Improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health. A view from Australia: Learning from world's best practice

Sexual Health

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 95-105

  Williams, Henrietta ^a,b   Davidson, Sandra ^b  

^a Family Planning Victoria   (Australia)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; AUSTRALIA; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CONDOM; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INDUCED ABORTION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PREGNANCY; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SAFE SEX; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL EDUCATION; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICS; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

ABORTION, INDUCED; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; AUSTRALIA; BENCHMARKING; CONDOMS; CONTRACEPTION BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY IN ADOLESCENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SAFE SEX; SEX EDUCATION; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 33644692086     PISSN: 14485028     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/SH03023     Document Type: Article

References (112)

1. WHO. The second decade: improving adolescent health and development. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1998.
2. Social Exclusion Unit. Teenage pregnancy. London, UK: The Stationary Office; 1999.
3. Bayley O. Improvement of sexual and reproductive health requires focusing on adolescents. Lancet 2003; 362(9386): 8301. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14281-X
4. UNICEF. A league table of teenage births in rich nations. Innocenti report card. Florence: UNICEF; 2001.
5. Blumer C, Roche P, Spencer J, Lin M, Milton A, Bunn C, et al. Australia's notifiable diseases status, 2001: annual report of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. Commun Dis Intell 2003; 27(1): 1-78.
6. Westenberg L, van der Klis KA, Chan A, Dekker G, Keane RJ. Aboriginal teenage pregnancies compared with non-Aboriginal in South Australia 1995-1999. Aust NZJ Obstet Gynaecol 2002; 42(2): 187-92.
7. WHO. Gender and reproductive rights. Considerations for formulating reproductive health laws Ref. WHO/RHR/00.1. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2000.
8. Ford J, Nassar N, Sullivan E, Chambers G, Lancaster P. Reproductive health indicators, Australia, 2002. Sydney: AIHW National Perinatal Statistics Unit; 2002.
9. Yusuf F, Siedlecky S. Legal abortion in South Australia: a review of the first 30 years. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2002; 42(1): 15-21.
10. van der Klis KA, Westenberg L, Chan A, Dekker G, Keane RJ. Teenage pregnancy: trends, characteristics and outcomes in South Australia and Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2002; 26(2): 125-31.
11. Fraser AM, Brockert JE, Ward RH. Association of young maternal age with adverse reproductive outcomes. N Engl J Med 1995; 332(17): 1113-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199504273321701
12. Huffman SD. Teenage childbearing is not bad after all... or is it? A review of the new literature. Fam Plann Perspect 1998; 30(5): 236-43.
13. Mellanby AR, Pearson VA, Tripp JH. Preventing teenage pregnancy. Arch Dis Child 1997; 77(5): 459-62.
14. Hotz V. The impacts of teenage child bearing on the mothers and the consequences of those impacts for government. Washington D.C.: Kids having kids; 1997.
15. Grogger J, Bronars S. The socioeconomic consequences of teenage childbearing: findings from a natural experiment. Fam Plann Perspect 1993; 25(4): 156-61, 174.
16. Donovan B. Rising prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in heterosexual patients at the Sydney Sexual Health Centre, 1994 to 2000. Commun Dis Intell 2002; 26(1): 51-4.
17. Public Health Division, Department of Human Services Victoria. Chlamydia strategy for Victoria 2001 -2004. 2001.
18. Fleming DT, McQuillan GM, Johnson RE, Nahmias AJ, Aral SO, Lee FK, et al. Herpes simplex virus type 2 in the United States, 1976 to 1994. N Engl J Med 1997; 337(16): 1105-11.
19. Stamm WE. Chlamydia trachomatis infections: progress and problems. J Infect Dis 1999; 179(Suppl 2): S380-3.
20. Laga M, Manoka A, Kivuvu M, Malele B, Tuliza M, Nzila N, et al. Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as risk factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. AIDS 1993; 7(1): 95-102.
21. Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect 1999; 75(1): 3-17.
