Variable very high energy γ-ray emission from markarian 501

Astrophysical Journal

Volumn 669, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 862-883

  Albert, J ^a   Aliu, E ^b   Anderhub, H ^c   Antoranz, P ^d   Armada, A ^b   Baixeras, C ^e   Barrio, J A ^d   Bartko, H ^f   Bastieri, D ^g   Becker, J K ^h   Bednarek, W ⁱ   Berger, K ^a   Bigongiari, C ^g   Biland, A ^c   Bock, R K ^f,g   Bordas, P ^j   Bosch Ramon, V ^j   Bretz, T ^a   Britvitch, I ^c   Camara, M ^d   Carmona, E ^f   Chilingarian, A ^k   Coarasa, J A ^f   Commichau, S ^c   Contreras, J L ^d   Cortina, J ^b   Costado, M T ^l,m   Curtef, V ^h   Danielyan, V ^k   Dazzi, F ^g   De Angelis, A ⁿ   Delgado, C ^l   De Los Reyes, R ^d   De Lotto, B ⁿ   Domingo Santamaria E ^b   Dorner, D ^a   Doro, M ^g   Errando, M ^b   Fagiolini, M ^o   Ferenc, D ^p   Fernandez E ^b   Firpo, R ^b   Flix, J ^b   Fonseca, M V ^d   Font, L ^e   Fuchs, M ^f   Galante, N ^f   Garcia Lofez R J ^l,m   Garczarczyk, M ^f   Gaug, M ^l   Giller, M ^f   Goebel, F ^f   Hakobyan, D ^k   Hayashida, M ^f   Hengstebeck, T ^q   Herrero, A ^l,m   Hohne D ^a   Hose, J ^f   Hrupec, D ^p,r   Hsu, C C ^f   Jacon, P ⁱ   Jogler, T ^f   Kosyra, R ^f   Kranich, D ^c   Kritzer, R ^a   Laille, A ^p   Lindfors, E ^s   Lombardi, S ^g   Longo, F ⁿ   Lopez J ^b   Lopez M ^d   Lorenz, E ^c,f   Majumdar, P ^f   Maneva, G ^t   Mannheim, K ^a   Mansutti, O ⁿ   Mariotti M ^g   Martinez M ^b   Mazin, D ^b   Merck, C ^f   Meucci, M ^o   Meyer, M ^a   Miranda, J M ^d   Mirzoyan, R ^f   Mizobuchi, S ^f   Moralejo, A ^b   Nieto, D ^d   Nilsson, K ^s   Ninkovic, J ^f   Ona Wilhelmi E ^b   Otte, N ^f,q   Oya, I ^d   Paneque, D ^f,u   Panniello, M ^l   Paoletti, R ^o   Paredes, J M ^j   Pasanen, M ^s   Pascoli, D ^g   Pauss, F ^c   Pegna, R ^o   Persic, M ^n,v   Peruzzo, L ^g   Piccioli, A ^o   Prandini, E ^g   Puchades, N ^b   Raymers, A ^k   Rhode, W ^h   Ribo M ^j   Rico, J ^b   Rissi, M ^c   Robert, A ^e   Rugamer S ^a   Saggion, A ^g   Sarro, T ^f   Sanchez A ^e   Sartori, P ^g   Scalzotto, V ^g   Scapin, V ⁿ   Schmitt, R ^a   Schweizer, T ^f   Shayduk, M ^f,q   Shinozaki, K ^f   Shore, S N ^w   Sidro, N ^b   Sillanpaa A ^s   Sobczynska, D ⁱ   Stamerra, A ^o   Stark, L S ^c   Takalo, L ^s   Tavecchio, F ^x   Temnikov, P ^t   Tescaro, D ^b   Teshima, M ^f   Torres, D F ^b,y   Turini, N ^o   Vankov, H ^t   Vitale, V ⁿ   Wagner, R M ^f   Wibig, T ⁱ   Wittek, W ^f   Zandanel, F ^g   Zanin, R ^b   Zapatero, J ^e   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

^b BARCELONA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Spain)

^c ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^d UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID   (Spain)

