메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 557-563

Ventilator-associated pneumonia as a quality indicator for patient safety?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT;

EID: 38849176306     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/526534     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (57)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0037434515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection control - a problem for patient safety
    • Burke JP. Infection control - a problem for patient safety. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:651-6.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 651-656
    • Burke, J.P.1
  • 2
    • 28044438486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia: Insights from recent clinical trials
    • Shorr AF, Kollef MH. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: insights from recent clinical trials. Chest 2005; 128(Suppl 2):S583-91.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Shorr, A.F.1    Kollef, M.H.2
  • 3
    • 9644295892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data summary from January 1992 through June 2004
    • National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System
    • National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Data summary from January 1992 through June 2004. Am J Infect Control 2004; 32:470-85.
    • (2004) Am J Infect Control , vol.32 , pp. 470-485
  • 4
    • 31344461826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis in European intensive care units: Results of the SOAP study
    • Vincent JL, Sakr Y, Sprung CL, et al. Sepsis in European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:344-53.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 344-353
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Sakr, Y.2    Sprung, C.L.3
  • 6
    • 33846859315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and risk factors of device-associated infections and associated mortality at the intensive care in the Dutch surveillance system
    • Van der Kooi TI, de Boer AS, Mannien J, et al. Incidence and risk factors of device-associated infections and associated mortality at the intensive care in the Dutch surveillance system. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:271-8.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 271-278
    • Van der Kooi, T.I.1    de Boer, A.S.2    Mannien, J.3
  • 8
    • 0035067089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory infection in the chronically critically ill patient: Ventilator-associated pneumonia and tracheobronchitis
    • Ahmed QA, Niederman MS. Respiratory infection in the chronically critically ill patient: ventilator-associated pneumonia and tracheobronchitis. Clin Chest Med 2001; 22:71-85.
    • (2001) Clin Chest Med , vol.22 , pp. 71-85
    • Ahmed, Q.A.1    Niederman, M.S.2
  • 10
    • 0024468271 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and etiology of pneumonia acquired during mechanical ventilation
    • Jimenez P, Torres A, Rodriguez-Roisin R, et al. Incidence and etiology of pneumonia acquired during mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 1989; 17:882-5.
    • (1989) Crit Care Med , vol.17 , pp. 882-885
    • Jimenez, P.1    Torres, A.2    Rodriguez-Roisin, R.3
  • 11
    • 26444480583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and economic consequences of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A systematic review
    • Safdar N, Dezfulian C, Collard HR, Saint S. Clinical and economic consequences of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:2184-93.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 2184-2193
    • Safdar, N.1    Dezfulian, C.2    Collard, H.R.3    Saint, S.4
  • 12
    • 0036924301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large US database
    • Rello J, Ollendorf DA, Oster G, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large US database. Chest 2002; 122:2115-21.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 2115-2121
    • Rello, J.1    Ollendorf, D.A.2    Oster, G.3
  • 13
    • 0022397244 scopus 로고
    • Update from the SENIC project: Hospital infection control
    • Haley RW, Morgan WM, Culver DH, et al. Update from the SENIC project: hospital infection control. Am J Infect Control 1985; 13:97-108.
    • (1985) Am J Infect Control , vol.13 , pp. 97-108
    • Haley, R.W.1    Morgan, W.M.2    Culver, D.H.3
  • 14
    • 34247250882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing the relevance of research to health care managers: Hospital CEO imperatives for improving quality and lowering costs
    • Alexander JA, Hearld LR, Jiang HJ, Fraser I. Increasing the relevance of research to health care managers: hospital CEO imperatives for improving quality and lowering costs. Health Care Manage Rev 2007; 32:150-9.
    • (2007) Health Care Manage Rev , vol.32 , pp. 150-159
    • Alexander, J.A.1    Hearld, L.R.2    Jiang, H.J.3    Fraser, I.4
  • 15
    • 0038294773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Joint Commission, Available at:, Accessed 19 June 2007
    • The Joint Commission. National Patient Safety Goals. Available at: http://www.jointcommission.org/. Accessed 19 June 2007.
