonic Evolution of Pre-Tertiary Rocks of the Blue Mountain Region, Prof. Pap. 1438, edited by T. L. Vallier and H. C. Brooks, pp. 497-516, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1995.
78. Morgan, W. J., Hotspot tracks and the opening of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, in The Sea, Vol. 7, edited by C. Emiliani, pp. 443-487, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1981.
79. Neim, A. R., and W. A. Neim, Oil and investigation of the Astoria basin, Clastop and northernmost Tillamook counties, northwest Oregon, Oil and Gas Investigations, 14, Oreg. Dept. Geol. Min. Ind., Oil Gas. Invest. 14, 1985.
80. Neim A. R., B. K. McKnight, and H. J. Meyer, Sedimentary, volcanic, and tectonic framework of forearc basins and the Mist gas field, northwest Oregon, in Geologic Field Trips in the Pacific Northwest, edited by D. A. Swanson and R. A. Haugerud, Annual Meeting, IF 1-42, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1994.
81. Neim, A. R., and W. A. Neim, Oil and investigation of the Astoria basin, Clastop and northernmost Tillamook counties, northwest Oregon, Oil and Gas Investigations, 14, Oreg. Dept. Geol. Min. Ind., Oil Gas. Invest. 14, 1985.
82. Osawa, M., and G. G. Goles, Trace element abundances in Columbia River basalts, in Proceedings, 2nd Columbia River Basalt Symposium, edited by E. H. Gilmour and D. Stradling, pp. 55-71, Eastern Washington State College Press, Cheney, 1970.
83. Pearce, J. A., The role of subcontinental lithosphere in magma genesis at active continental margins. In Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths, edited by C. J. Hawkesworth, and M. J. Norry, pp. 230-249, Shiva, Norwich, 1983.
84. Pfaff, V. J., and M. H. Beeson, Miocene basalt near Astoria, Oregon; Geophysical evidence for Columbia Plateau origin, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 143-156, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
85. Pierce, K. L., and L. A. Morgan, The track of the Yellowstone hot spot: Volcanism, faulting and uplift, Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 179, 1-53, 1992.
86. Prestvik, T., and G. Goles, Comments on petrogenesis and the tectonic setting of the Columbia River basalts, Earth Planet. Sci Lett., 72, 65-73, 1985.
87. Price, E. H., and A. J. Watkinson, Structural geometry and strain distribution within eastern Umtanum fold ridge, south-central Washington, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 265-282, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
88. Reidel, S. P., The Saddle Mountains -The evolution of an anticline in the Yakima fold belt, Am. J. Sci., 284, 942-978, 1984.
89. Reidel, S. P., and K. R. Fecht, The Huntzinger flow; evidence of surface mixing of the Columbia River basalt and its petrogenetic implications, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 98, 664-677, 1987.
90. Reidel, S. P., and T. L. Tolan, Eruption and emplacement of flood basalt: An example from the large-volume Teepee Butte Member, Columbia River Basalt Group, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 104, 1650-1671, 1992.
91. Reidel, S. P., and T. L. Tolan, Late Cenozoic structure and correlation to seismicity along the Olympic-Wallowa Lineament, northwestern United States: Discussion and reply, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106, 1634-1638, 1994.
92. Reidel, S. P., T. L. Tolan, P. R. Hooper, M. H. Beeson, K. R. Fecht, R. B. Bentley, and R. L. Anderson, The Grande Ronde Basalt, Columbia River basalt group; Stratigraphie descriptions and correlations in Washington, Oregon and Idaho, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 21-54, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
93. Reidel, S. P., N. P. Campbell, K. R. Fecht, and K. A. Lindsey, Late Cenozoic structure and stratigraphy of south-central Washington, in Regional Geology of Washington State, Bull. 80, pp. 159-180, Washington Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Olympia, 1994.
94. Renne, P. R., and A. R. Basu, Rapid eruption of Siberian Traps flood basalts at the Permo-Triassic boundary, Science, 253, 176-179, 1991.