^e UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^f MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR PHYSIK   (Germany)

^g UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^h TU DORTMUND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

^j UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^k YEREVAN PHYSICS INSTITUTE   (Armenia)

^l INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS   (Spain)

^m UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA   (Spain)

ⁿ UNIVERSITY OF UDINE   (Italy)

^o UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^p UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^q HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^r RUDER BO KOVI INSTITUTE   (Croatia)

^s UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

^t INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY   (Bulgaria)

^u SLAC NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY   (United States)

^v SEZIONE DI TRIESTE   (Italy)

^w UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

^x INAF IASF MILANO   (Italy)

^y INSTITUT DE CIÈNCIES DE L ESPAI CSIC IEEC   (Spain)

more..

Author keywords

BL lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501); Instrumentation: detectors (MAGIC)

Indexed keywords

EID: 38349001955     PISSN: 0004637X     EISSN: 15384357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/521382     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Aharonian, F. A. 2000, NewA, 5, 377
2. Aharonian, F. A., et al. 1999a, A&A, 342, 69
3. _. 1999b, A&A, 349, 11
4. _. 2001, ApJ, 546, 898
5. _. 2003, A&A, 403, L1
6. _. 2004, ApJ, 614, 897
7. _. 2006a, Nature, 440, 1018
8. _. 2006b, Science, 314, 1424
9. _. 2007, ApJ, 664, L71
10. Albert, J. 2006, preprint (astro-ph/0612385)
11. Anykeyev, V. B., et al. 1991, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 303, 350
12. Atoyan, A. M., & Dermer, C. D. 2003, ApJ, 586, 79
13. Baixeras, C., et al. 2004, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 518, 188
14. Bassani, L., & Dean, J. 1981, Nature, 294, 332
15. Beall, J. H., & Bednarek, W. 1999, ApJ, 510, 188
16. Bednarek, W. 1993, ApJ, 402, L29
17. Bednarek, W., & Protheroe, R. J. 1997a, MNRAS, 287, L9
18. _. 1997b, MNRAS, 290, 139
19. Bednarek, W., & Protheroe, R. J. 1999, MNRAS, 310, 577
20. Bertero, M. 1989, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics, Vol. 75 (New York: Academic)
21. Bityukov, S., et al. 2006, On the Combining Significances (arXiv:physics/0612178)
22. Blandford, R. D., & Königl, A. 1979, ApJ, 232, 34
23. Blandford, R. D., & Rees, M. J. 1978, in Proc. Pittsburgh Conference on BL Lac Objects, ed. A. Wolfe (Pittsburgh: Univ. Pittsburgh Press), 328
24. Böttcher, M. 2002, in Proc. XXII Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Gamma-ray Universe," ed. A. Goldwurm, D. Neumann, & J. Tran Thanh Van (Hanoi: Gioi), 151
25. Bradbury, S. M., et al. 1997, A&A, 320, L5
26. Cortina, J., et al. 2005, in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf. (India), 359
27. Costamante, L., & Ghisellini, G. 2002, A&A, 384, 56
28. Dar, A., & Laor, A. 1997, ApJ, 478, L5
29. Dermer, C. D., & Schlickeiser, R. 1993, ApJ, 4.16, 458
30. Djanati-Ataï, A., et al. 1999, A&A, 350, 17
31. Dondi, L., & Ghisellini, G. 1995, MNRAS, 273, 583
