메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 26-33

Can emergency physicians identify a high mortality subgroup of patients with sepsis: Role of procalcitonin

Author keywords

Interleukin 6; Procalcitonin; Prognosis; Sepsis; Tumor necrosis factor

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8; LACTIC ACID; PROCALCITONIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 37849052183     PISSN: 09699546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MEJ.0b013e3280ec539b     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (47)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0037352616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular management of septic shock
    • Dellinger RP. Cardiovascular management of septic shock. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:946-955.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 946-955
    • Dellinger, R.P.1
  • 2
    • 0032433470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time?
    • Friedman G, Silva E, Vincent JL. Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time? Crit Care Med 1998; 26:2078-2086.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 2078-2086
    • Friedman, G.1    Silva, E.2    Vincent, J.L.3
  • 3
    • 0026874127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Members of the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medecine Consensus conference 1992, Definitions of sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992; 20:864-874
    • Members of the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medecine Consensus conference (1992). Definitions of sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992; 20:864-874.
  • 5
    • 0028850810 scopus 로고
    • An overview of mortality risk prediction in sepsis
    • Barriere SL, Lowry SF. An overview of mortality risk prediction in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:376-393.
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 376-393
    • Barriere, S.L.1    Lowry, S.F.2
  • 6
    • 0037351815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) score: A prospectively derived and validated clinical prediction rule
    • Shapiro NI, Wolfe RE, Moore RB, Smith E, Burdick E, Bates DW. Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) score: a prospectively derived and validated clinical prediction rule. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:670-675.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 670-675
    • Shapiro, N.I.1    Wolfe, R.E.2    Moore, R.B.3    Smith, E.4    Burdick, E.5    Bates, D.W.6
  • 7
    • 33744910136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a population-based severity scoring system to individual patients results in frequent misclassification
    • Booth FV, Short M, Shorr AF, Arkins N, Bates B, Qualy RL, Levy H. Application of a population-based severity scoring system to individual patients results in frequent misclassification. Crit Care 2005; 9:R522-R529.
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9
    • Booth, F.V.1    Short, M.2    Shorr, A.F.3    Arkins, N.4    Bates, B.5    Qualy, R.L.6    Levy, H.7
  • 8
    • 84991220880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of six mortality prediction models in patients admitted with severe sepsis and septic shock to the intensive care unit: A prospective cohort study
    • Arabi Y, Al Shirawi N, Memish Z, Venkatesh S, Al-Shimemeri A. Assessment of six mortality prediction models in patients admitted with severe sepsis and septic shock to the intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study. Crit Care 2003; 7:R116-R122.
    • (2003) Crit Care , vol.7
    • Arabi, Y.1    Al Shirawi, N.2    Memish, Z.3    Venkatesh, S.4    Al-Shimemeri, A.5
  • 9
    • 0026738248 scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin concentration in neutropenic patients with suspected Gram-negative sepsis: Correlation with clinical outcome and determination of antiendotoxin care antibodies during therapy with polyclonal immunoglobulin-M-enriched immunoglobulins
    • Behre G, Schedel I, Nentwig B, Wormann B, Essink M, Levy H. Endotoxin concentration in neutropenic patients with suspected Gram-negative sepsis: correlation with clinical outcome and determination of antiendotoxin care antibodies during therapy with polyclonal immunoglobulin-M-enriched immunoglobulins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36:2139-2146.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , pp. 2139-2146
    • Behre, G.1    Schedel, I.2    Nentwig, B.3    Wormann, B.4    Essink, M.5    Levy, H.6
  • 10
    • 0026479984 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a human monoclonal antiendotoxin antibody (HA-1A) in Gram-negative sepsis: Relationship to endotoxin and cytotokine levels
    • Wortel CH, von der Möhlen MAM, van Deventer SJH, Sprung CL, Jastremski M, Lubbers MJ. Effectiveness of a human monoclonal antiendotoxin antibody (HA-1A) in Gram-negative sepsis: relationship to endotoxin and cytotokine levels. J Infect Dis 1992; 166:1367-1374.