95. Richards, M. A., R. A. Duncan, and V. E. Courtillot, Flood basalts and hotspot tracks: Plume heads and tales, Science, 246, 103-107, 1989.
96. Russell, I. C., A geological reconnaissance in central Washington, U.S. Geol. Surv Bull., 108, 108 pp., 1893.
97. Russell, I. C., Geology and water resources of Nez Perce County, Idaho, U.S. Geol. Surv. Water-Supply Paper, 53, 54 pp., 1901.
98. Rytuba, J. J., and E. H. McKee, Peralkaline ash-flow tuffs and calderas of the McDermitt volcanic field, southeast Oregon and north central Nevada, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 8616-8628, 1984.
99. Schmincke, H. -U. Fused tuff and pepperites in south-central Washington, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 78, 319-330, 1967a.
100. Schmincke, H. -U, Stratigraphy and petrography of four upper Yakima Basalt flows in south-central Washington, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 78, 1385-1422, 1967b.
101. Shaw, H. R., and D. A. Swanson, Eruption and flow rates of flood basalts, in Proceedings, 2nd Columbia River Basalt Symposium, edited by E. H. Gilmour and D. Stradling, pp. 271-299, Eastern Washington State College Press, Cheney, 1970.
102. Smith, A. D., Back-arc convection model for Columbia River basalt genesis, Tectonophysics, 207, 269-285, 1992.
103. Smith, G. O., Geology and water resources of a portion of Yakima County, Washington, U.S. Geol. Surv. Water Supply-Paper, 55, 68 pp., 1901.
104. Smith, G. O., Description of the Ellensberg quadrangle, Washington, U.S Geol. Surv. Geol. Atlas, Folio 86, 7 pp., 1903a.
105. Smith, G. O., Geology and physiography of central Washington, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap 19, 1-39, 1903b.
106. Snavely, P. D., N. S. MacLeod, and H. C. Wagner, Miocene tholeiitic basalts of coastal Oregon and Washington and their relations to coeval basalts of the Columbia Plateau, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 84, 387-424, 1973.
107. 39Ar chronicle of the tectonic development of the Salmon River suture zone, western Idaho, in Geology of the Blue Mountains Region of Oregon, Idaho, and Washington: Petrology and Tectonic Evolution of Pre-Tertiary Rocks of the Blue Mountain Region, Prof. Pap. 1438, edited by T. L. Vallier and H. C. Brooks, pp. 359-414, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1995.
108. Sobczyk, S. M., Crustal thickness and structures of the Columbia Plateau using geophysical methods, unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, 208 pp., Washington State University, Pullman, 1994.
109. Swanson, D. A., and T. L. Wright, Field guide to field trip between Pasco and Pullman, Washington, emphasizing stratigraphy, vent areas and intra-canyon flows of the Yakima Basalts, in Proceedings, Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section Meeting, Pullman, 1978 (guide).
110. Swanson, D. A., and T. L. Wright, Guide to geologic field trip between Lewiston, Idaho, and Kimberly, Oregon, emphasizing the Columbia River Basalt group, in Guides to Some Volcanic Terranes in Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Northern California, Circ. 838, edited by D. A. Johnston and J. Nolan, pp. 1-16, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1981.
111. Swanson, D. A., and T. L. Wright, Geologic map of the Wenaha Tucannon Wilderness, Washington and Oregon, scale 1:48,000, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies Map MF-1536, 1983.
112. Swanson, D. A., T. L. Wright, and R. T. Helz, Linear vent systems and estimated rates of magma production and eruption for the Yakima Basalt on the Columbia Plateau, Am. J. Sci., 275, 877-905, 1975.
113. Swanson, D. A., T. L. Wright, P. R. Hooper, and R. D. Bentley, Revisions in stratigraphic nomenclature of the Columbia River Basalt Group, U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1457-G, 59 pp., 1979.
114. Swanson, D. A., T. L. Wright, V. E. Camp, J. N. Gardner, R. T. Helz, S. M. Price, S. P. Reidel, and M. E. Ross, Reconnaissance geological map of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Pullman and Walla Walla quadrangles, southeast Washington and adjacent Idaho, scale 1:250,000, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Inves. Ser. Map 1-1139, 1980.
