메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 117-130

Transcription factor NF-Y is involved in regulation of the JNK pathway during Drosophila thorax development

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA LACTAMASE; CCAAT BINDING FACTOR; NUCLEAR FACTOR Y; PROTEIN SUBUNIT; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE;

EID: 38849133722     PISSN: 13569597     EISSN: 13652443     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2007.01155.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (46)
  • 1
    • 0036741743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Puckered-GAL4 driving in JNK-active cells
    • Adachi-Yamada, T. (2002) Puckered-GAL4 driving in JNK-active cells. Genesis 34, 19-22.
    • (2002) Genesis , vol.34 , pp. 19-22
    • Adachi-Yamada, T.1
  • 2
    • 0033536214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distortion of proximodistal information causes JNK-dependent apoptosis in Drosophila wing
    • Adachi-Yamada, T., Fujimura-Kamada, K., Nishida, Y. & Matsumoto, K. (1999) Distortion of proximodistal information causes JNK-dependent apoptosis in Drosophila wing. Nature 400, 166-169.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 166-169
    • Adachi-Yamada, T.1    Fujimura-Kamada, K.2    Nishida, Y.3    Matsumoto, K.4
  • 3
    • 0033385940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila JNK pathway controls the morphogenesis of imaginal discs during metamorphosis
    • Agnes, F., Suzanne, M. & Noselli, S. (1999) The Drosophila JNK pathway controls the morphogenesis of imaginal discs during metamorphosis. Development 126, 5453-5462.
    • (1999) Development , vol.126 , pp. 5453-5462
    • Agnes, F.1    Suzanne, M.2    Noselli, S.3
  • 4
    • 33644859838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage promotes histone deacetylase 4 nuclear localization and repression of G2/M promoters, via p53 C-terminal lysines
    • Basile, V., Mantovani, R. & Imbriano, C. (2005) DNA damage promotes histone deacetylase 4 nuclear localization and repression of G2/M promoters, via p53 C-terminal lysines. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 2347-2357.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.281 , pp. 2347-2357
    • Basile, V.1    Mantovani, R.2    Imbriano, C.3
  • 5
    • 0346365375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The B subunit of the CCAAT box binding transcription factor complex (CBF/ NF-Y) is essential for early mouse development and cell proliferation
    • Bhattacharya, A., Deng, J.M., Zhang, Z., Behringer, R., Crombrugghe, B. & Marty, S.N. (2003) The B subunit of the CCAAT box binding transcription factor complex (CBF/NF-Y) is essential for early mouse development and cell proliferation. Cancer Res. 63, 8167-8172.
    • (2003) Cancer Res. , vol.63 , pp. 8167-8172
    • Bhattacharya, A.1    Deng, J.M.2    Zhang, Z.3    Behringer, R.4    Crombrugghe, B.5    Marty, S.N.6
  • 6
    • 0027160708 scopus 로고
    • Targeted expression as means of altering cell fates and dominant phenotypes
    • Brand, A.H. & Perrimon, N. (1993) Targeted expression as means of altering cell fates and dominant phenotypes. Development 118, 401-415.
    • (1993) Development , vol.118 , pp. 401-415
    • Brand, A.H.1    Perrimon, N.2
  • 8
    • 21044449123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila Cdc6/18 protein has functions in both early and late S phase in S2 cells
    • Crevel G, Mathe E, & Cotterill S. (2005) The Drosophila Cdc6/18 protein has functions in both early and late S phase in S2 cells. J. Cell Sci. 118, 2451-2459.
    • (2005) J. Cell Sci. , vol.118 , pp. 2451-2459
    • Crevel, G.1    Mathe, E.2    Cotterill, S.3
  • 9
    • 0034644522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction by the JNK group of MAP kinases
    • Davis, R.J. (2000) Signal transduction by the JNK group of MAP kinases. Cell 103, 239-252.
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 239-252
    • Davis, R.J.1
  • 10
    • 1242272060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmentally specific role of the CCAAT box in regulation of human γ-globin gene expression
    • Fang, X., Han, H., Stamatoyannopoulos, G. & Li, Q. (2004) Developmentally specific role of the CCAAT box in regulation of human γ-globin gene expression. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 5444-5449.