    • National Patient Safety Goals
  • 16
    • 39349107302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Camp RC. Benchmarking: the search for industry best practices that lead to superior performance. Milwaukee, WI, and White Plains, NY: Quality Press, 1989.
    • Camp RC. Benchmarking: the search for industry best practices that lead to superior performance. Milwaukee, WI, and White Plains, NY: Quality Press, 1989.
  • 17
    • 0026865274 scopus 로고
    • Learning from the best leads to superior performance
    • Camp RC. Learning from the best leads to superior performance. J Bus Strategy 1992; 13:3-6.
    • (1992) J Bus Strategy , vol.13 , pp. 3-6
    • Camp, R.C.1
  • 18
    • 0027561767 scopus 로고
    • The critical phase inspection process: A benchmarking study in search of industries' best practices
    • Herman DR, Dangler TL, Houser DA, Lewis TG, Masten JL, Taylor IE. The critical phase inspection process: a benchmarking study in search of industries' best practices. Qual Assur 1993; 2:186-90.
    • (1993) Qual Assur , vol.2 , pp. 186-190
    • Herman, D.R.1    Dangler, T.L.2    Houser, D.A.3    Lewis, T.G.4    Masten, J.L.5    Taylor, I.E.6
  • 19
    • 0028435819 scopus 로고
    • Benchmarking applied to health care
    • Camp RC, Tweet AG. Benchmarking applied to health care. Jt Comm J Qual Improv 1994; 20:229-38.
    • (1994) Jt Comm J Qual Improv , vol.20 , pp. 229-238
    • Camp, R.C.1    Tweet, A.G.2
  • 20
    • 33748878009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting indicators for the quality of cardiac care at the health system level in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries
    • Idänpään-Heikkilä UM, Lambie L, Mattke S, McLaughlin V, Palmer H, Tu JV. Selecting indicators for the quality of cardiac care at the health system level in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Int J Qual Health Care 2006; 18:39-44.
    • (2006) Int J Qual Health Care , vol.18 , pp. 39-44
    • Idänpään-Heikkilä, U.M.1    Lambie, L.2    Mattke, S.3    McLaughlin, V.4    Palmer, H.5    Tu, J.V.6
  • 21
    • 0038414604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Call-to-needle times for thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction in Victoria
    • Kelly AM, Kerr D, Patrick I, Walker T. Call-to-needle times for thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction in Victoria. Med J Aust 2003; 178:381-5.
    • (2003) Med J Aust , vol.178 , pp. 381-385
    • Kelly, A.M.1    Kerr, D.2    Patrick, I.3    Walker, T.4
  • 22
    • 34250635141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the use of evidence-based heart failure therapies in the outpatient setting: The IMPROVE HF performance improvement registry
    • Fonarow GC, Yancy CW, Albert NM, et al. Improving the use of evidence-based heart failure therapies in the outpatient setting: the IMPROVE HF performance improvement registry. Am Heart J 2007; 154:12-38.
    • (2007) Am Heart J , vol.154 , pp. 12-38
    • Fonarow, G.C.1    Yancy, C.W.2    Albert, N.M.3
  • 23
    • 14844313752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality improvement efforts and hospital performance: Rates of beta-blocker prescription after acute myocardial infarction
    • Bradley EH, Herrin J, Mattera JA, et al. Quality improvement efforts and hospital performance: rates of beta-blocker prescription after acute myocardial infarction. Med Care 2005; 43:282-92.
    • (2005) Med Care , vol.43 , pp. 282-292
    • Bradley, E.H.1    Herrin, J.2    Mattera, J.A.3
  • 24
    • 33847407569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and treatments of patients with peripheral arterial disease referred to UK vascular clinics: Results of a prospective registry
    • Khan S, Flather M, Mister R, et al. Characteristics and treatments of patients with peripheral arterial disease referred to UK vascular clinics: results of a prospective registry. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 33:442-50.
