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1
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0347986902
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Carotenoids in health and disease: Recent scientific evaluations, research recommendations and the consumer
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Cooper DA. Carotenoids in health and disease: Recent scientific evaluations, research recommendations and the consumer. Journal of Nutrition 2004: 134: 221-224.
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(2004)
Journal of Nutrition
, vol.134
, pp. 221-224
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Cooper, D.A.1
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2
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34247628490
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The influence of fruit and vegetable intake on the nutritional status and plasma homocysteine levels of institutionalized elderly people
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Bermejo LM, Aparicio A, Andres P, Lopez-Sobaler AM and Ortega RM. The influence of fruit and vegetable intake on the nutritional status and plasma homocysteine levels of institutionalized elderly people. Public Health Nutrition 2007: 10(3): 266-72.
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(2007)
Public Health Nutrition
, vol.10
, Issue.3
, pp. 266-272
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Bermejo, L.M.1
Aparicio, A.2
Andres, P.3
Lopez-Sobaler, A.M.4
Ortega, R.M.5
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4
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3242793283
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Advances in understanding of enzymatic browning in harvested litchi fruit
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Jiang Y. Advances in understanding of enzymatic browning in harvested litchi fruit. Food Chemistry 2004: 88: 443-446.
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(2004)
Food Chemistry
, vol.88
, pp. 443-446
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Jiang, Y.1
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5
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38949145637
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Determining tissue damage of fresh-cut vegetables using imaging technology
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Luo Y and Tao Y. Determining tissue damage of fresh-cut vegetables using imaging technology. Acta Horticulture Proceedings 2003: 628: 97-102.
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(2003)
Acta Horticulture Proceedings
, vol.628
, pp. 97-102
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Luo, Y.1
Tao, Y.2
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6
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3242767605
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Arslan O, Erzengin M, Sinan S and Ozensoy O. Purification of mulberry (Morus alba L.) polyphenol oxidase by affinity chromatography and investigation of its kinetic and electrophoretic properties. Food Chemistry 2004: 88(3): 479-484. *The authors investigated the activity of PPO purified from mulberry. Results showed that the PPO has strong reactivity towards catechol, 4-methyl catechol and pyrogallol, but none towards the monophenols, p-cresol and L-tyrosine.
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Arslan O, Erzengin M, Sinan S and Ozensoy O. Purification of mulberry (Morus alba L.) polyphenol oxidase by affinity chromatography and investigation of its kinetic and electrophoretic properties. Food Chemistry 2004: 88(3): 479-484. *The authors investigated the activity of PPO purified from mulberry. Results showed that the PPO has strong reactivity towards catechol, 4-methyl catechol and pyrogallol, but none towards the monophenols, p-cresol and L-tyrosine.
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7
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0037070360
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Gowda LR and Paul B. Diphenol activation of the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of field bean (Dolichos lablab) polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002: 506, 1608-1614. ** This paper reports a study on the hydroxylation of ferulic acid and tyrosine by field bean PPO. Results showed that substrates with high binding affinity to field bean PPO, such as 4-methyl catechol, L- dihydroxyphenylalanine, pyrogallol and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, could stimulate the hydroxylation reaction. In contrast, diphenols such as protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were unable to bring about this activation. The presence of catechol, L- dihydroxyphenylalanine and 4-methyl catechol is also necessary for the oxidation of caffeic acid and catechin to their quinones by the field bean PPO. Results also indicate that the diphenol mechanism of diphenolase activation differs from the way in which the same o-diphenols acti
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Gowda LR and Paul B. Diphenol activation of the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of field bean (Dolichos lablab) polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002: 50(6): 1608-1614. ** This paper reports a study on the hydroxylation of ferulic acid and tyrosine by field bean PPO. Results showed that substrates with high binding affinity to field bean PPO, such as 4-methyl catechol, L- dihydroxyphenylalanine, pyrogallol and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, could stimulate the hydroxylation reaction. In contrast, diphenols such as protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were unable to bring about this activation. The presence of catechol, L- dihydroxyphenylalanine and 4-methyl catechol is also necessary for the oxidation of caffeic acid and catechin to their quinones by the field bean PPO. Results also indicate that the diphenol mechanism of diphenolase activation differs from the way in which the same o-diphenols activate the monophenolase activity.