    • (2004) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.279 , pp. 5444-5449
    • Fang, X.1    Han, H.2    Stamatoyannopoulos, G.3    Li, Q.4
  • 11
    • 0036672150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatially specific expression of Hoxb4 is dependent on the ubiquitous transcription factor NFY
    • Gilthorpe, J., Vandromme, M., Brend, T., Gutman, A., Summerbell, D., Totty, N. & Rigby, P.W.J. (2002) Spatially specific expression of Hoxb4 is dependent on the ubiquitous transcription factor NFY. Development 129, 3887-3899.
    • (2002) Development , vol.129 , pp. 3887-3899
    • Gilthorpe, J.1    Vandromme, M.2    Brend, T.3    Gutman, A.4    Summerbell, D.5    Totty, N.6    Rigby, P.W.J.7
  • 12
    • 0028875388 scopus 로고
    • Hemipterous encodes a novel Drosophila MAP kinase kinase, required for epithelial cell sheet movement
    • Glise, B., Bourbon, H. & Noselli, S. (1995) Hemipterous encodes a novel Drosophila MAP kinase kinase, required for epithelial cell sheet movement. Cell 83, 451-461.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 451-461
    • Glise, B.1    Bourbon, H.2    Noselli, S.3
  • 13
    • 12344275581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional characterization of the human SOX3 promoter: Identification of transcription factors implicated in basal promoter activity
    • Grujicic, N.K., Mojsin, M., Krstic, A. & Stevanovic, M. (2005) Functional characterization of the human SOX3 promoter: Identification of transcription factors implicated in basal promoter activity. Gene 344, 287-297.
    • (2005) Gene , vol.344 , pp. 287-297
    • Grujicic, N.K.1    Mojsin, M.2    Krstic, A.3    Stevanovic, M.4
  • 14
    • 0033521144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A binding site for the transcription factor Grainyhead/Nuclear transcription factor-1 contributes to regulation of the Drosophila proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene promoter
    • Hayashi, Y., Yamagishi, M., Nishimoto, Y., Taguchi, O., Matsukage, A. & Yamaguchi, M. (1999) A binding site for the transcription factor Grainyhead/Nuclear transcription factor-1 contributes to regulation of the Drosophila proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 35080-35088.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 35080-35088
    • Hayashi, Y.1    Yamagishi, M.2    Nishimoto, Y.3    Taguchi, O.4    Matsukage, A.5    Yamaguchi, M.6
  • 15
    • 0037020090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CBF binding mediates cell cycle activation of topoisomerase IIα: CBF activation domain are not required
    • Hu, Q., Bhattacharya, A. & Marty, S.N. (2002) CBF binding mediates cell cycle activation of topoisomerase IIα: CBF activation domain are not required. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 37191-37200.
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 37191-37200
    • Hu, Q.1    Bhattacharya, A.2    Marty, S.N.3
  • 16
    • 15444362640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichostatin A induces transforming growth factor β type II receptor promoter activity and acetylation of Sp1 by recruitment of PCAF/ p300 to a Sp1.NF-Y complex
    • Huang, W., Zhao, S., Ammanamanchi, S., Brattain, M., Venkatasubbarao, K. & Freeman, J.W. (2005) Trichostatin A induces transforming growth factor β type II receptor promoter activity and acetylation of Sp1 by recruitment of PCAF/p300 to a Sp1.NF-Y complex. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 10047-10054.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 10047-10054
    • Huang, W.1    Zhao, S.2    Ammanamanchi, S.3    Brattain, M.4    Venkatasubbarao, K.5    Freeman, J.W.6
  • 17
    • 36048984698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the Drosophila eIF4A gene as a target of the DREF transcription factor
    • Ida, H., Yoshida, H., Nakamura, K. & Yamaguchi, M. (2007) Identification of the Drosophila eIF4A gene as a target of the DREF transcription factor. Exp. Cell Res. 313, 4208-4220.
    • (2007) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.313 , pp. 4208-4220
    • Ida, H.1    Yoshida, H.2    Nakamura, K.3    Yamaguchi, M.4
  • 19
    • 8144231056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PVR plays a critical role via JNK activation in thorax closure during Drosophila metamorphosis
    • Ishimaru, S., Ueda, R., Hinohara, Y., Ohtani, M. & Hanafusa, H. (2004) PVR plays a critical role via JNK activation in thorax closure during Drosophila metamorphosis. EMBO J. 23, 3984-3994.