    • (2007) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.33 , pp. 442-450
    • Khan, S.1    Flather, M.2    Mister, R.3
  • 25
    • 0034074185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benchmarking treatment of schizophrenia: A comparison of service delivery by the national government and by state and local providers
    • Rosenheck RA, Desai R, Steinwachs D, Lehman A. Benchmarking treatment of schizophrenia: a comparison of service delivery by the national government and by state and local providers. J Nerv Ment Dis 2000; 188:209-16.
    • (2000) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.188 , pp. 209-216
    • Rosenheck, R.A.1    Desai, R.2    Steinwachs, D.3    Lehman, A.4
  • 26
    • 33644692086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health: A view from Australia
    • Williams H, Davidson S. Improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health: a view from Australia. Sex Health 2004; 1:95-105.
    • (2004) Sex Health , vol.1 , pp. 95-105
    • Williams, H.1    Davidson, S.2
  • 27
    • 33746361514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes as a tracer condition in international benchmarking of health systems
    • Nolte E, Bain C, McKee M. Diabetes as a tracer condition in international benchmarking of health systems. Diabetes Care 2006; 29:1007-11.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 1007-1011
    • Nolte, E.1    Bain, C.2    McKee, M.3
  • 28
    • 22244492320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administrative data feedback for effective cardiac treatment: AFFECT, a cluster randomized trial
    • Beck CA, Richard H, Tu JV, Pilote L. Administrative data feedback for effective cardiac treatment: AFFECT, a cluster randomized trial. JAMA 2005; 294:309-17.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 309-317
    • Beck, C.A.1    Richard, H.2    Tu, J.V.3    Pilote, L.4
  • 29
    • 20444366932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is hospital procedure volume a reliable marker of quality for coronary artery bypass surgery? A comparison of risk and propensity adjusted operative and midterm outcomes
    • Zacharias A, Schwann TA, Riordan CJ, et al. Is hospital procedure volume a reliable marker of quality for coronary artery bypass surgery? A comparison of risk and propensity adjusted operative and midterm outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79:1961-9.
    • (2005) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.79 , pp. 1961-1969
    • Zacharias, A.1    Schwann, T.A.2    Riordan, C.J.3
  • 30
    • 31344461092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benchmarking as a tool of continuous quality improvement in postoperative pain management
    • Meissner W, Ullrich K, Zwacka S. Benchmarking as a tool of continuous quality improvement in postoperative pain management. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; 23:142-8.
    • (2006) Eur J Anaesthesiol , vol.23 , pp. 142-148
    • Meissner, W.1    Ullrich, K.2    Zwacka, S.3
  • 31
    • 34247149303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does this patient have ventilator-associated pneumonia?
    • Klompas M. Does this patient have ventilator-associated pneumonia? JAMA 2007; 297:1583-93.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 1583-1593
    • Klompas, M.1
  • 32
    • 0034960670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia. European Task Force on ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Torres A, Carlet J. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. European Task Force on ventilator-associated pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2001; 17:1034-45.
    • (2001) Eur Respir J , vol.17 , pp. 1034-1045
    • Torres, A.1    Carlet, J.2
  • 33
    • 33646094491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National nosocomial infection surveillance system: From benchmark to bedside in trauma patients
    • Miller PR, Johnson JC, Karchmer T, Hoth JJ, Meredith JW, Chang MC. National nosocomial infection surveillance system: from benchmark to bedside in trauma patients. J Trauma 2006; 60:98-103.