115. Swanson, D. A., J. L. Anderson, V. E. Camp, P. R. Hooper, W. H. Taubeneck, and T. L. Wright, Reconnaissance geological map of the Columbia River Basalt group, northern Oregon and western Idaho, scale 1:250,000, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Report 81-797, 1981.
116. Swisher, C. C., J. A. Ach, and W. K. Hart, Laser fusion 40Ar/39Ar dating of the type Steens Mountain Basalt, southeastern Oregon and the age of the Steens geomagnetic polarity transition (abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 71, 1296, 1990.
117. Taubeneck, W. H., Dikes of the Columbia River basalt in northeastern Oregon, western Idaho and southeastern Washington, in Proceedings, 2nd Columbia River Basalt Symposium, edited by E. H. Gilmour and D. Stradling, pp. 7396, Eastern Washington State College Press, Cheney, 1970.
118. Thompson, R. N., and S. A. Gibson, Subcontinental mantle plumes, hotspots and pre-existing thinspots, J. Geophys. Res., 148, 973-977, 1991.
119. Tolan, T. L., S. P. Reidel, M. H. Beeson, J. L. Anderson, K. R. Fecht, and D. A. Swanson, Revisions to the estimates of the aerial extent and volume of the Columbia River Basalt Group, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 1-20, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
120. Turner, S., C. Hawkesworth, K. Gallagher, K. Stewart, D. Peate, and M. Mantovani, Mantle plumes, flood basalts, and thermal models for melt generation beneath continents: Assessment of conductive heating model and application to the Parang J. Geophys. Res., 101, 11,503-11,518, 1996
121. Vallier, T. L., Petrology of the pre-Tertiary igneous rocks in the Blue mountains province of Oregon, Idaho and Washington: Implications for the geologic evolution of a complex island arc, in Geology of the Blue Mountains Region of Oregon, Idaho, and Washington: Petrology and Tectonic Evolution of Pre-Tertiary Rocks of the Blue Mountain Region, Prof Pap. 1438, edited by T. L. Vallier and H. C. Brooks, pp. 125-510, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1995.
122. Walker, G. P. L., Compound and simple lava flows and flood basalts, Bull. Volcanol., 35. 579-590, 1968.
123. Washington, H. S., Deccan traps and other plateau basalts, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 33, 765-804, 1922.
124. Waters, A. C., Stratigraphie and lithologic variations in the Columbia River basalt, Am. J. Sci., 259, 583-611, 1961.
125. Watkins, N. D., and A. K. Baksi, Magnetostratigraphy and oroclinal folding of the Columbia River, Steens and Owyhee basalts in Oregon, Washington and Idaho, Am. J. Sci., 274, 148-189, 1974.
126. Wells, R. E., R. W. Simpson, R. D. Bentley, M. H. Beeson, M. T. Mangan, and T. L. Wright, Correlation of Miocene flows of the Columbia River Basalt group from the central Columbia River Plateau to the coast of Oregon and Washington, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. P. Reidel and P. R. Hooper, pp. 113-130, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1989.
127. White, R. S., Magmatism during and after continental break-up, Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 68, 1-16, 1992.
128. White, R. S., and D. P. McKenzie, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 7685-7729, 1989.
129. White, R. S., and D. P. McKenzie, Mantle plumes and flood basalts. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 17543-17586, 1995.
130. Wright, T. L., M. J. Grolier, and D. A. Swanson, Chemical variation related to the stratigraphy of the Columbia River basalt, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 84, 371-386, 1973.
131. Wright, T. L., M. Mangan, and D. A. Swanson, Chemical data for flows and feeder dikes of the Yakima Basalt subgroup, Columbia River Basalt Group, Washington, Oregon and Idaho, and their bearing on a petrogenetic model. U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1821, 71 pp., 1989.
132. Zoback, M. L., E. H. McKee, R. J. Blakely, and G. A. Thompson, The northern Nevada rift: Regional tectono-magmatic relations and middle Miocene stress direction, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106, 371-382, 1994.