22. Philpot CR. Impact of chlamydia and herpes infections on the community. Aus Microbiol 1986; 7: 11-7.
23. Smith AMA, Rissel CE, Richters J, Grulich AE, de Visser RO. Sex in Australia: the rationale and methods of the Australian study of health and relationships. NZJ Public Health 2003; 27(2): 106-17.
24. Lindsay J, Smith A, Rosenthal D. Secondary students, HIV/AIDS and sexual health. Melbourne: La Trobe University; 1997.
25. Rissel CE, Richters J, Grulich AE, de Visser RO, Smith AMA. First experiences of vaginal intercourse and oral sex among a representative sample of adults. NZJ Public Health 2003; 27(2): 131-7.
26. Smith A, Aguis P, Dyson S, Mitchell A, Pitts M. Secondary students & sexual health. Results of the 3rd national survey of Australian secondary students, HIV/AIDS and sexual health. Melbourne: La Trobe University; 2002.
27. Cowan FM. Adolescent reproductive health interventions. Sex Transm Infect 2002; 78(5): 315-8. doi: 10.1136/STI.78.5.315
28. Kirby D. Effective approaches to reducing adolescent unprotected sex, pregnancy, and childbearing. J Sex Res 2002; 39(1): 51-7.
29. Kirby D, Resnick MD, Downes B, Kocher T, Gunderson P, Potthoff S, et al. The effects of school-based health clinics in St. Paul on school-wide birthrates. Fam Plann Perspect 1993; 25(1): 12-6.
30. Aral SO, Holmes KK. Social and behavioral determinants of the epidemiology of STDs: industrialized and developing countries. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Mardh P, et al. editors. Sexually transmitted diseases. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill; 1999.
31. Holtgrave DR, Crosby RA. Social capital, poverty, and income inequality as predictors of gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS case rates in the United States. Sex Transm Infect 2003; 79(1): 62-4. doi: 10.1136/STI.79.1.62
32. Kirby D. Antecedents of adolescent initiation of sex, contraceptive use, and pregnancy. Am J Health Behav 2002; 26(6): 473-85.
33. Smith T. Influence of socioeconomic factors on attaining targets for reducing teenage pregnancies. BMJ 1993; 306(6887): 1232-5.
34. McPherson A, Macfarlane A. Contraception in general practice before teenage pregnancy. Ambition may be best contraception. BMJ 2001; 322(7282): 363.
35. Sex and America's Teenagers. New York: Alan Guttmacher Institute; 1994.
36. Rademakers J. Sex education research in the Netherlands. European Study Tour 1998. Leiden, Netherlands; 1998.
37. Wellings K, Wadsworth J, Johnson AM, Field J, Whitaker L, Field B. Provision of sex education and early sexual experience: the relation examined. BMJ 1995; 311(7002): 417-20.
38. Wellings K, Nanchahal K, Macdowall W, McManus S, Erens B, Mercer CH, et al. Sexual behaviour in Britain: early heterosexual experience. Lancet 2001; 358(9296): 1843-50. doi: 10.1016/80140-6736(01)06885-4
39. Anonymous Abstinence, monogamy, and sex. Lancet 2002; 360(9327): 97. doi: 10.1016/80140-6736(02)09401-1
40. Kirby D, Short L, Collins J, Rugg D, Kolbe L, Howard M, et al. School-based programs to reduce sexual risk behaviors: a review of effectiveness. Public Health Rep 1994; 109(3): 339-60.
41. UNAIDS/WHO. Sex education does not lead to earlier or increased sexual activity in youth. Geneva: World Health Organisation Global Program on AIDS; 1998.
42. Mellanby AR, Phelps FA, Crichton NJ, Tripp JH. School sex education: an experimental programme with educational and medical benefit. BMJ 1995; 311(7002): 414-7.
43. DiCenso A, Borthwick VW, Busca CA, Creatura C, Holmes JA, Kalagian WF, et al. Completing the picture: adolescents talk about what's missing in sexual health services. Can J Public Health 2001; 92(1): 35-8.
44. Feldmann J, Middleman AB. Adolescent sexuality and sexual behavior. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2002; 14(5): 489-93. doi: 10.1097/00001703-200210000-00008
45. UNAIDS/WHO. Learning and teaching about AIDS in school. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1997.
46. Dyson S. Don't ask don't tell: hidden in the crown. Documenting the links between sexuality and suicidal behaviours among young people. Melbourne: Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Australia; 2003.
