Effects of long-term oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on serum thyroid hormone concentrations, clinicopathologicvariables, and echocardiographic measurements in healthy adult horses

American Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 68-75

  Frank, Nicholas ^a   Buchanan, Benjamin R ^a   Elliott, Sarah B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CREATINE KINASE MB; LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM; LIOTHYRONINE; THYRO L; THYROID HORMONE; THYROXINE; TROPONIN I; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BLOOD CELL COUNT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATINE KINASE BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFECT; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FEMALE; HEART FUNCTION; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HORSE; LIOTHYRONINE BLOOD LEVEL; MARE; NONHUMAN; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; THYROID FUNCTION; THYROID HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; THYROXINE BLOOD LEVEL; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANIMALS; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HORSES; RESPIRATION; THYROXINE; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; WEIGHT LOSS;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE;

EID: 38749137745     PISSN: 00029645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.1.68     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Sommardahl CS, Frank N, Elliott SB, et al. Effects of oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones and responses to injections of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in healthy adult mares. Am J Vet Res 2005;66:1025-1031.
2. Frank N, Sommardahl CS, Eiler H, et al. Effects of oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on concentrations of plasma lipids, concentration and composition of very-low-density lipoproteins, and glucose dynamics in healthy adult mares. Am J Vet Res 2005;66:1032-1038.
3. Biondi B, Fazio S, Carella C, et al. Cardiac effects of long term thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1993;77:334-338.
4. Ching GW, Franklyn JA, Stallard TJ, et al. Cardiac hypertrophy as a result of long-term thyroxine therapy and thyrotoxicosis. Heart 1996;75:363-368.
5. Shapiro LE, Sievert R, Ong L, et al. Minimal cardiac effects in asymptomatic athyreotic patients chronically treated with thyrotropin-suppressive doses of L-thyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:2592-2595.
6. Sawin CT, Geller A, Wolf PA, et al. Low serum thyrotropin concentrations as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in older persons. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1249-1252.
7. Casu M, Cappi C, Patrone V, et al. Sympatho-vagal control of heart rate variability in patients treated with suppressive doses of L-thyroxine for thyroid cancer. Eur J Endocrinol 2005;152:819-824.
8. Frank N, Elliott SB, Boston RC, et al. Effects of long-term oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on glucose dynamics in healthy adult horses. Am J Vet Res 2008;69:76-81.
9. Sojka JE, Johnson MA, Bottoms GD. Serum triiodothyronine, total thyroxine, and free thyroxine concentrations in horses. Am J Vet Res 1993;54:52-55.
10. Ramirez S, Wolfsheimer KJ, Moore RM, et al. Duration of effects of phenylbutazone on serum total thyroxine and free thyroxine concentrations in horses. J Vet Intern Med 1997;11:371-374.
11. Peek SF, Marques FD, Morgan J, et al. Atypical acute monensin toxicosis and delayed cardiomyopathy in belgian draft horses. J Vet intern Med 2004;18:761-764.
12. Long KJ, Bonagura JD, Darke PG. Standardised imaging technique for guided M-mode and Doppler echocardiography in the horse. Equine Vet J 1992;24:226-235.
13. Patteson MW, Gibbs C, Wotton PR, et al. Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions and indices of cardiac function in normal adult thoroughbred horses. Equine Vet J Suppl 1995;19:18-27.
14. Buhl R, Ersboll AK, Eriksen L, et al. Sources and magnitude of variation of echocardiographic measurements in normal standardbred horses. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2004;45:505-512.
15. Marr CM, Reef VB, Reimer JM, et al. An echocardiographic study of atrial fibrillation in horses: before and after conversion to sinus rhythm. J Vet Intern Med 1995;9:336-340.
16. Slater JD, Herrtage ME. Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in normal ponies and horses. Equine Vet J Suppl 1995;19:28-32.
17. Alberts MK, McCann JP, Woods PR. Hemithyroidectomy in a horse with confirmed hyperthyroidism. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217:1051-1054.
18. Ramirez S, McClure JJ, Moore RM, et al. Hyperthyroidism associated with a thyroid adenocarcinoma in a 21-year-old gelding. J Vet Intern Med 1998;12:475-477.
19. Slack JA, McGuirk SM, Erb HN, et al. Biochemical markers of cardiac injury in normal, surviving septic, or nonsurviving septic neonatal foals. J Vet Intern Med 2005;19:577-580.
20. Sticker LS, Thompson DL Jr, Bunting LD, et al. Dietary protein and (or) energy restriction in mares: plasma glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acid, and urea nitrogen responses to feeding, glucose, and epinephrine. J Anim Sci 1995;73:136-144.
21. Sojka JE. Hypothyroidism in horses. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1995;17:845-852.
22. Sojka JE, Levy M. Evaluation of endocrine function. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1995;11:415-435.
23. Rothschild CM, Hines MT, Breuhaus B, et al. Effects of trimethoprim-sulfadiazine on thyroid function of horses. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18:370-373.
24. Meredith TB, Dobrinski I. Thyroid function and pregnancy status in broodmares. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;224:892-894.
25. Breuhaus BA. Thyroid function in mature horses ingesting endophyte-infected fescue seed. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003;223:340-345.
26. Toribio RE, Duckett WM. Thyroid gland. In: Reed SM, Bayly WM, Sellon DC, eds. Equine internal medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 2004;1340-1356.
27. 4 bioequivalence and hormone replacement studies via feedback control simulations. Thyroid 2006;16:1279-1292.
28. Roos A, Linn-Rasker SP, van Domburg RI, et al. The starting dose of levothyroxine in primary hypothyroidism treatment: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165:1714-1720.
29. Bauer M, London ED, Rasgon N, et al. Supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine alter regional cerebral metabolism and improve mood in bipolar depression. Mol Psychiatry 2005;10:456-469.
30. Mercuro G, Panzuto MG, Bina A, et al. Cardiac function, physical exercise capacity, and quality of life during long-term thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine: effect of individual dose tailoring. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2000;85:159-164.