    • (2006) J Trauma , vol.60 , pp. 98-103
    • Miller, P.R.1    Johnson, J.C.2    Karchmer, T.3    Hoth, J.J.4    Meredith, J.W.5    Chang, M.C.6
  • 34
    • 1642580617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Torres A, Ewig S. Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:433-5.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 433-435
    • Torres, A.1    Ewig, S.2
  • 35
    • 4043130212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Dodek P, Keenan S, Cook D, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 2004; 141:305-13.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.141 , pp. 305-313
    • Dodek, P.1    Keenan, S.2    Cook, D.3
  • 36
    • 1642525257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated pneumonia, 2003: Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC)
    • Tablan O, Anderson L, Besser R, Bridges C, Hajjeh R. Guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated pneumonia, 2003: recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recomm Rep 2004; 53:1-36.
    • (2004) MMWR Recomm Rep , vol.53 , pp. 1-36
    • Tablan, O.1    Anderson, L.2    Besser, R.3    Bridges, C.4    Hajjeh, R.5
  • 37
    • 39349088065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital in Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance. Surveillance of nosocomial infections in intensive care units: protocol, v6.1. 2004. Available at: http://helics.univ-lyon1.fr/protocols/icu_protocol. pdf. Accessed 19 December 2007.
    • Hospital in Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance. Surveillance of nosocomial infections in intensive care units: protocol, v6.1. 2004. Available at: http://helics.univ-lyon1.fr/protocols/icu_protocol. pdf. Accessed 19 December 2007.
  • 38
    • 0036768294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • towards European surveillance of hospital-acquired infections in intensive care units
    • HELICS-ICU. The ICU-HELICS programme
    • Suetens C, Savey A, Labeeuw J, Morales I, HELICS-ICU. The ICU-HELICS programme: towards European surveillance of hospital-acquired infections in intensive care units. Euro Surveill 2002; 7:127-8.
    • (2002) Euro Surveill , vol.7 , pp. 127-128
    • Suetens, C.1    Savey, A.2    Labeeuw, J.3    Morales, I.4
  • 39
    • 33745209497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of APACHE II, SOFA and CPIS scores in predicting prognosis in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Gürsel G, Demirtas S. Value of APACHE II, SOFA and CPIS scores in predicting prognosis in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respiration 2006; 73:503-8.
    • (2006) Respiration , vol.73 , pp. 503-508
    • Gürsel, G.1    Demirtas, S.2
  • 42
    • 1342268349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Accuracy and inter-observer variability
    • Schurink CA, Van Nieuwenhoven CA, Jacobs JA, et al. Clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: accuracy and inter-observer variability. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:217-24.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 217-224
    • Schurink, C.A.1    Van Nieuwenhoven, C.A.2    Jacobs, J.A.3
  • 43
    • 0034536997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of severity of illness scoring systems for elderly patients with severe pneumonia
    • Sikka P, Jaafar WM, Bozkanat E, El-Solh AA. A comparison of severity of illness scoring systems for elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:1803-10.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 1803-1810
    • Sikka, P.1    Jaafar, W.M.2    Bozkanat, E.3    El-Solh, A.A.4
  • 44
    • 0344328820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed 9 October 2007
    • National Quality Forum. Safe practices for better healthcare 2006. Available at: http://www.qualityforum.org/. Accessed 9 October 2007.
    • (2006) Safe practices for better healthcare
  • 45
    • 84875485897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed 19 December 2007
    • Institute for Healthcare Improvement. 100,000 Lives Campaign. Available at: http://www.ihi.org/IHI/Programs/Campaign/Campaign.htm. Accessed 19 December 2007.
    • 100,000 Lives Campaign
  • 46
    • 0035033413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding back surveillance data to prevent hospital-acquired infections
    • Gaynes R, Richards C, Edwards J, et al. Feeding back surveillance data to prevent hospital-acquired infections. Emerg Infect Dis 2001; 7:295-8.
    • (2001) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.7 , pp. 295-298
    • Gaynes, R.1    Richards, C.2    Edwards, J.3
  • 47
    • 33746726987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a nationwide nosocomial infection surveillance system for reducing nosocomial infections
    • Gastmeier P, Geffers C, Brandt C, et al. Effectiveness of a nationwide nosocomial infection surveillance system for reducing nosocomial infections. J Hosp Infect 2006; 64:16-22.