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8
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0343570017
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Perez-Gilabert M and Garcia CF. Characterization of catecholase and cresolase activities of eggplant polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2000: 48(3): 695-700. * The authors reported that the catecholase/cresolase ratio of eggplant PPO was 41.1, suggesting that the diphenol oxidation predominates over monophenol oxidation in a pH close to the physiological.
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Perez-Gilabert M and Garcia CF. Characterization of catecholase and cresolase activities of eggplant polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2000: 48(3): 695-700. * The authors reported that the catecholase/cresolase ratio of eggplant PPO was 41.1, suggesting that the diphenol oxidation predominates over monophenol oxidation in a pH close to the physiological.
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9
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1542285442
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Fan Y and Flurkey WH. Purification and characterization of tyrosinase from gill tissue of Portabella mushrooms. Phytochemistry 2004: 65(6): 671-678. * The article describes a group of tyrosinase isoforms with isoelectric points between 4.9 and 5.2, isolated from gill tissue of Portabella mushrooms. The purified isoforms show monophenolase activity toward 4-hydroxyanisole but practically no activity towards tyrosine or tyramine. The isoforms also show greater activity toward catechol than either 4-methylcatechol, dopa, dopamine, chlorogenic acid, t-butylcatechol or catechin.
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Fan Y and Flurkey WH. Purification and characterization of tyrosinase from gill tissue of Portabella mushrooms. Phytochemistry 2004: 65(6): 671-678. * The article describes a group of tyrosinase isoforms with isoelectric points between 4.9 and 5.2, isolated from gill tissue of Portabella mushrooms. The purified isoforms show monophenolase activity toward 4-hydroxyanisole but practically no activity towards tyrosine or tyramine. The isoforms also show greater activity toward catechol than either 4-methylcatechol, dopa, dopamine, chlorogenic acid, t-butylcatechol or catechin.
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11
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0035351241
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Hisaminato H, Murata M and Homma S. Relationship between the enzymatic browning and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of cut lettuce, and the prevention of browning by inhibitors of polyphenol biosynthesis. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2001: 65(5): 1016-1021. ** The authors investigated the three factors for enzymatic browning (polyphenol content, PPO activity and PAL activity) during cold storage of cut lettuce. They found an apparent relationship between browning and PAL activity and suggested that regulating the biosynthesis of polyphenols is essential for preventing browning of cut lettuce.
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Hisaminato H, Murata M and Homma S. Relationship between the enzymatic browning and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of cut lettuce, and the prevention of browning by inhibitors of polyphenol biosynthesis. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2001: 65(5): 1016-1021. ** The authors investigated the three factors for enzymatic browning (polyphenol content, PPO activity and PAL activity) during cold storage of cut lettuce. They found an apparent relationship between browning and PAL activity and suggested that regulating the biosynthesis of polyphenols is essential for preventing browning of cut lettuce.
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12
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0037041944
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Phenolic compounds and related enzymes are not rate-limiting in browning development of fresh-cut potatoes
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Cantos E, Tudela JA, Gil MI and Espin JC. Phenolic compounds and related enzymes are not rate-limiting in browning development of fresh-cut potatoes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002: 50(10): 3015-3023.
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(2002)
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
, vol.50
, Issue.10
, pp. 3015-3023
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Cantos, E.1
Tudela, J.A.2
Gil, M.I.3
Espin, J.C.4
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13
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0141503491
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Kang HM and Saltveit ME. Wound-induced increases in phenolic content of fresh-cut lettuce is reduced by a short immersion in aqueous hypertonic solutions. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2003: 29(3): 271-277. * In this study, the authors found that wounding during the preparation of fresh-cut lettuce induced the synthesis of PAL, and the synthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid that contribute to tissue browning. They also reported that the phenolic content of fresh-cut lettuce was reduced in tissue pieces by an immediately immersing treatment, after cutting, in hypertonic aqueous mannitol solutions for 2 h.