47. Blake SM, Ledsky R, Lehman T, Goodenow C, Sawyer R, Hack T. Preventing sexual risk behaviors among gay, lesbian, and bisexual adolescents: the benefits of gay-sensitive HIV instruction in schools. Am J Public Health 2001; 91(6): 940-6.
48. Berne L, Huberman B. European approaches to adolescent sexual behavious and responsibility. Washington DC: Advocates for youth; 1999.
49. Ketting E, Visser AP. Contraception in The Netherlands: the low abortion rate explained. Patient Educ Couns 1994; 23(3): 16171. doi: 10.1016/0738-3991(94)90032-9
50. Landry D. Factors associated with the content of sex education in US public secondary schools. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2002; 35(6): 261-9.
51. Donovan P. School-based sexuality education: the issues and challenges. Fam Plann Perspect 1998; 30(4): 188-93.
52. Blake SM, Ledsky R, Goodenow C, Sawyer R, Lohrmann D, Windsor R. Condom availability programs in Massachusetts high schools: relationships with condom use and sexual behavior. Am J Public Health 2003; 93(6): 955-62.
53. Darroch J, Singh S. Why is teenage pregnancy declining? The roles of abstinence, sexual activity and contraceptive use. New York, USA: The Alan Guttmacher Institute; 1999.
54. Rosenthal SL, Von Ranson KM, Cotton S, Biro FM, Mills L, Succop PA. Sexual initiation: predictors and developmental trends. Sex Transm Dis 2001; 28(9): 527-32.
55. Dunt D, Day N, Pirkis J. Evaluation of a community-based health promotion program supporting public policy initiatives for a healthy diet. Health Promot Internation 1999; 14(4): 317-20. doi: 10.1093/HEAPRO/l 4.4.317
56. Coenen AJ, Berends R, Van der Meijden WI. The organization of STI control in the Netherlands - an overview. Int J STD AIDS 2002; 13(4): 254-60. doi: 10.1258/0956462021925054
57. Ketting E. Contraception and fertility in the Netherlands. Fam Plann Perspect 1983; 15(1): 19-25.
58. Ketting E. The family planning and sexual health revolution in the Netherlands. Utrecht: NISSO; 1995.
59. Kantor LM. Scared chaste? Fear based educational curricula. SIECUS Rep 1992; 21(2): 1-5.
60. Brown JD. Mass media influences on sexuality. J Sex Res 2002; 39(1): 42-5.
61. Diclemente RJ. Predictors of HIV-preventive sexual behavior in a high-risk adolescent population: the influence of perceived peer norms and sexual communication on incarcerated adolescents' consistent use of condoms. J Adolesc Health 1991; 12(5): 385-90.
62. Trussell J, Leveque JA, Koenig JD, London R, Borden S, Henneberry J, et al. The economic value of contraception: a comparison of 15 methods. Am J Public Health 1995; 85(4): 494-503.
63. Lindsay J, Smith AM, Rosenthal DA. Conflicting advice? Australian adolescents' use of condoms or the pill. Fam Plann Perspect 1999; 31(4): 190-4.
64. Hillier L, Harrison L, Warr D. 'When you carry condoms all the boys think you want it': negotiating competing discourses about safe sex. J Adolesc 1998; 21(1): 15-29. doi: 10.1006/JADO. 1997.0126
65. Warr D, Hillier L. 'That's the problem with living in a small town': privacy and sexual health issues for young rural people. Aust J Rural Health 1997; 5(3): 132-9.
66. Rosenthal D, Smith AMA. Adolescents, sexually transmitted diseases, and health propotion: information sources, preferences, and trust. Health Promot J Aus 1995; 5(3): 38-44.