    • (2006) J Hosp Infect , vol.64 , pp. 16-22
    • Gastmeier, P.1    Geffers, C.2    Brandt, C.3
  • 48
    • 33947587417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in ventilator-associated pneumonia rates within the German nosocomial infection surveillance system (KISS)
    • Zuschneid I, Schwab F, Geffers C, Behnke M, Ruden H, Gastmeier P. Trends in ventilator-associated pneumonia rates within the German nosocomial infection surveillance system (KISS). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28:314-8.
    • (2007) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.28 , pp. 314-318
    • Zuschneid, I.1    Schwab, F.2    Geffers, C.3    Behnke, M.4    Ruden, H.5    Gastmeier, P.6
  • 49
    • 21244471097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adherence to simple and effective measures reduces the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Baxter AD, Allan J, Bedard J, et al. Adherence to simple and effective measures reduces the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Can J Anaesth 2005; 52:535-41.
    • (2005) Can J Anaesth , vol.52 , pp. 535-541
    • Baxter, A.D.1    Allan, J.2    Bedard, J.3
  • 50
    • 0034892203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance of hospital-acquired infection in England, Germany, and The Netherlands: Will international comparison of rates be possible?
    • Coello R, Gastmeier P, de Boer AS. Surveillance of hospital-acquired infection in England, Germany, and The Netherlands: will international comparison of rates be possible? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2001; 22:393-7.
    • (2001) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.22 , pp. 393-397
    • Coello, R.1    Gastmeier, P.2    de Boer, A.S.3
  • 51
    • 0037175507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swiss-NOSO Network. Interhospital differences in nosocomial infection rates: Importance of case-mix adjustment
    • Sax H, Pittet D, Swiss-NOSO Network. Interhospital differences in nosocomial infection rates: importance of case-mix adjustment. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162:2437-42.
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 2437-2442
    • Sax, H.1    Pittet, D.2
  • 52
    • 0030666228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risks of risk adjustment
    • Iezzoni LI. The risks of risk adjustment. JAMA 1997; 278:1600-7.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 1600-1607
    • Iezzoni, L.I.1
  • 54
    • 0345269132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using routine comparative data to assess the quality of health care: Understanding and avoiding common pitfalls
    • Powell AE, Davies HT, Thomson RG. Using routine comparative data to assess the quality of health care: understanding and avoiding common pitfalls. Qual Saf Health Care 2003; 12:122-8.
    • (2003) Qual Saf Health Care , vol.12 , pp. 122-128
    • Powell, A.E.1    Davies, H.T.2    Thomson, R.G.3
  • 55
    • 17144406458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between accreditation scores and the public disclosure of accreditation reports: A cross sectional study
    • Ito H, Sugawara H. Relationship between accreditation scores and the public disclosure of accreditation reports: a cross sectional study. Qual Saf Health Care 2005; 14:87-92.
    • (2005) Qual Saf Health Care , vol.14 , pp. 87-92
    • Ito, H.1    Sugawara, H.2
  • 56
    • 0033674397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are nosocomial infection rates in intensive care units useful benchmark parameters?
    • Gastmeier P, Sohr D, Geffers C, Nassauer A, Daschner F, Ruden H. Are nosocomial infection rates in intensive care units useful benchmark parameters? Infection 2000; 28:346-50.
    • (2000) Infection , vol.28 , pp. 346-350
    • Gastmeier, P.1    Sohr, D.2    Geffers, C.3    Nassauer, A.4    Daschner, F.5    Ruden, H.6
  • 57
    • 39349085174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial infections as an indicator of the healthcare quality in intensive care units
    • in French
    • Durocher A. Nosocomial infections as an indicator of the healthcare quality in intensive care units [in French]. HygièneS 2004; 7:561-9.
    • (2004) HygièneS , vol.7 , pp. 561-569
    • Durocher, A.1
  • 58
    • 0025393705 scopus 로고
    • Contributions of epidemiology to quality assessment and monitoring
    • Donabedian A. Contributions of epidemiology to quality assessment and monitoring. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1990; 11:117-21.
