Pharmacodynamics of β-blockers in heart failure: Lessons from the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 117-128

  Bauman, Jerry L ^a   Talbert, Robert L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Carvedilol; COMET; Heart failure; Metoprolol

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CARVEDILOL; CYTOCHROME P450 2D6; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DIURETIC AGENT; FLUOXETINE; METOPROLOL SUCCINATE; METOPROLOL TARTRATE; NORADRENALIN; PLACEBO; QUINIDINE;

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHRONIC DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED RELEASE FORMULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG SELECTIVITY; EXERCISE TEST; HEART FAILURE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART RATE; HUMAN; IMMEDIATE RELEASE FORMULATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MORTALITY; MULTICENTER STUDY; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SUSTAINED RELEASE PREPARATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; CARBAZOLES; HEART FAILURE, CONGESTIVE; HUMANS; METOPROLOL; PROPANOLAMINES; RESEARCH DESIGN;

EID: 4043137474     PISSN: 10742484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107424840400900207     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2003 Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 2002
2. Levy D, Kenchaiah S, Larson MG, et al. Long-term trends in the incidence of and survival with heart failure. N Engl J Med 347:1397-1402, 2002
3. Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (Committee to revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). Circulation 104:2996-3007, 2001
4. Massie BM, Shah NB. Evolving trends in the epidemiologic factors of heart failure: Rationale for preventive strategies and comprehensive disease management. Am Heart J 133:703-712, 1997
5. Adams KF Jr. New epidemiologic perspectives concerning mild-to-moderate heart failure. Am J Med 110 (suppl 7A):6S-13S, 2001
6. Eichhorn EJ, Bristow MR. Medical therapy can improve the biological properties of the chronically failing heart: A new era in the treatment of heart failure. Circulation 94:2285-2296, 1996
7. Mann DL. Mechanisms and models in heart failure: A combinatorial approach. Circulation 100:999-1008, 1999
8. Remme WJ, Swedberg K, and the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 22:1527-1560, 2001
9. Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA). HFSA guidelines for management of patients with heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Card Fail 5:357-382, 1999
10. Foody JM, Farrell MH, Krumholz HM. β-Blocker therapy in heart failure. JAMA 287:883-889, 2002
11. CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): A randomised trial. Lancet 353:9-13, 1999
12. Packer M, Coats AJS, Fowler MB, et al, for the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival Study Group. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 344:1651-1658, 2001
13. Packer M, Fowler MB, Roecker EB, et al, for the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study Group. Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure: results of the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) study. Circulation 106:2194-2199, 2002
14. MERIT-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 353:2001-2007, 1999
15. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, et al, for the MERIT-HF Study Group. Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and wellbeing in patients with heart failure: The Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). JAMA 283:1295-1302, 2000
16. Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Hjalmarson A, et al, for the MERIT-HF Study Group. Metoprolol controlled release/extended release in patients with severe heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:932-938, 2001
17. Komajda M, Follath F, Swedberg K, et al, for the Study Group on Diagnosis of the Working Group on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. The EuroHeart Failure Survey programme-a survey on the quality of care among patients with heart failure in Europe. Part 2: treatment. Eur Heart J 24:464-474, 2003
18. Krumholz HM, Radford MJ, Wang Y, et al. National use and effectiveness of β-blockers for the treatment of elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction: National Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. JAMA 280:623-629, 1998
19. Phillips BG, Yim JM, Brown EJ Jr, et al. A pharmacologic profile of survivors of acute myocardial infarction at United States academic hospitals. Am Heart J 131: 872-878, 1996
20. Bristow MR. β-Adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation 101:558-569, 2000
21. Bristow MR, Feldman AM, Adams KF Jr, et al. Selective versus nonselective β-blockade for heart failure therapy: Are there lessons to be learned from the COMET trial? J Cardiac Fail 9:444-453, 2003
22. Cleland JG. Beta-blockers for heart failure: Why, which, when, and where? Med Clin North Am 87:339-371, 2003
23. 1-selective and nonselective β-adrenergic receptor blockade on cardiac sympathetic activity in congestive heart failure. Circulation 94:353-358, 1996
24. Azevedo ER, Kubo T, Mak S, et al. Nonselective versus selective β-adrenergic receptor blockade in congestive heart failure: Differential effects on sympathetic activity. Circulation 104:2194-2199, 2001
25. Metra M, Giubbini R, Nodari S, et al. Differential effects of β-blockers in patients with heart failure: A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of the long-term effects of metoprolol versus carvedilol. Circulation 102:546-551, 2000
26. Di Lenarda A, Sabbadini G, Salvatore L, et al, and The Heart-Muscle Disease Study Group. Long-term effects of carvedilol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with persistent left ventricular dysfunction despite chronic metoprolol. J Am Coll Cardiol 33:1926-1934, 1999
27. Gilbert EM, Abraham WT, Olsen S, et al. Comparative hemodynamic, left ventricular functional, and antiadrenergic effects of chronic treatment with metoprolol versus carvedilol in the failing heart. Circulation 94:2817-2825, 1996
