Stress above wind-plus-paddle waves: Modeling of a laboratory experiment

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 37, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 2824-2837

  Makin, V K ^a   Branger, H ^b   Peirson, W L ^c   Giovanangeli, J P ^b  

^a ROYAL NETHERLANDS METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE KNMI   (Netherlands)

^b CNRS   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; STRESS CONCENTRATION; WIND EFFECTS;

WIND-OVER-WAVE COUPLING THEORY; WIND-WAVE FIELD;

WATER WAVES;

EXPERIMENT; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; MODELING; WAVE; WAVE FIELD; WIND STRESS; WIND WAVE;

EID: 38549148353     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2007JPO3550.1     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Babanin, A. V., I. R. Young, and M. L. Banner, 2001: Breaking probability for dominant waves on water of finite constant depth. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 11659-11676.
2. Banner, M. L., 1990: The influence of wave breaking on the surface pressure distribution in wind wave interaction. J. Fluid Mech., 211, 463-495.
3. Banner, and W. L. Peirson, 1998: Tangential stress beneath wind-driven air-water interfaces. J. Fluid Mech., 364, 115-145.
4. Banner, A. V. Babanin, and I. R. Young, 2000: Breaking probability for dominant waves on the sea surface. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 3145-3160.
5. Belcher, S. E., and J. C. R. Hunt, 1993: Turbulent shear flow over slowly moving waves. J. Fluid Mech., 251, 109-148.
6. Chen, G., and S. E. Belcher, 2000: Effects of long waves on wind-generated waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2246-2256.
7. Coantic, M., A. Ramamonjiarisoa, P. Mestayer, F. Resch, and A. Favre, 1981: Wind-water tunnel simulation of small-scale ocean-atmosphere interactions. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 6607-6626.
8. Donelan, M. A., 1987: The effect of swell on the growth of wind waves. Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig., 8, 18-23.
9. Donelan, J. Hamilton, and W. H. Hui, 1985: Directional spectra of wind-generated waves. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A315, 509-562.
10. Donelan, W. M. Drennan, and K. B. Katsaros, 1997: The air-sea momentum flux in conditions of wind sea and swell. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 2087-2099.
11. Drennan, W. M., H. C. Graber, and M. A. Donelan, 1999: Evidence for the effects of swell and unsteady winds on marine wind stress. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1853-1864.
12. Elfouhaily, T., B. Chapron, K. Katsaros, and D. Vandemark, 1997: A unified directional spectrum for long and short wind-driven waves. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 15781-15796.
13. Guo-Larsen, X., V. K. Makin, and A. S. Smedman, 2003: Impact of waves on the sea drag: Measurements in the Baltic Sea and a model interpretation. Global Atmos. Ocean Syst., 9, 97-120.
14. Hatori, M., M. Tokuda, and Y. Toba, 1981: Experimental study on strong interaction between regular waves and wind waves. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 37, 111-119.
15. Kahma, K. K., and C. J. Calkoen, 1992: Reconciling discrepancies in the observed growth of wind-generated waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1389-1405.
16. Kharif, C., and A. Ramamonjiarisoa, 1988: Deep-water gravity wave instabilities at large steepness. Phys. Fluids, 31, 1286-1288.
17. Kudryavtsev, V. N., and V. K. Makin, 2001: The impact of air-flow separation on the drag of the sea surface. Bound-Layer Meteor., 98, 155-171.
18. Kudryavtsev, V. N., and V. K. Makin, 2004: Impact of swell on marine atmospheric boundary layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 934-949.
19. Kudryavtsev, V. N., V. K. Makin, and B. Chapron, 1999: Coupled sea surface-atmosphere model. 2. Spectrum of short wind waves. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7625-7639.
20. Longuet-Higgins, M. S., 1957: The statistical analysis of a random moving surface. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A249, 321-387.
21. Maat, N., and V. K. Makin, 1992: Air-flow above breaking waves. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 60, 77-93.
22. Makin, V. K., and V. N. Kudryavtsev, 1999: Coupled sea surface-atmosphere model. 1. Wind over waves coupling. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7613-7623.
23. Makin, V. K., and V. N. Kudryavtsev, 2002: Impact of dominant waves on sea drag. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 103, 83-99.
24. Makin, V. K., and V. N. Kudryavtsev, 2003: Wind-over-waves coupling. Wind over Waves IP Forecasting and Fundamentals of Application, S. G. Sajjadi and J. C. R. Hunt, Eds., Horwood Publishing, 46-56.
25. Makin, V. K., V. N. Kudryavtsev and C. Mastenbroek, 1995: Drag of the sea surface. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 79, 159-182.
26. Meirink, J. F., V. N. Kudryavtsev, and V. K. Makin, 2003: Note on the growth rate of water waves propagating at an arbitrary angle to the wind. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 106, 171-183.
27. Mitsuyasu, H., 1966: Interactions between water waves and wind (I). Rep. Res. Inst. Appl. Mech. Kyushu Univ., 14, 67-88.
28. Peirson, W. L., H. Branger, J. P. Giovanangeli, and M. L. Banner, 2004: The response of wind drag to underlying swell slope. Water Research Laboratory Research Rep. 223, University of New South Wales, 51 pp.
29. Phillips, O. M., 1985: Spectral and statistical properties of the equilibrium range in wind-generated gravity waves. J. Fluid Mech., 156, 505-531.
30. Phillips, O. M., and M. L. Banner, 1974: Wave breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell. J. Fluid Mech., 66, 625-640.
31. Song, J.-B., and M. L. Banner, 2002: On determining the onset and strength of breaking for deep water waves. Part I: Unforced irrotational wave groups. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 2541-2558.
32. Srokosz, M. A., 1986: On the probability of wave breaking in deep water. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 382-385.
33. Stewart, R. W., 1974: The air-sea momentum exchange. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 6, 151-167.
34. Xu, D., P. A. Hwang, and J. Wu, 1986: Breaking of wind-generated waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 2172-2178.
35. Yelland, M., and P. Taylor, 1996: Wind stress measurements from the open ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 541-558.
36. Yermakov, S. A., K. D. Ruvinskiy, S. G. Salashin, and G. I. Freydman, 1986: Experimental investigation of the generation of capillary-gravity ripples by strongly non-linear waves on the surface of a deep fluid. Izv. Atmos. Ocean Phys., 22, 835-842.