    • (2004) EMBO J. , vol.23 , pp. 3984-3994
    • Ishimaru, S.1    Ueda, R.2    Hinohara, Y.3    Ohtani, M.4    Hanafusa, H.5
  • 20
    • 0033551766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transactivation of the human cdc2 promoter by adenovirus E1A. E1A induces the expression and assembly of a heterotrimeric complex consisting of the CCAAT box binding factor
    • Kao, C.Y., Tanimoto, A., Arima, N., Sasaguri, Y. & Padmanabhan, R. (1999) Transactivation of the human cdc2 promoter by adenovirus E1A. E1A induces the expression and assembly of a heterotrimeric complex consisting of the CCAAT box binding factor. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 23043-23051.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 23043-23051
    • Kao, C.Y.1    Tanimoto, A.2    Arima, N.3    Sasaguri, Y.4    Padmanabhan, R.5
  • 21
    • 0034733560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila raf proto-oncogene by Drosophila STAT during development and in immune response
    • Kwon, E.J., Park, H.S., Kim, Y.S., Oh, E.J., Nishida, Y., Matsukage, A., Yoo, M.A. & Yamaguchi. M. (2000) Transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila raf proto-oncogene by Drosophila STAT during development and in immune response. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 19824-19830.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 19824-19830
    • Kwon, E.J.1    Park, H.S.2    Kim, Y.S.3    Oh, E.J.4    Nishida, Y.5    Matsukage, A.6    Yoo, M.A.7    Yamaguchi, M.8
  • 22
    • 0032030308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of 178 NF-Y binding CCAAT boxes
    • Mantovani, R. (1998) A survey of 178 NF-Y binding CCAAT boxes. Nucleic Acids Res. 26, 1135-1143.
    • (1998) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.26 , pp. 1135-1143
    • Mantovani, R.1
  • 23
    • 0032851812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular biology of the CCAAT-binding factor NF-Y
    • Mantovani, R. (1999) The molecular biology of the CCAAT-binding factor NF-Y. Gene 239, 15-27.
    • (1999) Gene , vol.239 , pp. 15-27
    • Mantovani, R.1
  • 24
    • 0032519787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Puckered encodes a phosphatase that mediates a feedback loop regulating JNK activity during dorsal closure in Drosophila
    • Martin-Blanco, E., Gampel, A., Ring, J., Virdee, K., Kirov, N., Tolkovsky, A. M. & Martinez-Arias, A. (1998) Puckered encodes a phosphatase that mediates a feedback loop regulating JNK activity during dorsal closure in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 12, 557-570.
    • (1998) Genes Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 557-570
    • Martin-Blanco, E.1    Gampel, A.2    Ring, J.3    Virdee, K.4    Kirov, N.5    Tolkovsky, A.M.6    Martinez-Arias, A.7
  • 25
    • 0034608815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JNK and decapentaplegic signaling control adhesiveness and cytoskeleton dynamics during thorax closure in Drosophila
    • Martin-Blanco, E., Pastor-Pareja, J.C. & Garcia-Bellido, A. (2000) JNK and decapentaplegic signaling control adhesiveness and cytoskeleton dynamics during thorax closure in Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 7888-7893.
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 7888-7893
    • Martin-Blanco, E.1    Pastor-Pareja, J.C.2    Garcia-Bellido, A.3
  • 26
    • 0343938844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) and cellular senescence
    • Matsuoka, K. & Chen, K. Y. (1999) Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) and cellular senescence. Exp. Cell Res. 253, 365-371.
    • (1999) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.253 , pp. 365-371
    • Matsuoka, K.1    Chen, K.Y.2
  • 27
    • 0033592944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEKK1 suppresses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes
    • Minamino, T., Yujiri, T., Papst, P.J., Chan, E.D., Johnson, G.L. & Terada, N. (1999) MEKK1 suppresses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 15127-15132.
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.96 , pp. 15127-15132
    • Minamino, T.1    Yujiri, T.2    Papst, P.J.3    Chan, E.D.4    Johnson, G.L.5    Terada, N.6
  • 28
    • 0032091098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of low-copy transcripts by continuous SYBR Green I monitoring during amplification
    • Morrison, T., Weis, J.J. & Wittwer, C.T. (1998) Quantification of low-copy transcripts by continuous SYBR Green I monitoring during amplification. Biotechniques 24, 954-962.