28. Kukin ML, Kalman J, Charney RH, et al. Prospective, randomized comparison of effect of long-term treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol on symptoms, exercise, ejection fraction, and oxidative stress in heart failure. Circulation 99:2645-2651, 1999
29. Hryniewicz K, Androne AS, Hudaihed A, et al. Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol on regional vascular responses to adrenergic stimuli in normal subjects and patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 108:971-976, 2003
30. Hirooka K, Yasumura Y, Ishida Y, et al. Comparative left ventricular functional and neurohumoral effects of chronic treatment with carvedilol versus metoprolol in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Jpn Circ J 65:931-936, 2001
31. Sanderson JE, Chan SK, Yip G, et al. Beta-blockade in heart failure: A comparison of carvedilol with metoprolol. J Am Coll Cardiol 34:1522-1528, 1999
32. Poole-Wilson PA, Swedberg K, Cleland JGF, et al, for the COMET Investigators. Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 362:7-13, 2003
33. Brookes L. COMET: The Carvedilol or Metoprolol European Trial. Available at: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/ medscape/cardiology/esc1/c4.shtml (accessed June 7, 2004)
34. Poole-Wilson PA, Cleland JG, Di Lenarda A, et al. Rationale and design of the carvedilol or metoprolol European trial in patients with chronic heart failure: COMET. Eur J Heart Fail 4:321-329, 2002
35. Mann DL, Deswal A. Angiotensin-receptor blockade in acute myocardial infarction-a matter of dose. N Engl J Med 349:1963-1965, 2003
36. Thadani U. Assessment of "optimal" beta blockade in treating patients with angina pectoris. Acta Med Scand Suppl 694:178-187, 1985
37. Waagstein F, Bristow MR, Swedberg K, et al, for the Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet 342:1441-1446, 1993
38. Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al, for the U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 334:1349-1355, 1996
39. Tzivoni D, Medina A, David D, et al. Effect of metoprolol in reducing myocardial ischemic threshold during exercise and during daily activity. Am J Cardiol 81:775-777, 1998
40. Felix SB, Stangl V, Kieback A, et al. Acute hemodynamic effects of beta-blockers in patients with severe congestive heart failure: Comparison of celiprolol and esmolol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 38:666-671, 2001
41. Bristow MR, Gilbert EM, Abraham WT, et al, for the MOCHA Investigators. Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. Circulation 94:2807-2816, 1996
42. Sin DD, McAlister FA. The effects of beta-blockers on morbidity and mortality in a population-based cohort of 11,942 elderly patients with heart failure. Am J Med 113:650-656, 2002
43. Sandberg A, Blomqvist I, Jonsson UE, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a new controlled-release formulation of metoprolol: A comparison with conventional tablets. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 33(suppl):S9-S14, 1988
44. Wikstrand J, Andersson B, Kendall MJ, et al. Pharmacokinetic considerations of formulation: Extended-release metoprolol succinate in the treatment of heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 41:151-157, 2003
45. Sandberg A, Abrahamsson B, Regärdh C-G, et al. Pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutic aspects of once-daily treatment with metoprolol CR/ZOK: A review article. J Clin Pharmacol 30:S2-S16, 1990
46. Abrahamsson B, Lücker P, Olofsson B, et al. The relationship between metoprolol plasma concentration and beta 1-blockade in healthy subjects: A study on conventional metoprolol and metoprolol CR/ZOK formulations. J Clin Pharmacol 30(suppl 2):46-54, 1990
47. Bauman JL, Sanoski CA, Chan LT. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions with antiarrhythmic agents. Cardiol Rev 5:292-304, 1997
48. Hamelin BA, Bouayad A, Methot J, et al. Significant interaction between the nonprescription antihistamine diphenhydramine and the CYP2D6 substrate metoprolol in healthy men with high or low CYP2D6 activity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 67:466-477, 2000
49. Lücker P, Moore G, Wieselgren I, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of metoprolol CR/ZOK once daily with conventional tablets once daily and in divided doses. J Clin Pharmacol 30(2 suppl):S17-S27, 1990
50. Andersson B, Äberg J, Lindelöw B, et al. Dose-related effects of metoprolol on heart rate and pharmacokinetics in heart failure. J Card Fail 7:311-317, 2001
51. 1-blockade with metoprolol CR/ZOK. Basic Res Cardiol 95 (suppl 1):146-151, 2000
52. Keating GM, Jarvis B. Carvedilol: A review of its use in chronic heart failure. Drugs 63:1697-1741, 2003
53. Morgan T. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of carvedilol. Clin Pharmacokinet 26:335-346, 1994
54. Oldham HG, Clarke SE. In vitro identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of R(+)- and S(-)-carvedilol. Drug Metab Dispos 25:970-977, 1997
55. Plosker GL, Clissold SP. Controlled release metoprolol formulations. A review of their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in hypertension and ischemic heart disease. Drugs 43:382-414, 1992
56. Tangeman HJ, Patterson JH. Extended-release metoprolol succinate in chronic heart failure. Ann Pharmacother 37:701-710, 2003
57. Lennard MS, Silas JH, Freestone S, et al. Oxidation phenotype-a major determinant of metoprolol metabolism and response. N Engl J Med 307:1558-1560, 1982
58. Tenero D, Boike S, Boyle D, et al. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of carvedilol and its enantiomers in patients with congestive heart failure. J Clin Pharmacol 40:844-853, 2000
59. Lennard MS, Tucker GT, Silas JH, et al. Differential stereoselective metabolism of metoprolol in extensive and poor debrisoquine metabolizers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 34: 732-737, 1983
60. Zhou HH, Wood AJ. Stereoselective disposition of carvedilol is determined by CYP2D6. Clin Pharmacol Ther 57:518-524, 1995
61. Silas JH, McGourty JC, Lennard MS, et al. Polymorphic metabolism of metoprolol: Clinical studies. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 28 (suppl):85-88, 1995
62. Drugstore.com. Drug prices and information. (Last accessed June 7, 2004)