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41. Guarantor of the article: Mario Cottone. Specific author contributions: M. Cottone, M.C. Renda, and A. Orlando planned the study and wrote the manuscript; M.C. Renda and A. Maggio performed the molecular study; M. Cottone and G. Civitavecchia conducted the statistical analysis; G. Civitavecchia, I. Modesto, F. Mocciaro, D. Scimeca, F. Rossi, V. Criscuoli, and L. Oliva collected the clinical data, conducted the interview on smoking habit, and filled in the database. Financial support: None. Potential competing interests: None.
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