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Kang HM and Saltveit ME. Wound-induced increases in phenolic content of fresh-cut lettuce is reduced by a short immersion in aqueous hypertonic solutions. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2003: 29(3): 271-277. * In this study, the authors found that wounding during the preparation of fresh-cut lettuce induced the synthesis of PAL, and the synthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid that contribute to tissue browning. They also reported that the phenolic content of fresh-cut lettuce was reduced in tissue pieces by an immediately immersing treatment, after cutting, in hypertonic aqueous mannitol solutions for 2 h.
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14
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0033054924
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Phenolic compounds and their role in oxidative processes in fruits
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Robards K, Prenzler PD, Tucker G, Swatsitang P and Glover W. Phenolic compounds and their role in oxidative processes in fruits. Food Chemistry 1999: 66(4): 401-436.
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(1999)
Food Chemistry
, vol.66
, Issue.4
, pp. 401-436
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Robards, K.1
Prenzler, P.D.2
Tucker, G.3
Swatsitang, P.4
Glover, W.5
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15
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3042769419
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Consumer evaluation and quality measurement of fresh-cut slices of 'Fuji,' 'Golden Delicious,' 'GoldRush,' and 'Granny Smith' apples
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Abbott JA, Saftner RA, Gross KC, Vinyard BT and Janick J. Consumer evaluation and quality measurement of fresh-cut slices of 'Fuji,' 'Golden Delicious,' 'GoldRush,' and 'Granny Smith' apples. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2004: 33(2): 127-140.
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(2004)
Postharvest Biology and Technology
, vol.33
, Issue.2
, pp. 127-140
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Abbott, J.A.1
Saftner, R.A.2
Gross, K.C.3
Vinyard, B.T.4
Janick, J.5
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16
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12144291331
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Physiological and quality changes of fresh-cut pineapple treated with anti-browning agents
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Gonzalez-Aguilar G A, Ruiz-Cruz S, Cruz-Valenzuela R, Rodriguez-Felix A and Wang CY. Physiological and quality changes of fresh-cut pineapple treated with anti-browning agents. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 2004: 37(3): 369-376.
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(2004)
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie
, vol.37
, Issue.3
, pp. 369-376
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Gonzalez-Aguilar, G.A.1
Ruiz-Cruz, S.2
Cruz-Valenzuela, R.3
Rodriguez-Felix, A.4
Wang, C.Y.5
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17
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0036219028
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2 atmospheres alone cannot effectively prevent cut-surface browning or softening of fresh-cut pear slices, whereas a post-cutting dip of 2% AA + 1% calcium lactate + 0.5% cysteine (pH 7.0) can significantly extend the shelf-life of pear slices by inhibiting the loss of slice flesh firmness and preventing cut-surface browning.
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2 atmospheres alone cannot effectively prevent cut-surface browning or softening of fresh-cut pear slices, whereas a post-cutting dip of 2% AA + 1% calcium lactate + 0.5% cysteine (pH 7.0) can significantly extend the shelf-life of pear slices by inhibiting the loss of slice flesh firmness and preventing cut-surface browning.
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18
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33746740378
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Thiol containing compounds as controlling agents of enzymatic browning in some apple products
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Eissa HA, Fadel HHM, Ibrahim GE, Hassan IM and Elrashid AA. Thiol containing compounds as controlling agents of enzymatic browning in some apple products. Food Research International 2006: 39(8): 855-863.
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(2006)
Food Research International
, vol.39
, Issue.8
, pp. 855-863
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Eissa, H.A.1
Fadel, H.H.M.2
Ibrahim, G.E.3
Hassan, I.M.4
Elrashid, A.A.5
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19
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0742320667
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Use of citric acid for shelf life and quality maintenance of fresh-cut Chinese water chestnut
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Jiang YM, Pen L and Li J. Use of citric acid for shelf life and quality maintenance of fresh-cut Chinese water chestnut. Journal of Food Engineering 2004: 63(3): 325-328.