    • (1992) J Infect Dis , vol.166 , pp. 1367-1374
    • Wortel, C.H.1    von der Möhlen, M.A.M.2    van Deventer, S.J.H.3    Sprung, C.L.4    Jastremski, M.5    Lubbers, M.J.6
  • 11
    • 0024405418 scopus 로고
    • Plasma tumor necrosis factor and mortality in critically ill septic patients
    • Debets JMH, Kampmeijer R, van der Linden MPMH, et al. Plasma tumor necrosis factor and mortality in critically ill septic patients. Crit Care Med 1989; 17:489-494.
    • (1989) Crit Care Med , vol.17 , pp. 489-494
    • Debets, J.M.H.1    Kampmeijer, R.2    van der Linden, M.P.M.H.3
  • 12
    • 0024451836 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 serum levels during severe sepsis in humans
    • Damas P, Reuter A, Gysen P, Demonty J, Lamy M, Franchimont P. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 serum levels during severe sepsis in humans. Crit Care Med 1989; 17:975-978.
    • (1989) Crit Care Med , vol.17 , pp. 975-978
    • Damas, P.1    Reuter, A.2    Gysen, P.3    Demonty, J.4    Lamy, M.5    Franchimont, P.6
  • 13
    • 0025266645 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic values of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin, interleukin-1, interferon-α, and interferon-γ in the serum of patients with septic shock
    • Callandra T, Baumgartner JD, Grau GE, Wu MM, Lambert PH, Schellekens J, et al. Prognostic values of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin, interleukin-1, interferon-α, and interferon-γ in the serum of patients with septic shock. J Infect Dis 1990; 161:982-987.
    • (1990) J Infect Dis , vol.161 , pp. 982-987
    • Callandra, T.1    Baumgartner, J.D.2    Grau, G.E.3    Wu, M.M.4    Lambert, P.H.5    Schellekens, J.6
  • 14
    • 0033546610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of TNF2, a TNF-α, with septic shock susceptibility and mortality: A multicenter study
    • Mira JP, Cariou A, Grall F, et al. Association of TNF2, a TNF-α, with septic shock susceptibility and mortality: a multicenter study. JAMA 1999; 282:561-568.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 561-568
    • Mira, J.P.1    Cariou, A.2    Grall, F.3
  • 15
    • 0024529891 scopus 로고
    • The complex pattern of cytokines in serum from patients with meningococcal septic shock. Association between interleukin-6, interleukin-1, and fatal outcome
    • Waage A, Brandtzaeg P, Halstensen A, et al. The complex pattern of cytokines in serum from patients with meningococcal septic shock. Association between interleukin-6, interleukin-1, and fatal outcome. J Exp Med 1989; 169:333-338.
    • (1989) J Exp Med , vol.169 , pp. 333-338
    • Waage, A.1    Brandtzaeg, P.2    Halstensen, A.3
  • 16
    • 0024451525 scopus 로고
    • Increased plasma levels of interleukin-6 in sepsis
    • Hack CE, DeGroot ER, Felt-Bersma RJF, et al. Increased plasma levels of interleukin-6 in sepsis. Blood 1989; 74:1704-1710.
    • (1989) Blood , vol.74 , pp. 1704-1710
    • Hack, C.E.1    DeGroot, E.R.2    Felt-Bersma, R.J.F.3
  • 17
    • 0025871289 scopus 로고
    • The Swiss-Dutch J5 Immunoglobulin Study Group. High circulating levels of interleukin-6 in patients with septic shock. Evolution during sepsis, prognostic value, and interplay with other cytokines
    • Calandra T, Gerain J, Heumann D, et al. The Swiss-Dutch J5 Immunoglobulin Study Group. High circulating levels of interleukin-6 in patients with septic shock. Evolution during sepsis, prognostic value, and interplay with other cytokines. Am J Med 1991; 91:23-29.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.91 , pp. 23-29
    • Calandra, T.1    Gerain, J.2    Heumann, D.3
  • 18
    • 0027731546 scopus 로고
    • Plasma cytokine and endotoxin levels correlate with survival in patients with the sepsis syndrome
    • Casey LC, Balk RA, Bone RC. Plasma cytokine and endotoxin levels correlate with survival in patients with the sepsis syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119:771-778.