    • (1998) Biotechniques , vol.24 , pp. 954-962
    • Morrison, T.1    Weis, J.J.2    Wittwer, C.T.3
  • 29
    • 4444294569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOX7 and SOX17 regulate the parietal endoderm-specific enhancer activity of mouse Laminin α1 gene
    • Niimi, T., Hayashi, Y., Futaki, S. & Sekiguchi, K. (2004) SOX7 and SOX17 regulate the parietal endoderm-specific enhancer activity of mouse Laminin α1 gene. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 38055-38061.
    • (2004) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.279 , pp. 38055-38061
    • Niimi, T.1    Hayashi, Y.2    Futaki, S.3    Sekiguchi, K.4
  • 30
    • 0036741799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Splice activated UAS hairpin vector gives complete RNAi knockout of single or double target transcripts in Drosophila melamogaster
    • Reichhart, J.M., Ligoxygakis, P., Naitza, S., Woerfel, G., Imer, J.L. & Gubb, D. (2002) Splice activated UAS hairpin vector gives complete RNAi knockout of single or double target transcripts in Drosophila melamogaster. Genetics 34, 160-164.
    • (2002) Genetics , vol.34 , pp. 160-164
    • Reichhart, J.M.1    Ligoxygakis, P.2    Naitza, S.3    Woerfel, G.4    Imer, J.L.5    Gubb, D.6
  • 31
    • 0028054792 scopus 로고
    • Function of histocompatibility complex class II promoters required cooperative binding between factors RFX and NF-Y
    • Reith, W., Siegrist, C.A. Durand, B., Barras, E. & Mach, B. (1994) Function of histocompatibility complex class II promoters required cooperative binding between factors RFX and NF-Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 554-558.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 554-558
    • Reith, W.1    Siegrist, C.A.2    Durand, B.3    Barras, E.4    Mach, B.5
  • 32
    • 0029834756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila Jun-N-terminal kinase is required for cell morphogenesis but not for DJun-dependent cell fate specification in the eye
    • Riesgo-Escovar, J.R., Jenni, M., Fritz, A. & Hafen, E. (1996) The Drosophila Jun-N-terminal kinase is required for cell morphogenesis but not for DJun-dependent cell fate specification in the eye. Genes Dev. 10, 2759-2768.
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2759-2768
    • Riesgo-Escovar, J.R.1    Jenni, M.2    Fritz, A.3    Hafen, E.4
  • 33
    • 0023832435 scopus 로고
    • A stable genomic source of P-element transposase in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Robertson, H.M., Preston, C.R. & Philips. R.W. (1988) A stable genomic source of P-element transposase in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 118, 461-470.
    • (1988) Genetics , vol.118 , pp. 461-470
    • Robertson, H.M.1    Preston, C.R.2    Philips, R.W.3
  • 34
    • 0032475875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DNA replication-related element (DRE)/DRE-binding factor system is a transcriptional regulator of the Drosophila E2F gene
    • Sawado, T., Hirose, F., Takahashi, Y., Sasaki, T., Shinomiya, T., Sakaguchi, K., Matsukage, A. & Yamaguchi, M. (1998) The DNA replication-related element (DRE)/DRE-binding factor system is a transcriptional regulator of the Drosophila E2F gene. J. Biol. Chem. 273 26042-26051.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 26042-26051
    • Sawado, T.1    Hirose, F.2    Takahashi, Y.3    Sasaki, T.4    Shinomiya, T.5    Sakaguchi, K.6    Matsukage, A.7    Yamaguchi, M.8
  • 35
    • 33645818540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonistic regulation of the Drosophila PCNA gene promoter by DREF and Cut
    • Seto, H., Hayashi, Y., Kwon, E., Taguchi, O. & Yamaguchi, M. (2006) Antagonistic regulation of the Drosophila PCNA gene promoter by DREF and Cut. Genes Cells 11, 499-512.