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(2004)
Journal of Food Engineering
, vol.63
, Issue.3
, pp. 325-328
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Jiang, Y.M.1
Pen, L.2
Li, J.3
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20
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0042567187
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Effect of immersion solutions on shelf life of minimally processed lettuce
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Ihl M, Aravena L, Scheuermann E, Uquiche E and Bifani V. Effect of immersion solutions on shelf life of minimally processed lettuce. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 2003: 36(6): 591-599.
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(2003)
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie
, vol.36
, Issue.6
, pp. 591-599
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Ihl, M.1
Aravena, L.2
Scheuermann, E.3
Uquiche, E.4
Bifani, V.5
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21
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0007173581
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Oxalic acid in commercial pectins inhibits browning of raw apple juice
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Tong CBS, Hicks KB, Osman SF, Hotchkiss AT and Haines RM. Oxalic acid in commercial pectins inhibits browning of raw apple juice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1995: 43: 592-597.
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(1995)
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
, vol.43
, pp. 592-597
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Tong, C.B.S.1
Hicks, K.B.2
Osman, S.F.3
Hotchkiss, A.T.4
Haines, R.M.5
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22
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38949156506
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Marshall MR, Kim J and Wei CI. Enzymatic browning in fruits, vegetables and seafoods. [http://www.fao.org/ag/Ags/agsi/ENZYMEFINAL/Enzymatic%20Browning. html] ** This is an excellent overview of enzymatic browning. This paper includes the biochemistry of enzymatic browning and extensive methods for the prevention of browning in fruits, vegetables and seafood.
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Marshall MR, Kim J and Wei CI. Enzymatic browning in fruits, vegetables and seafoods. [http://www.fao.org/ag/Ags/agsi/ENZYMEFINAL/Enzymatic%20Browning. html] ** This is an excellent overview of enzymatic browning. This paper includes the biochemistry of enzymatic browning and extensive methods for the prevention of browning in fruits, vegetables and seafood.
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23
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38949213286
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Luo Y and Barbosa-Canovas GV. Inhibition of apple slices by 4-hexylresorcinol. Enzymatic browning and its prevention. Washington DC, American Chemical Society, 1995. ACS symposium series; 0097-6156; 600: 240-250.
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Luo Y and Barbosa-Canovas GV. Inhibition of apple slices by 4-hexylresorcinol. Enzymatic browning and its prevention. Washington DC, American Chemical Society, 1995. ACS symposium series; 0097-6156; 600: 240-250.
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25
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0040652009
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Enzymatic browning and its inhibition in new apple cultivar slices using 4-hexylresorcinol in combination with ascorbic acid
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Luo Y and Barbosa-Canovas GV. Enzymatic browning and its inhibition in new apple cultivar slices using 4-hexylresorcinol in combination with ascorbic acid. Journal of Food Science and Technology International 1997: 3: 195-201.
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(1997)
Journal of Food Science and Technology International
, vol.3
, pp. 195-201
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Luo, Y.1
Barbosa-Canovas, G.V.2
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0032933728
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Buta JG, Moline HE, Spaulding DW and Wang CY. Extending storage life of fresh-cut apples using natural products and their derivatives. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999: 47(1): 1-6. * This article shows that combinations of enzymatic inhibitors, reducing agents and antimicrobial compounds can be used successfully to decrease browning of apple slices stored at 5°C under normal atmospheric conditions. The dipping solutions consist of 4-HR, IAA, a sulphur-containing amino acid (N-acetylcysteine) and calcium propionate.
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Buta JG, Moline HE, Spaulding DW and Wang CY. Extending storage life of fresh-cut apples using natural products and their derivatives. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999: 47(1): 1-6. * This article shows that combinations of enzymatic inhibitors, reducing agents and antimicrobial compounds can be used successfully to decrease browning of apple slices stored at 5°C under normal atmospheric conditions. The dipping solutions consist of 4-HR, IAA, a sulphur-containing amino acid (N-acetylcysteine) and calcium propionate.
