Social anxiety and cognitive biases in non-referred children: The interaction of self-focused attention and threat interpretation biases

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 441-452

  Higa, Charmaine K ^a   Daleiden, Eric L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^b Kismetrics   (United States)

Author keywords

Childhood; Cognitive bias; Information processing; Interpretation bias; Self focused attention; Social anxiety

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; COPING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PEDIATRICS; SCHOOL CHILD; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL PHOBIA; TASK PERFORMANCE; THREAT;

ANXIETY; ATTENTION; ATTITUDE; CHILD; COGNITION; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PHOBIC DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION; SELF CONCEPT;

EID: 40649118210     PISSN: 08876185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.05.005     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Albano A.M., Chorpita B.F., and Barlow D.H. Childhood anxiety disorders. In: Mash E.J., and Barkley R.A. (Eds). Child psychopathology (1996), Guilford Press, New York 196-241
2. Amir N., Foa E.B., and Coles M.E. Automatic activation and strategic avoidance of threat-relevant information in social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 36 (1998) 285-290
3. Austin A.A., and Chorpita B.F. Temperament, anxiety, and depression: comparisons across five ethnic groups of children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 33 (2004) 216-226
4. Barlow D.H. Anxiety and its disorders: the nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. 2nd ed. (2002), Guilford Press, New York
5. Beck A.T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders (1976), New American Library, New York
6. Beidel D.C., Turner S.M., and Morris T.L. A new inventory to assess childhood social anxiety and phobia: the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children. Psychological Assessment 7 (1995) 73-79
7. Beidel D.C., Turner S.M., and Morris T.L. Psychopathology of childhood social phobia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 38 (1999) 643-651
8. Beidel D.C., Turner S.M., Hamlin K., and Morris T.L. The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C): external and discriminative validity. Behavior Therapy 31 (2000) 75-87
9. Bögels S.M., and Mansell W. Attention processes in the maintenance and treatment of social phobia: hypervigilance, avoidance and self-focused attention. Clinical Psychology Review 24 (2004) 827-856
10. Bögels S.M., Rijsemus W., and De Jong P.J. Self-focused attention and social anxiety: the effects of experimentally heightened self-awareness on fear, blushing, cognitions, and social skills. Cognitive Therapy and Research 26 (2002) 461-472
11. Bögels S.M., Sijbers G.F., and Voncken M. Mindfulness and task concentration training for social phobia: a pilot study. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 20 (2006) 33-44
12. Cartwright-Hatton S., Tschernitz N., and Gomersall H. Social anxiety in children: social skills deficit, or cognitive distortion?. Behaviour Research and Therapy 43 (2005) 131-141
13. Carver C.S., and Scheier M.J. The self-focusing effects of dispositional self-consciousness, mirror presence, and audience presence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36 (1978) 324-332
14. Chorpita B.F. The tripartite model and dimensions of anxiety and depression: an examination of structure in a large school sample. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 30 (2002) 177-190
15. Chorpita B.F., and Daleiden E.L. Tripartite dimensions of emotion in a child clinical sample: measurement strategies and implications for clinical utility. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 70 (2002) 1150-1160
16. Clark D.B. A cognitive perspective on social phobia. In: Crozier W.R., and Alden L.E. (Eds). The essential handbook of social anxiety for clinicians (2005), John Wiley & Sons, New York 193-218
17. Clark L.A., and Watson D. Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100 (1991) 316-336
18. Clark D.B., and Wells A. A cognitive model of social phobia. In: Heimberg R., Liebowitz M., Hope D.A., and Schneier F.R. (Eds). Social phobia: diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (1995), Guilford Press, New York 69-93
19. Costello E.J., and Angold A. Epidemiology. In: March J.S. (Ed). Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (1995), Guilford Press, New York 109-124
20. Daleiden E., and Vasey M.W. An information-processing perspective on childhood anxiety. Clinical Psychology Review 17 (1997) 407-429
21. Davis D., and Brock T.C. Use of the first person pronouns as a function of increased objective self-awareness and performance feedback. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 11 (1975) 381-388
22. Duval S., and Wicklund R.A. A theory of objective self-awareness (1972), Academic Press, New York
23. Duval S., and Wicklund R.A. Effects of objective self-awareness on attribution of causality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 9 (1973) 17-31
24. Fenigstein A. Self-consciousness, self-attention, and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37 (1979) 75-86
25. Fernandez, S. N., Davis, J. L., & Higa, C. K. (2007). Self-focused attention in a nonreferred sample of children. Unpublished manuscript.
26. Foa E.B., Franklin M.E., Perry K.J., and Herbert J.D. Cognitive biases in generalized social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 105 (1996) 433-439
27. Furmark T. Social phobia: overview of community surveys. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 105 (2002) 84-93
28. Hass R.G., and Eisenstadt D. The effects of self-focused attention on perspective-taking and anxiety. Anxiety Research 2 (1990) 165-176
29. Hertel P.T., Mathews M., Peterson S., and Kintner K. Transfer of training emotionally biased interpretations. Applied Cognitive Psychology 17 (2003) 755-784
30. Hirsch C.R., and Clark D.M. Information-processing bias in social phobia. Clinical Psychology Review 24 (2004) 799-825
31. Hirsch C.R., Clark D.M., and Mathews A. Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy 37 (2006) 223-236
32. Hirsch C.R., Mathews A., Clark D.M., Williams R., and Morrison J.A. The causal role of negative imagery in social anxiety: a test in confident public speakers. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 37 (2006) 159-170