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med , vol.119 , pp. 771-778
    • Casey, L.C.1    Balk, R.A.2    Bone, R.C.3
  • 19
    • 0030746482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory therapies to treat sepsis and septic shock: A reassessment
    • Zeni F, Freeman B, Natanson C. Anti-inflammatory therapies to treat sepsis and septic shock: a reassessment. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1095-1100.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1095-1100
    • Zeni, F.1    Freeman, B.2    Natanson, C.3
  • 20
    • 0027466275 scopus 로고
    • High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection
    • Assicot M, Gendrel D, Carsin H, Raymond J, Guilbaud J, Bohuon C. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet 1993; 341:515-518.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 515-518
    • Assicot, M.1    Gendrel, D.2    Carsin, H.3    Raymond, J.4    Guilbaud, J.5    Bohuon, C.6
  • 21
    • 0023402915 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of 114 consecutive episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
    • Mylotte JM, Dermott C, Spooner JA. Prospective study of 114 consecutive episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9:891-907.
    • (1987) Rev Infect Dis , vol.9 , pp. 891-907
    • Mylotte, J.M.1    Dermott, C.2    Spooner, J.A.3
  • 22
    • 0024009542 scopus 로고
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors influencing the prognosis in 133 episodes
    • Bisbe J, Gatell JM, Puig J, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: univariate and multivariate analyses of factors influencing the prognosis in 133 episodes. Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10:629-635.
    • (1988) Rev Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 629-635
    • Bisbe, J.1    Gatell, J.M.2    Puig, J.3
  • 23
    • 0024763251 scopus 로고
    • Pseudomonas bacteremia in a community teaching hospital, 1980-84
    • Gallagher PG, Watanakunakorn C. Pseudomonas bacteremia in a community teaching hospital, 1980-84. Rev Infect Dis 1989; 11:846-852.
    • (1989) Rev Infect Dis , vol.11 , pp. 846-852
    • Gallagher, P.G.1    Watanakunakorn, C.2
  • 24
    • 0024387119 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: Outcome correlations in a prospective study of 200 patients
    • Hilf M, Yu VL, Sharp J, et al. Antibiotic therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: outcome correlations in a prospective study of 200 patients. Am J Med 1989; 87:540-546.
    • (1989) Am J Med , vol.87 , pp. 540-546
    • Hilf, M.1    Yu, V.L.2    Sharp, J.3
  • 25
    • 0023797292 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial bacteremia in a large Spanish teaching hospital: Analysis of factors influencing prognosis
    • Gatell JM, Trilla A, Latorre X, et al. Nosocomial bacteremia in a large Spanish teaching hospital: analysis of factors influencing prognosis. Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10:203-210.
    • (1988) Rev Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 203-210
    • Gatell, J.M.1    Trilla, A.2    Latorre, X.3
  • 26
    • 0026454295 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing prognosis in bacteremia due to gram-negative organisms: Evaluation of 448 episodes in a Turkish university hospital
    • Uzun O, Akalin HE, Hayran M, et al. Factors influencing prognosis in bacteremia due to gram-negative organisms: evaluation of 448 episodes in a Turkish university hospital. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15:866-873.
    • (1992) Clin Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 866-873
    • Uzun, O.1    Akalin, H.E.2    Hayran, M.3
  • 27
    • 84942383855 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the severity of illness of ICU patients
    • Lemeshow S, Le Gall JR. Modeling the severity of illness of ICU patients. JAMA 1994; 272:1049-1055.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.272 , pp. 1049-1055
    • Lemeshow, S.1    Le Gall, J.R.2
  • 28
    • 0022256529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II. A severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:818-829.
    • Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II. A severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:818-829.