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29
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0036221830
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2 atmospheres in storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2002: 24: 335-340. * In this study, the author found that CAs inhibited PPO activity, prevented peel browning and decreased fruit decay in comparison with MAP.
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2 atmospheres in storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2002: 24: 335-340. * In this study, the author found that CAs inhibited PPO activity, prevented peel browning and decreased fruit decay in comparison with MAP.
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1942446315
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2 more significantly inhibited the enzymatic activities of PPO and POD, reduced malondialdehyde content, effectively prevented flesh browning, decreased fruit decay and extended the storage life of sweet cherry fruits than other treatments.
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2 more significantly inhibited the enzymatic activities of PPO and POD, reduced malondialdehyde content, effectively prevented flesh browning, decreased fruit decay and extended the storage life of sweet cherry fruits than other treatments.
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31
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13244292288
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2 concentrations on physiology and quality of litchi fruit in storage. Food Chemistry 2005: 91: 659-663. ** In this study, the authors examined the involvement of PPO, POD, anthocyanin and total phenols in cellular browning of litchi fruit, and revealed that CA conditions were effective in reducing total phenol content, delaying anthocyanidin decomposition, preventing pericarp browning and decreasing litchi fruit decay.
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2 concentrations on physiology and quality of litchi fruit in storage. Food Chemistry 2005: 91: 659-663. ** In this study, the authors examined the involvement of PPO, POD, anthocyanin and total phenols in cellular browning of litchi fruit, and revealed that CA conditions were effective in reducing total phenol content, delaying anthocyanidin decomposition, preventing pericarp browning and decreasing litchi fruit decay.
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28444482469
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Zheng XL and Tian SP. Effect of oxalic acid on control of postharvest browning of litchi fruit. Food Chemistry 2006: 96: 519-523. * In this article, the authors proved that oxalic acid at 2 and 4 mM could significantly inhibit pericarp browning of litchi fruit, suggesting that application of oxalic acid can effectively control pericarp browning of litchi fruit during postharvest storage.
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Zheng XL and Tian SP. Effect of oxalic acid on control of postharvest browning of litchi fruit. Food Chemistry 2006: 96: 519-523. * In this article, the authors proved that oxalic acid at 2 and 4 mM could significantly inhibit pericarp browning of litchi fruit, suggesting that application of oxalic acid can effectively control pericarp browning of litchi fruit during postharvest storage.
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33
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9644299701
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Effect of high oxygen concentration on pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes in peach fruits during postharvest periods
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This article provided a comprehensive overview of the considerable success obtained in controlling chilling injury and browning of peach fruit using CA storage, primarily as a result of delaying the reduction of antioxidant enzymes, *
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Wang YS, Tian SP and Xu Y. Effect of high oxygen concentration on pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes in peach fruits during postharvest periods. Food Chemistry, 2005: 91: 99-104. * This article provided a comprehensive overview of the considerable success obtained in controlling chilling injury and browning of peach fruit using CA storage, primarily as a result of delaying the reduction of antioxidant enzymes.
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(2005)
Food Chemistry
, vol.91
, pp. 99-104
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Wang, Y.S.1
Tian, S.P.2
Xu, Y.3
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34
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0034047671
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Apple Wraps: A novel method to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of fresh-cut apples
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In this study, edible coatings and films were made from apple puree with various concentrations of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, beeswax and vegetable oil, which were developed to extend the shelf-life and improve the quality of fresh-cut produce, *
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McHugh TH and Senesi E. Apple Wraps: A novel method to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of fresh-cut apples. Journal of Food Science 2000: 65(3): 480-485. * In this study, edible coatings and films were made from apple puree with various concentrations of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, beeswax and vegetable oil, which were developed to extend the shelf-life and improve the quality of fresh-cut produce.