67. Ethier KA, Kershaw T, Niccolai L, Lewis JB. Ickovics JR Adolescent women underestimate their susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections. Sex Transm Infect 2003; 79(5): 408-11. doi: 10.1136/STI.79.5.408
68. Alaszewski A, Horlick-Jones T. How can doctors communicate information about risk more effectively? AM/2003; 327(7417): 728-31. doi: 10.1136/BMJ.327.7417.728
69. Pidgeon N, Hood C, Jones D, Turner B, Gibson R. Risk perception. Risk: analysis, perception and management. London: Royal Society; 1992. pp. 89-134.
70. Caiman KC, Bennett PG, Coles DG. Risks to health: some key issues in management, regulation and communication. Health Risk Soc 1999; 1: 107-16.
71. Blum RW, Stark T. Cognitive development in adolescence. Clinical cues and implication. Semin Adolesc Med 1985; 1(1): 25-32.
72. Robinson AJ, Rogstad K. Adolescence: a time of risk taking. Sex Transm Infect 2002; 78(5): 314-5. doi: 10.1136/STI.78.5.314
73. Warren C, Neer B. Perspectives on internatinal sex practices and American family sex communication relevant to teenage sexual behavior in the US. Health Commun 1992; 4: 121-36.
74. Wilson D. Intergenerational communication within the family. Washington, DC: International Centre for Research on Women; 1995.
75. Kaiser Family Foundation survey on teens and sex. What they say teens teens today need to know and who they listen to Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation; 1996.
76. Ford CA, Millstein SG, Halpern-Felsher BL, Irwin CE, Jr. Influence of physician confidentiality assurances on adolescents' willingness to disclose information and seek future health care. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1997; 278(12): 1029-34. doi: 10.1001/JAMA.278.12.1029
77. Hopkins A, Gabbay J, Neuberger J. Role of users of health care in achieving a quality service. Qual Health Care 1994; 3(4): 203-9.
78. Veit FC, Sanci LA, Coffey CM, Young DY, Bowes G. Barriers to effective primary health care for adolescents. Med J Aust 1996; 165(3): 131-3.
79. Hock-Long L, Herceg-Baron R, Cassidy AM, Whittaker PG. Access to adolescent reproductive health services: financial and structural barriers to care. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2003; 35(3): 144-7.
80. Lafferty WE, Downey L, Holan CM, Lind A, Kassler W, Tao G, et al. Provision of sexual health services to adolescent enrollees in Medicaid managed care. Am J Public Health 2002; 92(11): 1779-83.
81. Walker ZA, Townsend J. The role of general practice in promoting teenage health: a review of the literature. Fam Pract 1999; 16(2): 164-72. doi: 10.1093/FAMPRA/16.2.164
82. Donovan B, Knight V, McNulty AM. Wynne-Markham V, Kidd MR. Gonorrhoea screening in general practice: perceived barriers and strategies to improve screening rates. Med J Aust 2001; 175(8): 412-4.
83. Sanci LA, Coffey CM, Veit FC, Carr-Gregg M, Patton GC, Day N, et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of an educational intervention for general practitioners in adolescent health care: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2000; 320(7229): 224-30. doi: 10.1136/BMJ.320.7229.224
84. Temple-Smith M, Hammond J, Pyett P, Presswell N. Barriers to sexual history taking in general practice. Aust Fam Physician 1996;25(9 Suppl 2): S71 4.
85. Temple-Smith MJ, Mulvey G, Keogh L. Attitudes to taking a sexual history in general practice in Victoria, Australia. Sex Transm Infect 1999; 75(1): 41-4.
86. Mulvey G, Temple-Smith MJ, Keogh LA. Sexually transmissible diseases-knowledge and practices of general practitioners in Victoria, Australia. Genitourin Med 1997; 73(6): 533-7.
87. Wray L, Law C, Barrie SC. A general practitioner STD training programme: meeting education and service provision needs. Int J STD AIDS 1998; 9(12): 731-5. doi: 10.1258/0956462981921477
88. McDonald G, Mullins J. Best practice in delivering sexual and reproductive health services to young people in Victoria. Melbourne: Family Planning Victoria, Australia; 2002.
89. Health Insurance Commission Data. Australia; 2002.
90. Cromer BA, McCarthy M. Family planning services in adolescent pregnancy prevention: the views of key informants in four countries. Fam Plann Perspect 1999; 31(6): 287-93.
