Mood-stabilizing pharmacological treatment in bipolar disorders and risk of suicide

Bipolar Disorders

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 87-94

  Søndergård, Lars ^a   Lopez, Ana Garcia ^b   Andersen, Per Kragh ^b   Kessing, Lars Vedel ^a  

^a Rigshospitalet   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Anticonvulsants; Bipolar disorder; Drug discontinuation; Lithium; Pharmacoepidemiology; Suicide

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; LITHIUM; MOOD STABILIZER;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DENMARK; DISEASE REGISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG USE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTICONVULSANTS; ANTIMANIC AGENTS; BIPOLAR DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK; SUICIDE;

EID: 38049150608     PISSN: 13985647     EISSN: 13995618     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00464.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Kessing LV, Olsen EW, Andersen PK. Recurrence in affective disorder: analyses with frailty models. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 149: 404-411.
2. Kessing LV, Hansen MG, Andersen PK. Course of illness in depressive and bipolar disorders. Naturalistic study, 1994-1999. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 185: 372-377.
3. Kessing LV, Hansen MG, Andersen PK, Angst J. The predictive effect of episodes on the risk of recurrence in depressive and bipolar disorders - a life-long perspective. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004; 109: 339-344.
4. Angst J, Sellaro R. Historical perspectives and natural history of bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2000; 48: 445-457.
5. Hiroeh U, Appleby L, Mortensen PB, Dunn G. Death by homicide, suicide, and other unnatural causes in people with mental illness: A population-based study. Lancet 2001; 358: 2110-2112.
6. Hoyer EH. Causes of Death and Risk Factors for Suicide in Patients Hospitalised During the Period 1073-1995 with an Affective Disorder. Aarhus: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, 2002.
7. Hoyer EH, Mortensen PB, Olesen AV. Mortality and causes of death in a total national sample of patients with affective disorders admitted for the first time between 1973 and 1993. Br J Psychiatry 2000; 176: 76-82.
8. Angst F, Stassen HH, Clayton PJ, Angst J. Mortality of patients with mood disorders: Follow-up over 34-38years. J Affect Disord 2002; 68: 2-3.
9. Harris EC, Barraclough B. Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 170: 205-228.
10. Rihmer Z, Kiss K. Bipolar disorders and suicidal behaviour. Bipolar Disord 2002; 4(Suppl. 1): 21-25.
11. Hoyer EH, Olesen AV, Mortensen PB. Suicide risk in patients hospitalised because of an affective disorder: A follow-up study, 1973-1993. J Affect Disord 2004; 78: 209-217.
12. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Hennen J. Effects of lithium treatment and its discontinuation on suicidal behavior in bipolar manic-depressive disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60(Suppl. 2): 77-84.
13. Maj M. The impact of lithium prophylaxis on the course of bipolar disorder: A review of the research evidence. Bipolar Disord 2000; 2: 93-101.
14. Burgess S, Geddes J, Hawton K, Townsend E, Jamison K, Goodwin G. Lithium for maintenance treatment of mood disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; 3: CD003013.
15. Geddes JR, Burgess S, Hawton K, Jamison K, Goodwin GM. Long-term lithium therapy for bipolar disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161: 217-222.
16. Bowden CL. Valproate. Bipolar Disord 2003; 5: 189-202.
17. Gnanadesikan M, Freeman MP, Gelenberg AJ. Alternatives to lithium and divalproex in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2003; 5: 203-216.
18. Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ, Hennen J, Floris G, Silvetti F, Tohen M. Lithium treatment and risk of suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59: 405-414.
19. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Hennen J. Treating the suicidal patient with bipolar disorder. Reducing suicide risk with lithium. Ann NY Acad Sci 2001; 932: 24-38.
20. Tondo L, Hennen J, Baldessarini RJ. Lower suicide risk with long-term lithium treatment in major affective illness: A meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001; 104: 163-172.
21. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Hennen J. Lithium treatment and suicide risk in major affective disorders: Update and new findings. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64(Suppl. 5): 44-52.
22. Tondo L, Isacsson G, Baldessarini R. Suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder: Risk and prevention. CNS Drugs 2003; 17: 491-511.
23. Hawton K, Sutton L, Haw C, Sinclair J, Harriss L. Suicide and attempted suicide in bipolar disorder: A systematic review of risk factors. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 693-704.
24. Cipriani A, Pretty H, Hawton K, Geddes JR. Lithium in the prevention of suicidal behavior and all-cause mortality in patients with mood disorders: A systematic review of randomized trials. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 1805-1819.
25. Kessing LV, Sondergard L, Kvist K, Andersen PK. Suicide risk in patients treated with lithium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62: 860-866.
26. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Viguera AC. Discontinuing lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorders: Risks and implications. Bipolar Disord 1999; 1: 17-24.
27. Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ. Reduced suicide risk during lithium maintenance treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2000; 61(Suppl. 9): 97-104.
28. Mortensen PB, Agerbo E, Erikson T, Qin P, Westergaard-Nielsen N. Psychiatric illness and risk factors for suicide in Denmark. Lancet 2000; 355: 9-12.
29. Munk-Jorgensen P, Mortensen PB. The Danish Psychiatric Central Register. Dan Med Bull 1997; 44: 82-84.
30. Sorensen HT, Larsen BO. A population-based Danish data resource with possible high validity in pharmacoepidemiological research. J Med Syst 1994; 18: 33-38.
31. Medicinal Product Statistics 1998-2002. Denmark: Copenhagen: The Danish Medicines Agency, 2003.
32. Juel K, Helweg-Larsen K. The Danish registers of causes of death. Dan Med Bull 1999; 46: 354-357.
33. Statistics Denmark. SOCIO Danmarks Statistiks Socioøkonomiske Klassifikation, 1st edn. Copenhagen: Danmarks Statistik, 1997.
34. Malig C. The Civil Registration System in Denmark, II VRS Technical Paper, No 66. Betheseda: International Institute for Vital Registration and Statistics, 1996.
35. Danmarks Statistik. Statistics on Persons in Denmark. A Register-Based Statistical System. Luxemburg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Eurostat, 1995.
36. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. ATC Index with DDDs. Oslo: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics, 2003.
37. Clayton D, Hills M. Statistical Models in Epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
38. The Danish National Board of Health. Dødsårsagsregisteret, Sund-hedsstyrelsen, 2006. http://sundhedsstyrelsen.dk/ Informatik_og_sundhedsdata/Download_sundhedsstatistik/Doedsaarsager/ DSN.aspx?lang=da. Accessed on 28 November 2006.
39. Appleby L, Shaw J, Amos T et.al. Suicide within 12months of contact with mental health services: National clinical survey. BMJ 1999; 318: 1235-1239.
40. Goldacre M, Seagroatt V, Hawton K. Suicide after discharge from psychiatric inpatient care. Lancet 1993; 342: 283-286.
41. Brodersen A, Licht RW, Vestergaard P, Olesen AV. Sixteen-year mortality in patients with affective disorder commenced on lithium. Br J Psychiatry 2000; 176: 429-433.
42. Licht RW, Vestergaard P, Kessing LV, Larsen JK, Thomsen PH. Psychopharmacological treatment with lithium and antiepileptic drugs: suggested guidelines from the Danish Psychiatric Association and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Association in Denmark. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2003; 419: 1-22.
43. Bostwick JM, Pankratz VS. Affective disorders and suicide risk: A reexamination. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 1925-1932.
44. Viguera AC, Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ. Sex differences in response to lithium treatment. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 1509-1511.
45. Osby U, Brandt L, Correia N, Ekbom A, Sparen P. Excess mortality in bipolar and unipolar disorder in Sweden. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 844-850.
46. Kessing LV, Søndergård L, Kvist K, Andersen PK. Adherence to lithium in naturalistic settings - results from a nation-wide pharmacoepidemiological study. Bipolar Disord 2007; 9: 730-736.