33. Hofmann S.G. Treatment of social phobia: potential mediators and moderators. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 7 (2000) 3-16
34. Hofmann S.G. Cognitive mediation of treatment change in social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72 (2004) 392-399
35. Hofmann S.G., and Heinrichs N. Disentangling self-descriptions and self-evaluations under conditions of high self-focused attention: effects of mirror exposure. Personality and Individual Differences 32 (2002) 620-661
36. Hofmann S.G., and Heinrichs N. Differential effects of mirror manipulation on self-perception in social phobia subtypes. Cognitive Therapy and Research 27 (2003) 131-142
37. Hofmann S.G., and Scepkowski L.A. Social self-reappraisal therapy for social phobia: preliminary findings. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 20 (2006) 45-57
38. Hofmann S.G., Moscovitch D.A., Kim H., and Taylor A.N. Changes in self-perception during treatment of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72 (2004) 588-596
39. Hope D.A., Heimberg R.G., and Klein J.F. Social anxiety and the recall of interpersonal information. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 4 (1990) 185-195
40. Ingram R.E. Self-focused attention in clinical disorders: review and a conceptual model. Psychological Bulletin 107 (1990) 156-176
41. Jacques H.A.K., and Mash E.J. A test of the tripartite model of anxiety and depression in elementary and high school boys and girls. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 32 (2004) 13-25
42. Kashdan T.B., and Herbert J.D. Social anxiety disorder in childhood and adolescence: current status and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 4 (2001) 37-61
43. Kashdan T.B., and Roberts J.E. Social anxiety's impact on affect, curiosity, and social self-efficacy during a high self-focus social threat situation. Cognitive Therapy and Research 28 (2004) 119-141
44. Kimble C.E., and Zehr H.D. Self-consciousness, information load, self-presentation, and memory in a social situation. Journal of Social Psychology 118 (1982) 39-46
45. Laurent J., Catanzaro S.J., Joiner T.E., Rudolph K.D., Potter K.I., Lambert S., et al. A measure of positive and negative affect for children: scale development and preliminary validation. Psychological Assessment 11 (1999) 326-338
46. Lee M.R., Okazaki S., and Yoo H.C. Frequency and intensity of social anxiety in Asian Americans and European Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 12 (2006) 291-305
47. Lu, W., & Daleiden, E. (in press). Threat perception bias and anxiety among Chinese school children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology.
48. Mansell W., Clark D.M., Ehlers A., and Chen Y.P. Social anxiety and attention away from emotional faces. Cognition and Emotion 13 (1999) 673-690
49. McManus F., Clark D.M., and Hackmann A. Specificity of cognitive biases in social phobia and their role in recovery. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 28 (2000) 201-209
50. Mellings T.M.B., and Alden L.E. Cognitive processes in social anxiety: the effects of self-focus, rumination, and anticipatory processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy 38 (2000) 243-257
51. Mor N., and Winquist J. Self-focused attention and negative affect: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin 128 (2002) 638-662
52. Morris T.L., and Masia C.L. Psychometric evaluation of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children: concurrent validity and normative data. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 27 (1998) 452-458
53. Muris P., Merckelbach H., and Damsma E. Threat perception bias in nonreferred, socially anxious children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 29 (2000) 348-359
54. Okazaki S. Sources of ethnic differences between Asian American and White American college students on measures of depression and social anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 106 (1997) 52-60
55. Otto M.W., Pollack M.H., Maki K.M., Gould R.A., Worthington J.J., Smoller J.W., et al. Childhood history of anxiety disorders among adults with social phobia: rates, correlates, and comparisons with patients with panic disorder. Depression and Anxiety 14 (2001) 209-213
56. Rapee R.M., and Heimberg R. A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 35 (1997) 741-756
57. Rapee R.M., and Lim L. Discrepancy between self- and observer-ratings of performance in social phobics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 101 (1992) 728-731
58. Rheingold A.A., Herbert J.D., and Franklin M.E. Cognitive biases in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research 27 (2003) 639-655
59. Shore G.H., and Rapport M.D. The Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised (FSSC-HI): ethnocultural variations in children's fearfulness. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 12 (1998) 437-461
60. Spence S.H., Donovan C., and Brechman-Toussaint M. Social skills, social outcomes, and cognitive features of childhood social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 108 (1999) 211-221
61. Strauss C.C., and Last C.G. Social and simple phobias in children. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2 (1993) 141-152
62. Voncken M.J., Bögels S.M., and de Vries K. Interpretation and judgmental biases in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 41 (2003) 1481-1488
63. Wagner R., Silove D., Marnane C., and Rouen D. Delays in referral of patients with social phobia, panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder attending a specialist anxiety clinic. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 20 (2006) 363-371
64. Wittchen H., Stein M.B., and Kessler R.C. Social fears and social phobia in a community sample of adolescents and young adults: prevalence, risk factors and co-morbidity. Psychological Medicine 29 (1999) 302-323
65. Woody S.R. Effects of focus of attention on anxiety levels and social performance of individuals with social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 105 (1996) 61-69
66. Woody S.R., and Rodriguez B.F. Self-focused attention and social anxiety in social phobics and normal controls. Cognitive Therapy and Research 24 (2000) 473-488
67. Woody S.R., Chambless D.L., and Glass C.R. Self-focused attention in the treatment of social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 35 (1997) 117-129