    • (2006) Genes Cells , vol.11 , pp. 499-512
    • Seto, H.1    Hayashi, Y.2    Kwon, E.3    Taguchi, O.4    Yamaguchi, M.5
  • 36
    • 0029824847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A JNK signal transduction pathway that mediates morphogenesis and an immune response in Drosophila
    • Sluss, H.K., Han, Z., Barrett, T., Davis, R.J. & Ip, Y.T. (1996) A JNK signal transduction pathway that mediates morphogenesis and an immune response in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 10, 2745-2758.
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2745-2758
    • Sluss, H.K.1    Han, Z.2    Barrett, T.3    Davis, R.J.4    Ip, Y.T.5
  • 37
    • 0003627904 scopus 로고
    • (ed. D.B. Roberts), Oxford: IRL Press
    • Spradling, A.C. (1986) P-element-mediated transformation. In: Drosophila: A Practical Approach (ed. D.B. Roberts), pp. 175-197. Oxford: IRL Press.
    • (1986) P-element-mediated Transformation , pp. 175-197
    • Spradling, A.C.1
  • 38
    • 0032908347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FLP recombinase-mediated induction of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase transgene expression can extend the life span of adult Drosophila melanogaster
    • Sun, J. & Tower, J. (1999) FLP recombinase-mediated induction of Cu/ Zn superoxide dismutase transgene expression can extend the life span of adult Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 216-228.
    • (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 216-228
    • Sun, J.1    Tower, J.2
  • 39
    • 0033979243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of JNK by Src during Drosophila development
    • Tateno, M., Nishida, Y. & Adachi-Yamada, T. (2000) Regulation of JNK by Src during Drosophila development. Science 287, 324-327.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 324-327
    • Tateno, M.1    Nishida, Y.2    Adachi-Yamada, T.3
  • 40
    • 36549066736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drosophila Myc is required for normal DREF gene expression
    • Thao, D.T., Seto, H. & Yamaguchi, M. (2008) Drosophila Myc is required for normal DREF gene expression. Exp. Cell Res 314, 184-192.
    • (2008) Exp. Cell Res , vol.314 , pp. 184-192
    • Thao, D.T.1    Seto, H.2    Yamaguchi, M.3
  • 41
    • 33749150972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Drosophila skpA gene as novel target of the transcription factor DREF
    • Thao, D.T.P., Ida, H., Yoshida H. & Yamaguchi, M. (2006) Identification of Drosophila skpA gene as novel target of the transcription factor DREF. Exp. Cell Res. 312, 3461-3650.
    • (2006) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.312 , pp. 3461-3650
    • Thao, D.T.P.1    Ida, H.2    Yoshida, H.3    Yamaguchi, M.4
  • 43
    • 0242362732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JNK signaling confers tolerance to oxidative stress and extends lifespan in Drosophila
    • Wang, M.C., Bohmann, D & Jasper, H. (2003) JNK signaling confers tolerance to oxidative stress and extends lifespan in Drosophila. Dev. Cell 5, 811-816.
    • (2003) Dev. Cell , vol.5 , pp. 811-816
    • Wang, M.C.1    Bohmann, D.2    Jasper, H.3
  • 44
    • 0034603811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation, characterization, and differential expression of the murine SOX-2 promoter
    • Wiebe, M.S., Wilder, P.J., Kelly, D. & Rizzino, A. (2000) Isolation, characterization, and differential expression of the murine SOX-2 promoter. Gene 246, 283-393.
    • (2000) Gene , vol.246 , pp. 283-393
    • Wiebe, M.S.1    Wilder, P.J.2    Kelly, D.3    Rizzino, A.4
  • 45
    • 33846794601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex interference in the eye developmental pathway by Drosophila NF-YA
    • Yoshioka, Y., Suyari, O., Ohno, K., Hayashi, Y. & Yamaguchi, M. (2007) Complex interference in the eye developmental pathway by Drosophila NF-YA. Genesis 45, 21-31.
    • (2007) Genesis , vol.45 , pp. 21-31
    • Yoshioka, Y.1    Suyari, O.2    Ohno, K.3    Hayashi, Y.4    Yamaguchi, M.5
  • 46
    • 0032841759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thorax closure in Drosophila: Involvement of Fos and the JNK pathway
    • Zeitlinger, J. & Bohmann, D. (1999) Thorax closure in Drosophila: involvement of Fos and the JNK pathway. Development 126, 3947-3956.
    • (1999) Development , vol.126 , pp. 3947-3956
    • Zeitlinger, J.1    Bohmann, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.