Effects of lithium treatment its discontinuation on suicidal behavior in bipolar manic-depressive disorders

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 60, Issue SUPPL. 2, 1999, Pages 77-84

  Baldessarini, Ross J ^b   Tondo, Leonardo ^a   Hennen, John ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAGLIARI   (Italy)

^b MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBAMAZEPINE; CLOZAPINE; LITHIUM; PAROXETINE; VALPROIC ACID;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECTIVE NEUROSIS; AGED; CHILD; CONFERENCE PAPER; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MANIC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS; MENTAL DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY; SUICIDE; SUICIDE ATTEMPT;

BIPOLAR DISORDER; CAUSE OF DEATH; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; ITALY; LITHIUM; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; RECURRENCE; RISK FACTORS; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; SUICIDE;

EID: 0032993716     PISSN: 01606689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (58)

1. Taube CA, Barrett SA, eds. Mental Health: United States. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1985. NIMH publication 1378
2. Roy A. Suicide. In: Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ, eds. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, vol 2, 5th ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins; 1989: 1414-1427
3. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic-Depressive Illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1990
4. Faedda GL, Baldessarini RJ, Suppes T, et al. Pediatric-onset bipolar disorder: a neglected clinical and public health problem. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1995;3:171-195
5. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Suppes T, et al. Pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder throughout the life-cycle. In: Shulman KI, Tohen M, Kutcher S, eds. Bipolar Disorder Through the Life-Cycle. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1996:299-338
6. Harris EC, Barraclough B. Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders: a meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1997;170:205-228
7. Hirschfeld RMA, Russell JM. Assessment and treatment of suicidal patients. N Engl J Med 1997;337:910-915
8. Stoff DM, Mann JJ. eds. The Neurobiology of Suicide. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1997;836:1-365
9. Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ, Floris G, et al. Lithium treatment and risk of suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59: 405-414
10. Jacobs D, ed. Harvard Medical School Guide to Assessment and Intervention in Suicide. New York, NY: Simon & Shuster; 1998. In press
11. Kessler RC, McGonigle KA, Zhao S. et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the US: results from the national comorbidity study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:8-19
12. Tondo L. Baldessarini RJ, Hennen J, et al. Lithium maintenance treatment: depression and mania in bipolar I and II disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:638-645
13. Weeke A. Causes of death in manic-depressives. In: Schou M, Strömgren E, eds. Prevention and Treatment of Affective Disorders. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1979:289-299
14. Angst J, Stassen HH, Gross G, et al. Suicide in affective and schizoaffective disorders. In: Marneros A, Tsuang MT, eds. Affective and Schizoaffective Disorders. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 1990:168-185
15. Nilsson A. Mortality in recurrent mood disorders during periods on and off lithium: a complete population study in 362 patients. Pharmacopsychiatry 1995;28:8-13
16. Sharma R, Markar HR. Mortality in affective disorder. J Affect Disord 1994;31:91-96
17. Wyatt RJ, Henter I. An economic evaluation of manic-depressive illness. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1995;30:213-219
18. Baldessarini RJ. Drugs and the treatment of psychiatric disorders: antimanic and antidepressant agents. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Molinoff PB, et al, eds. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill 1996:431-459
19. Avery D, Winokur G. The efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressants in depression. Biol Psychiatry 1977;12:507-523
20. Keller MB, Lavori PW, Klerman GL, et al. Low levels and lack of predictors of somatotherapy and psychotherapy received by depressed patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:458-466
21. McCombs JS, Nichol MB, Stimmel GL, et al. Cost of antidepressant drug therapy failure: a study of antidepressant use patterns in a Medicaid population. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51(6, suppl):60-69
22. Isacsson G, Boëthius G, Bergman U. Low level of antidepressant prescription for people who later commit suicide: 15 years of experience from a population-based drug database in Sweden. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992;85: 444-448
23. Isacsson G, Bergman U, Rich CL. Epidemiological data suggest antidepressants reduce suicide risk among depressives. J Affect Disord 1996;41: 1-8
24. Isacsson G, Holmgren P, Druid H, et al. The utilization of antidepressants - a key issue in the prevention of suicide: an analysis of 5281 suicides in Sweden during the period 1992-1994. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1997;96: 94-100
25. Teicher MH, Glod CA, Cole JO. Antidepressant drugs and the emergence of suicidal tendencies. Drug Saf 1993;3:186-212
26. Zornberg GL, Pope HG Jr. Treatment of depression in bipolar disorder: new directions for research. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;13:397-408
27. Gunell D, Frankel S. Prevention of suicide: aspirations and evidence. BMJ 1994;308:1227-1233