  • 29
    • 0027132478 scopus 로고
    • A new simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multi center study
    • Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multi center study. JAMA 1993; 270:2957-2962.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2957-2962
    • Le Gall, J.R.1    Lemeshow, S.2    Saulnier, F.3
  • 30
    • 0027422556 scopus 로고
    • Mortality probability models (MPM II) based on an international cohord of intensive care unit patients
    • Lemeshow S, Teres D, Klar J, Avrunin JS, Gehlbach SH, Rapoport J. Mortality probability models (MPM II) based on an international cohord of intensive care unit patients. JAMA 1993; 270:2478-2486.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2478-2486
    • Lemeshow, S.1    Teres, D.2    Klar, J.3    Avrunin, J.S.4    Gehlbach, S.H.5    Rapoport, J.6
  • 31
    • 0036010348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Customized prediction models based on APACH II and SAPS II scores in patients with prolonged length of stay in ICU
    • Suistomaa M, Niskanen M, Kari A, Hynynen M, Takala J. Customized prediction models based on APACH II and SAPS II scores in patients with prolonged length of stay in ICU. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28:479-485.
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 479-485
    • Suistomaa, M.1    Niskanen, M.2    Kari, A.3    Hynynen, M.4    Takala, J.5
  • 32
    • 17444450470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: Comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia
    • De Werra I, Jaccard C, Corradin SB, et al. Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:607-613.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 607-613
    • De Werra, I.1    Jaccard, C.2    Corradin, S.B.3
  • 33
    • 0033969341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro versus anti-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with severe sepsis: A marker for prognosis and future therapeutic options
    • Gogos CA, Drosou E, Bassaris HP, Skoutelis A. Pro versus anti-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with severe sepsis: a marker for prognosis and future therapeutic options. J Inf Dis 2000;181:176- 180.
    • (2000) J Inf Dis , vol.181 , pp. 176-180
    • Gogos, C.A.1    Drosou, E.2    Bassaris, H.P.3    Skoutelis, A.4
  • 34
    • 0036040010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of procalcitonin and interleukin 6 in critically ill patients with suspected sepsis
    • Pettilä V, Hynninen M, Takkunen O, Kuusela P, Valtonen M. Predictive value of procalcitonin and interleukin 6 in critically ill patients with suspected sepsis. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28:1220-1225.
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 1220-1225
    • Pettilä, V.1    Hynninen, M.2    Takkunen, O.3    Kuusela, P.4    Valtonen, M.5
  • 35
    • 0030004690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood lactate levels are better prognostic indicators than TNF and IL-6 levels in patients with septic shock
    • Marecaux G, Pinsky MR, Dupont E, Kahn RJ, Vincent JL. Blood lactate levels are better prognostic indicators than TNF and IL-6 levels in patients with septic shock. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:404-408.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 404-408
    • Marecaux, G.1    Pinsky, M.R.2    Dupont, E.3    Kahn, R.J.4    Vincent, J.L.5
  • 36
    • 0030032080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and arterial lactate level are early indicators of short-term survival in human septic shock
    • Bernardin G, Pradier C, Tiger F, Deloffre P, Mattei M. Blood pressure and arterial lactate level are early indicators of short-term survival in human septic shock. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:17-25.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 17-25
    • Bernardin, G.1    Pradier, C.2    Tiger, F.3    Deloffre, P.4    Mattei, M.5
  • 37
    • 0025735897 scopus 로고
    • Blood lactate levels are superior to oxygen-derived variables in predicting outcome in human septic shock
    • Bakker J, Coffernils M, Leon M, et al. Blood lactate levels are superior to oxygen-derived variables in predicting outcome in human septic shock. Chest 1991; 99:956-962.
    • (1991) Chest , vol.99 , pp. 956-962
    • Bakker, J.1    Coffernils, M.2    Leon, M.3
  • 38
    • 0030024779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock
    • Bakker J, Gris P, Coffernils M, Kahn RJ, Vincent JL. Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock. Am J Surg 1996; 171:221-226.
    • (1996) Am J Surg , vol.171 , pp. 221-226
    • Bakker, J.1    Gris, P.2    Coffernils, M.3    Kahn, R.J.4    Vincent, J.L.5
  • 39
    • 0029883528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin as a marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal infection
    • Gendrel D, Assicot M, Raymond J, et al. Procalcitonin as a marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal infection. J Pediatrics 1996; 128:570-573.