    • (1990) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.11 , pp. 117-121
    • Donabedian, A.1
  • 59
    • 33644684484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: An evidence-based approach of modifiable risk factors
    • Isakow W, Kollef MH. Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: an evidence-based approach of modifiable risk factors. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 27:5-17.
    • (2006) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 5-17
    • Isakow, W.1    Kollef, M.H.2
  • 60
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:388-416.
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 61
    • 2342450732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia: From epidemiology to patient management
    • Bonten MJ, Kollef MH, Hall JB. Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia: from epidemiology to patient management. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38:1141-9.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. 1141-1149
    • Bonten, M.J.1    Kollef, M.H.2    Hall, J.B.3
  • 62
    • 0036743319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: Current practice in Canadian intensive care units
    • Heyland DK, Cook DJ, Dodek PM. Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: current practice in Canadian intensive care units. J Crit Care 2002; 17:161-7.
    • (2002) J Crit Care , vol.17 , pp. 161-167
    • Heyland, D.K.1    Cook, D.J.2    Dodek, P.M.3
  • 63
    • 33744968674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a zero VAP rate: Personal and team approaches in the ICU
    • Fox MY. Toward a zero VAP rate: personal and team approaches in the ICU. Crit Care Nurs Q 2006; 29:108-14.
    • (2006) Crit Care Nurs Q , vol.29 , pp. 108-114
    • Fox, M.Y.1
  • 65
    • 33751190732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tailoring the Institute for Health Care Improvement 100,000 Lives Campaign to pediatric settings: The example of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Curley MA, Schwalenstocker E, Deshpande JK, et al. Tailoring the Institute for Health Care Improvement 100,000 Lives Campaign to pediatric settings: the example of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Pediatr Clin North Am 2006; 53:1231-51.
    • (2006) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.53 , pp. 1231-1251
    • Curley, M.A.1    Schwalenstocker, E.2    Deshpande, J.K.3
  • 66
    • 33746327777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: Sowing seeds of change
    • Craven DE. Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: sowing seeds of change. Chest 2006; 130:251-60.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 251-260
    • Craven, D.E.1
  • 67
    • 0026529853 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in intubated patients: Respective role of mechanical subglottic secretions drainage and stress ulcer prophylaxis
    • Mahul P, Auboyer C, Jospe R, et al. Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in intubated patients: respective role of mechanical subglottic secretions drainage and stress ulcer prophylaxis. Intensive Care Med 1992; 18:20-5.
    • (1992) Intensive Care Med , vol.18 , pp. 20-25
    • Mahul, P.1    Auboyer, C.2    Jospe, R.3
  • 68
    • 23844542129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a bundle approach to improve ventilator care processes and reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Resar R, Pronovost P, Haraden C, Simmonds T, Rainey T, Nolan T. Using a bundle approach to improve ventilator care processes and reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2005; 31:243-8.
    • (2005) Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf , vol.31 , pp. 243-248
    • Resar, R.1    Pronovost, P.2    Haraden, C.3    Simmonds, T.4    Rainey, T.5    Nolan, T.6
  • 70
    • 33747221847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jain M, Miller L, Belt D, King D, Berwick DM. Decline in ICU adverse events, nosocomial infections and cost through a quality improvement initiative focusing on teamwork and culture change. Qual Saf Health Care 2006; 15:235-9.
    • Jain M, Miller L, Belt D, King D, Berwick DM. Decline in ICU adverse events, nosocomial infections and cost through a quality improvement initiative focusing on teamwork and culture change. Qual Saf Health Care 2006; 15:235-9.
  • 71
    • 0023721998 scopus 로고
    • The quality of care: How can it be assessed?
    • Donabedian A. The quality of care: how can it be assessed? JAMA 1988; 260:1743-8.
    • (1988) JAMA , vol.260 , pp. 1743-1748
    • Donabedian, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.