28. Freemantle N, House A, Song F, et al. Prescribing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as strategy for prevention of suicide. BMJ 1994;309: 249-253
29. Öhberg A, Lonqvist J, Sarna S, et al. Trends and availability of suicide methods in Finland: proposals for restrictive measures. Br J Psychiatry 1995;166:35-43
30. Montgomery SA, Pinder RM. Do some antidepressants promote suicide? Psychopharmacology 1987;92:265-266
31. Suppes T, Baldessarini RJ, Suppes T, et al. Risk of recurrence following discontinuation of lithium treatment in bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:1082-1088
32. Faedda GL, Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ, et al. Outcome after rapid vs. gradual discontinuation of lithium treatment in bipolar disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:448-455
33. Baldessarini RJ, Suppes T, Tondo L. Lithium withdrawal in bipolar disorder: implications for clinical practice and experimental therapeutics research. Am J Therapeutics 1996;3:492-496
34. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Faedda GL, et al. Effects of the rate of discontinuing lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57:441-448
35. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Floris G, et al. Reduced morbidity after gradually discontinuing lithium in bipolar I and II disorders: a replication study. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:548-550
36. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L. Effects of discontinuing lithium treatment in bipolar manic-depressive disorders. Clin Drug Invest 1998;15:337-351
37. Viguera AC, Baldessarini RJ, Friedberg J. Risks of interrupting continuation or maintenance treatment with antidepressants in major depressive disorders. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1998;5:293-306
38. Viguera AC, Baldessarini RJ, Hegarty JM, et al. Risk of discontinuing maintenance medication in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997;54: 49-55
39. Tondo L, Jamison KR, Baldessarini RJ. Effect of lithium on suicide risk in bipolar disorder patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1997;836:339-351
40. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L. Antisuicidal effect of lithium treatment in major mood disorders. In: Jacobs D, ed. Harvard Medical School Guide to Suicide Assessment and Intervention. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass; 1998:355-371
41. Crundwell JK. Lithium and its potential benefit in reducing increased mortality rates due to suicide. Lithium 1994;5:193-204
42. Coppen A, Standish-Barry J, Bailey J, et al. Does lithium reduce the mortality of recurrent mood disorders? J Affect Disord 1991;23:1-7
43. Ahrens B, Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Schou M, et al. Excess cardiovascular and suicide mortality of affective disorders may be reduced by lithium prophylaxis. J Affect Disord 1995;33:67-75
44. Angst J, Sellaro R, Angst F. Long-term outcome and mortality of treated vs untreated bipolar and depressed patients: a preliminary report. Int J Psychiatr Clin Pract. In press
45. Wickham EA, Reed FV. Lithium for the control of aggressive and self-mutilating behavior. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1977;2:181-190
46. Cappiello A, Sernyak MJ, Malison RT. et al. Effects of acute tryptophan depletion in lithium-remitted manic patients: a pilot study. Biol Psychiatry 1997;42:1076-1078
47. Moncrieff J. Lithium revisited: a re-examination of the placebo-controlled trials of lithium prophylaxis in manic-depressive disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1995;167:569-573
48. Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Viguera LC. Forty years of lithium treatment: commentary. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998;55:92-93
49. Thies-Flechtner K. Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Seibert W, et al. Effect of prophylactic treatment on suicide risk in patients with major affective disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry 1996;29:103-107
50. Greil W, Ludwig-Mayerhofer W, Erazo N, et al. Lithium vs. carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders - a randomized study. J Affect Disord 1997;43:151-161
51. Van QS, Mishra PK, Burger RL, et al. Evidence that carbamazepine and antiepilepsirine may produce a component of their anticonvulsant effects by activating serotonergic neurons in genetically epilepsy-prone rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992;261:652-659
52. Biggs CS, Pearce BR, Fowler LJ, et al. Regional effects of sodium valproate on extracellular concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, and their metabolites in the rat brain: an in vivo microdialysis study. J Neurochem 1992;59:1702-1708
53. Verkes RJ, Van der Mast RC, Hengeveld MW, et al. Reduction in suicidal behavior by paroxetine in patients with repeated suicide attempts but not major depression. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155:543-547
54. Meltzer HY, Okayli G. Reduction of suicidality during clozapine treatment of neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenia: impact on risk-benefit assessment. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:183-190
55. Coppen A. Depression as a lethal disease: prevention strategies. J Clin Psychiatry 1994;55(4, suppl):37-45
56. Maj M, Starace F, Nolfe G, et al. Minimum plasma lithium levels required for effective prophylaxis in DSM-III bipolar disorder: a prospective study. Pharmacopsychiatry 1986;19:420-423
57. Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ, Hennen J, et al. Suicide attempts in major affective disorder patients with comorbid substance use disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60(suppl 2):63-69
58. Kessler RC, Olfson M, Berglund PA. Patterns and predictors of treatment contact after first onset of psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 159:62-69