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(2000)
Journal of Food Science
, vol.65
, Issue.3
, pp. 480-485
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McHugh, T.H.1
Senesi, E.2
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35
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0037241579
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Extending shelf life of minimally processed apples with edible coatings and anti-browning agents
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Lee JY, Park HJ, Lee CY and Choi WY. Extending shelf life of minimally processed apples with edible coatings and anti-browning agents. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 2003: 36: 323-329.
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(2003)
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie
, vol.36
, pp. 323-329
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Lee, J.Y.1
Park, H.J.2
Lee, C.Y.3
Choi, W.Y.4
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36
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0037365435
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Loaiza-Velarde JG, Mangrich ME, Campos-Vargas R and Saltveit ME. Heat shock reduces browning of fresh-cut celery petioles. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2003: 27(3): 305-311. ** The authors found that the preparation of 5 mm segments of celery petioles induced an increase in the activity of PAL and subsequent tissue browning potential. They also found heat shock treatment at 50°C for 90 s significantly reduced PAL rise and browning, thus extending the storage life of the petiole segments.
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Loaiza-Velarde JG, Mangrich ME, Campos-Vargas R and Saltveit ME. Heat shock reduces browning of fresh-cut celery petioles. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2003: 27(3): 305-311. ** The authors found that the preparation of 5 mm segments of celery petioles induced an increase in the activity of PAL and subsequent tissue browning potential. They also found heat shock treatment at 50°C for 90 s significantly reduced PAL rise and browning, thus extending the storage life of the petiole segments.
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Murata M, Tanaka E, Minoura E and Homma S. Quality of cut lettuce treated by heat shock: prevention of enzymatic browning, repression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, and improvement on sensory evaluation during storage. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2004: 68(3): 501-507. * In this study, the effect of heat shock treatment at 50°C for 90 s on the quality of cut lettuce during cold storage was examined. Result showed that the treatment is useful for prolonging the shelf-life of cut lettuce. It can significantly repress the induction of PAL activity and phenolics accumulation in cut lettuce during storage, and prevent browning of cut lettuce.
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Murata M, Tanaka E, Minoura E and Homma S. Quality of cut lettuce treated by heat shock: prevention of enzymatic browning, repression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, and improvement on sensory evaluation during storage. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2004: 68(3): 501-507. * In this study, the effect of heat shock treatment at 50°C for 90 s on the quality of cut lettuce during cold storage was examined. Result showed that the treatment is useful for prolonging the shelf-life of cut lettuce. It can significantly repress the induction of PAL activity and phenolics accumulation in cut lettuce during storage, and prevent browning of cut lettuce.
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34247515194
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Lu S, Luo Y, Turner E and Feng H. Efficacy of sodium chlorite as an inhibitor of enzymatic browning in apple slices. Food Chemistry 2007: 104(2): 824-829. ** This research investigated the efficacy of sodium chlorite as a browning control agent for use on fresh-cut apple slices, applied alone, or in conjunction with organic acids. Results showed that apple slices treated with acidified sodium chlorite or sodium chlorite solution had a significantly smaller decrease in L value indicating less browning than those treated with citric acid or water control.
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Lu S, Luo Y, Turner E and Feng H. Efficacy of sodium chlorite as an inhibitor of enzymatic browning in apple slices. Food Chemistry 2007: 104(2): 824-829. ** This research investigated the efficacy of sodium chlorite as a browning control agent for use on fresh-cut apple slices, applied alone, or in conjunction with organic acids. Results showed that apple slices treated with acidified sodium chlorite or sodium chlorite solution had a significantly smaller decrease in L value indicating less browning than those treated with citric acid or water control.
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33744944762
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Inhibition of apple polyphenol oxidase activity by sodium chlorite
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Lu S, Luo Y and Feng H. Inhibition of apple polyphenol oxidase activity by sodium chlorite. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2006: 54: 3693-3696.
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(2006)
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
, vol.54
, pp. 3693-3696
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Lu, S.1
Luo, Y.2
Feng, H.3
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