91. Delbanco S, Lundy J, Hoff T, Parker M, Smith MD. Public knowledge and perceptions about unplanned pregnancy and contraception in three countries. Fam Plann Perspect 1997; 29(2): 70-5.
92. Rimsza ME. Counseling the adolescent about contraception. Pediatr Rev 2003; 24(5): 162-70.
93. Rosenthal SL, Cotton S, Ready JN, Potter LS, Succop PA. Adolescents' attitudes and experiences regarding levonorgestrel 100 mcg/ethinyl estradiol 20 meg. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2002; 15(5): 301-5. doi: 10.1016/81083-3188(02)00196-1
94. Peterson LS, Oakley D, Potter LS, Darroch JE. Women's efforts to prevent pregnancy: consistency of oral contraceptive use. Fam Plann Perspect 1998; 30(1): 19-23.
95. Templeman CL, Cook V, Goldsmith LJ, Powell J, Hertweck SP. Postpartum contraceptive use among adolescent mothers. Obstet Gynecol 2000; 95(5): 770-6. doi: 10.1016/800297844(00)00787-0
96. Omar H, Fowler A, D'Angelo S. Improved continuation rate of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate in adolescent mothers. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2002; 14(2): 149-52.
97. Emans SJ, Grace E, Woods ER, Smith DE, Klein K, Merola J. Adolescents' compliance with the use of oral contraceptives. JAMA 1987; 257(24): 3377-81. doi: 10.1001/JAMA.257.24.3377
98. Polaneczky M, Slap G, Forke C, Rappaport A, Sondheimer S. The use of levonorgestrel implants (Norplant) for contraception in adolescent mothers. N Engl J Med 1994; 331 (18): 1201-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199411033311806
99. Zink TM, Shireman TI, Ho M, Buchanan T. High-risk teen compliance with prescription contraception: an analysis of Ohio Medicaid claims. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2002; 15(1): 15-21. doi: 10.1016/81083-3188(01)00134-6
100. Potter L, Oakley D, de Leon-Wong E, Canamar R. Measuring compliance among oral contraceptive users. Fam Plann Perspect 1996; 28(4): 154-8.
101. Yusuf F, Siedlecky S. Contraceptive use in Australia: evidence from the 1995 National Health Survey. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 39(1): 58-62.
102. Webb AM. Emergency contraception. BMJ 2003; 326(7393): 775-6. doi: 10.1136/BMJ.326.7393.775
103. Glasier A, Baird D. The effects of self-administering emergency contraception. N Engl J Med 1998; 339(1): 1-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199807023390101
104. WHO. Improving access to quality care in family planning. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2000.
105. Delbanco SF, Mauldon J, Smith MD. Little knowledge and limited practice: emergency contraceptive pills, the public, and the obstetrician-gynecologist. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 89(6): 1006-11. doi: 10.1016/80029-7844(97)00142-7
106. Grimes DA. Switching emergency contraception to over-thecounter status. N Engl J Med 2002; 347(11): 846-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMSB020913
107. Camp SL, Wilkerson DS, Raine TR. The benefits and risks of over-the-counter availability of levonorgestrel emergency contraception. Contraception 2003; 68(5): 309-17. doi: 10.1016/J.CONTRACEPTION.2003.08.011
108. Anon. Improving access to emergency contraception. Contmcept Technol Update 2000; 21(8): 93-4.
109. Scholes D, Stergachis A, Heidrich FE, Andrilla H, Holmes KK, Stamm WE. Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease by screening for cervical chlamydial infection. N Engl J Med 1996; 334(21): 1362-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199605233342103
110. Egger M, Low N, Smith GD, Lindblom B, Herrmann B. Screening for chlamydial infections and the risk of ectopic pregnancy in a county in Sweden: ecological analysis. BMJ 1998; 316(7147): 1776-80.
111. Atkins D. First new screening recommendations from the third US preventative services task force. BMJ2001; 1: 187-90.
112. Counahan M, Hocking JS, Fairley CK. Enhanced chlamydia surveillance indicates more screening needed. Med J Aust 2003; 178(10): 523.