32. Edelson, R., et al. 2002, ApJ, 568, 610
33. Gaidos, J. A., et al. 1996, Nature, 383, 319
34. Gaug, M. 2006, Ph.D. thesis, IFAE Barcelona
35. Georganopoulos, M., & Kazanas, D. 2003, ApJ, 594, L27
36. Ghisellini, G., & Madau, P. 1996, MNRAS, 280, 67
37. Ghisellini, G., Tavecchio, F., & Chiaberge, M. 2005, A&A, 432, 401
38. Gliozzi, M., et al. 2006, ApJ, 646, 61
39. Hayashida, N., et al. 1998, ApJ, 504, L71
40. Hillas, A. M. 1985, in Proc. 19th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf. (La Jolla), 445
41. Hillas, A. M., et al. 1998, ApJ, 503, 744
42. Hrupec, D. 2007, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Zagreb
43. Kataoka, J., et al. 1999, ApJ, 514, 138
44. Katarzyński, K., Sol, H., & Kus, A. 2001, A&A, 367, 809
45. Kirk, J. G., & Mastichiadis, A. 1999, Astropart. Phys., 11, 45
46. Kneiske, T. M., et al. 2004, A&A, 413, 807
47. Kranich, D. 2000, Ph.D. thesis, MPI Munich
48. Krawczynski, H. 2007, ApJ, 659, 1063
49. Krawczynski, H., Coppi, P. S., & Aharonian, F. 2002, MNRAS, 336, 721
50. Krawczynski, K., et al. 2004, ApJ, 601, 151
51. Li, T., & Ma, Y. 1983, ApJ, 272, 317
52. Mannheim, K. 1993, A&A, 269, 67
53. Mannheim, K., & Biermann, P. L. 1992, A&A, 253, L21
54. Maraschi, L., Ghisellini, G., & Celotti, A. 1992, ApJ, 397, L5
55. Marscher, A. P., & Gear, W. K. 1985, ApJ, 298, 114
56. Massaro, E., et al. 2004, A&A, 413, 489
57. _. 2006, A&A, 448, 861
58. Mattox, J. R., et al. 1993, ApJ, 410, 609
59. McBreen, B. 1979, A&A, 71, L19
60. Mücke, A., et al. 2003, Astropart. Phys., 18, 593
61. Multi-Messenger Group 2006, Gamma-Ray Data
62. Nandra, K., et al. 1997, ApJ, 476, 70
63. Nilsson, K., et al. 2007, A&A, in press (arXiv: 0709.2533)
64. Osone, S. 2006, Astropart. Phys., 26, 209
65. Paneque, D. 2004, Ph.D. thesis, MPI Munich
66. Pian, E., et al. 1998, ApJ, 492, L17
67. Piron, F. 2000, Ph.D. thesis, LPNHE Ecole Polytechnique
68. _. 2003, in Very High-Energy Phenomena in the Universe, Proc. XXXVI Rencontres de Moriond, ed. M. Boër & J. Tran Thanh Van (Les Arcs: Thé Giói), 73
69. Poe, G. L., Giraud, K. L., & Loomis, J. B. 2005, Am. J. Agricultural Economics, 87 (2), 353
70. Pohl, M., & Schlieckeiser, R. 2000, A&A, 354, 395
71. Primack, J., et al. 2005, in AIP Conf. Proc. 745, High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy, ed. F. A. Aharonian, H. J. Völk, & D. Horns (New York: AIP), 23 Quinn, J., et al. 1996, ApJ, 456, L83
72. _. 1999, ApJ, 518, 693
73. Ravasio, M., et al. 2004, A&A, 424, 841
74. Rees, M. J. 1984, ARA&A, 22, 471
75. Rieger, F. M., & Mannheim, K. 2000, A&A, 359, 948
76. _. 2003, A&A, 397, 121
77. Samuelson, F. W., et al. 1998, ApJ, 501, L17
78. Schweizer, T. 2004, Ph.D. thesis, IFAE Barcelona
79. Sikora, M., et al. 1994, ApJ, 421, 153
80. Stecker, F. W., et al. 2006, ApJ, 648, 774
81. _. 2007, ApJ, 658, 1392
82. Tavecchio, F., et al. 2001, ApJ, 554, 725
83. Taylor, J. R. 1.997, An Introduction to Error Analysis (Mill Valley: University Science Books)
84. Ulrich, M. H., et al. 1997, ARA&A, 35, 445
85. Urry, C. M., & Padovani, P. 1995, PASP, 107, 803
86. Vaughan, S., et al. 2003, MNRAS, 345, 1271
87. Wagner, R. M., et al. 2005, in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf. (Pune), 163
88. Xue, Y., & Cui, W. 2005, ApJ, 622, 160
89. Zhang, Y. H., et al. 2006a, ApJ, 637, 699
90. _ . 2006b, ApJ, 651, 782