The no-reflow phenomenon in acute myocardial infarction after primary angioplasty: Incidence, predictive factors, and long-term outcomes

Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 59-63

  Romano, Michele ^a   Buffoli, Francesca ^a   Tomasi, Luca ^a   Aroldi, Marco ^a   Lettieri, Corrado ^a   Ferrari, Maria Rosa ^a   Zanini, Roberto ^a  

^a CARLO POMA HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

C reactive protein; Myocardial blush grade; Myocardial infarction; No reflow phenomenon; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Reperfusion

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ADULT; ANGIOPLASTY; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; HEART MUSCLE PERFUSION; HUMAN; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MICROCIRCULATION; MORTALITY; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION; ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; BLOOD; CORONARY ARTERY BLOOD FLOW; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FOLLOW UP; HEART INFARCTION; HOSPITALIZATION; INCIDENCE; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; RESTENOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; TIME;

C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY; CORONARY CIRCULATION; CORONARY RESTENOSIS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PROGNOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 40349112715     PISSN: 15582027     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2459/JCM.0b013e328028fe4e     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. DeWood MA, Spores J, Notske R, Mouser LT, Burroughs R, Golden MS, et al. Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1980; 303:897-902.
2. Braunwald E. Coronary artery patency in patients with myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 16:1550-1552.
3. Roe MT, Ohman EM, Maas AC, Christenson RH, Mahaffey KW, Granger CB, et al. Shifting the open-artery hypothesis downstream: the quest for optimal reperfusion. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37:9-18.
4. Ito H. No-reflow phenomenon and prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2006; 3:499-506.
5. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) trial. Phase I findings. TIMI Study Group. N Engl J Med 1985; 312:932-936.
6. Gibson CM, Cannon CP, Daley WL, Dodge JT Jr, Alexander B Jr, Marble SJ, et al. TIMI frame count: a quantitative method of assessing coronary artery flow. Circulation 1996; 93:879-888.
7. Piana RN, Paik GY, Moscucci M, Cohen DJ, Gibson CM, Kugelmass AD, et al. Incidence and treatment of 'no-reflow' after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 1994; 89:2514-2518.
8. Kitazume H, Iwama T, Kubo I, Ageishi Y, Suzuki A. No-reflow phenomenon during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Am Heart J 1988; 116 (Pt 1):211-215.
9. Feld H, Lichstein E, Schachter J, Shani J. Early and late angiographic findings of the 'no-reflow' phenomenon following direct angioplasty as primary treatment for acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1992; 123:782-784.
10. Van't Hof AW, Liem A, Suryapranata H, Hoorntje JC, de Boer MJ, Zijlstra F. Angiographic assessment of myocardial reperfusion in patients treated with primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: myocardial blush grade. Zwolle Myocardial Infarction Study Group. Circulation 1998; 97:2302-2306.
11. Seydoux C, Goy JJ, Davies G. Platelet and neutrophil imaging techniques in the investigation of the response to thrombolytic therapy and the no-reflow phenomenon. Am Heart J 1993; 125:1142-1147.
12. Mehta JL, Nichols WW, Mehta P. Neutrophils as potential participants in acute myocardial ischemia: relevance to reperfusion. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 11:1309-1316.
13. Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty. The EPIC Investigators. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:956-961.
14. Romano M, Buffoli F, Lettieri C, Rosiello R, Aroldi M, Pepi P, et al. The 'no-reflow' phenomenon in patients undergoing primary PCI for AMI at high risk in a regional emergency network. Implications and predictive factors [abstract]. In: Abstracts of the 25th National Congress of the Italian Society of Invasive Cardiology; 6-9 October 2004; Naples. Naples: GISE; 2004, p. 114.
15. Zanini R, Lettieri C, Romano M, Buffoli F, Izzo A, Schiavone G, et al. Network for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the province of Mantova: results after 2 years of work. Ital Heart J Suppl 2003; 4:838-849.
16. Romano M, Buffoli F, Lettieri C, Rosiello R, Aroldi M, Pepi P, et al. Regional emergency network for AMI treatment: reducing the time for door to balloon and optimizing intra ed extra hospital routes for the treatment of AMI with primary PCI [abstract]. Ital Heart J 2004; 5 (Suppl 5):3S.
17. Komamura K, Kitakaze M, Nishida K, Naka M, Tamai J, Uematsu M, et al. Progressive decreases in coronary vein flow during reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction: clinical documentation of the no reflow phenomenon after successful thrombolysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994; 24:370-377.
18. De Luca G, Suryapranata H, Ottervanger JP, Antman EM. Time delay to treatment and mortality in primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: every minute of delay counts. Circulation 2004; 109:1223-1225.
19. Antoniucci D, Valenti R, Migliorini A, Moschi G, Trapani M, Buonamici P, et al. Relation of time to treatment and mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary angioplasty. Am J Cardiol 2002; 89:1248-1252.
20. Theroux P, Armstrong PW, Mahaffey KW, Hochman JS, Malloy KJ, Rollins S, et al. Prognostic significance of blood markers of inflammation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty and effects of pexelizumab, a C5 inhibitor: a substudy of the COMMA trial. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:1964-1970.
21. Arbustini E, Grasso M, Diegoli M, Pucci A, Bramerio M, Ardissino D, et al. Coronary atherosclerotic plaques with and without thrombus in ischemic heart syndromes: a morphologic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. Am J Cardiol 1991; 68:36B-50B.
22. Arbustini E, De Servi S, Bramucci E, Porcu E, Costante AM, Grasso M, et al. Comparison of coronary lesions obtained by directional coronary atherectomy in unstable angina, stable angina, and restenosis after either atherectomy or angioplasty. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75:675-682.
23. Oltrona Visconti L. Prognostic stratification of unstable angina. Ital Heart J 2002; 3 (Suppl 3):28S-34S.
24. Madsen MM, Busk M, Sondergaard HM, Bottcher M, Mortensen LS, Andersen HR, et al., for the DANAMI-2 Investigators. Does diabetes mellitus abolish the beneficial effect of primary coronary angioplasty on long-term risk of reinfarction after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction compared with fibrinolysis? (A DANAMI-2 substudy). Am J Cardiol 2005; 96:1469-1475.
25. Goyal A, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, Nicolau JC, Hochman JS, Weaver WD, et al. Prognostic significance of the change in glucose level in the first 24 h after acute myocardial infarction: results from the CARDINAL study. Eur Heart J 2006; 27:1289-1297.
26. Iwakura K, Ito H, Ikushima M, Kawano S, Okamura A, Asano K, et al. Association between hyperglycemia and the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41:1-7.
27. Ferenc M, Neumann FJ. Efficacy of primary PCI: the microvessel perspective. Eur Heart J Suppl 2005; 7:I4-I9.
28. Lincoff AM, Califf RM, Topol EJ. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade in coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35:1103-1115.
29. Kip KE, Faxon DP, Detre KM, Yeh W, Kelsey SF, Currier JW. Coronary angioplasty in diabetic patients. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Registry. Circulation 1996; 94:1818-1825.
30. De Lemos JA, Antman EM, Gibson CM, McCabe CH, Giugliano RP, Murphy SA, et al. Abciximab improves both epicardial flow and myocardial reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Observations from the TIMI 14 trial. Circulation 2000; 101:239-243.
31. Resnic FS, Wainstein M, Lee MK, Behrendt D, Wainstein RV, Ohno-Machado L, et al. No-reflow is an independent predictor of death and myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention. Am Heart J 2003; 145:42-46.