    • (1996) J Pediatrics , vol.128 , pp. 570-573
    • Gendrel, D.1    Assicot, M.2    Raymond, J.3
  • 40
    • 0031957066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of procalcitonin concentration for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill neonates
    • Chiesa C, Panero A, Rossi N, Stegagno M, et al. Reliability of procalcitonin concentration for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill neonates. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:664-672.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.26 , pp. 664-672
    • Chiesa, C.1    Panero, A.2    Rossi, N.3    Stegagno, M.4
  • 41
    • 0030949339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of procalcitonin levels in children with bacterial meningitis
    • Gendrel D, Raymond J, Assicot M, et al. Measurement of procalcitonin levels in children with bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24: 1240-1242.
    • (1997) Clin Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 1240-1242
    • Gendrel, D.1    Raymond, J.2    Assicot, M.3
  • 42
    • 0033015603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High sensitivity and specificity of serum procalcitonin levels in adults with bacterial meningitis
    • Viallon A, Zeni F, Lambert C, Tardy B, et al. High sensitivity and specificity of serum procalcitonin levels in adults with bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28:1313-1316.
    • (1999) Clin Infect Dis , vol.28 , pp. 1313-1316
    • Viallon, A.1    Zeni, F.2    Lambert, C.3    Tardy, B.4
  • 43
    • 1342265610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of procalcitonin-guided treatment on antibiotic use and outcome in lower respiratory tract infections: Cluster-randomised, single-blinded intervention trial
    • Christ-Crain M, Jaccard-Stolz D, Bingisser R, et al. Effect of procalcitonin-guided treatment on antibiotic use and outcome in lower respiratory tract infections: cluster-randomised, single-blinded intervention trial. Lancet 2004; 363:600-607.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 600-607
    • Christ-Crain, M.1    Jaccard-Stolz, D.2    Bingisser, R.3
  • 44
    • 0028954915 scopus 로고
    • Elevated serum procalcitonin levels in patients with melioidosis
    • Smith MD, Suputtamongkol Y, Chaowagul W, et al. Elevated serum procalcitonin levels in patients with melioidosis. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20:641-645.
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.20 , pp. 641-645
    • Smith, M.D.1    Suputtamongkol, Y.2    Chaowagul, W.3
  • 45
    • 0031435062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential role of procalcitonin and interleukin 8 in the prediction of infected necrosis in acute pancreatis
    • Rau B, Steinbach G, Gansauge F, et al. The potential role of procalcitonin and interleukin 8 in the prediction of infected necrosis in acute pancreatis. Gut 1997; 6:832-838.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.6 , pp. 832-838
    • Rau, B.1    Steinbach, G.2    Gansauge, F.3
  • 46
  • 47
    • 2442731882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin as an early marker of bacterial infection in severely neutropenic febrile adults
    • Bernard L, Ferriere F, Canassus P, et al. Procalcitonin as an early marker of bacterial infection in severely neutropenic febrile adults. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27:914-915.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 914-915
    • Bernard, L.1    Ferriere, F.2    Canassus, P.3
  • 48
    • 0033863785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum and ascitic procalcitonin levels in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Diagnostic value and relationship to proinflammatory cytokines
    • Viallon A, Zeni F, Lambert C, et al. Serum and ascitic procalcitonin levels in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: diagnostic value and relationship to proinflammatory cytokines. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:1082-1088.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 1082-1088
    • Viallon, A.1    Zeni, F.2    Lambert, C.3
  • 49
    • 0031589292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin in acute malaria
    • Al Nawas B, Shah PM. Procalcitonin in acute malaria. Eur J Med Res 1997; 2:206-208.
    • (1997) Eur J Med Res , vol.2 , pp. 206-208
    • Al Nawas, B.1    Shah, P.M.2
  • 50
    • 0031897235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein during the early posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • Mimoz O, Benoist JF, Edouard AR, et al. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein during the early posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24:185-188.
    • (1998) Intensive Care Med , vol.24 , pp. 185-188
    • Mimoz, O.1    Benoist, J.F.2    Edouard, A.R.3
  • 51
    • 0031822857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative plasma concentrations of procalcitonin after different types of surgery
    • Meisner M, Tschailkowsky K, Hutzler A, et al. Postoperative plasma concentrations of procalcitonin after different types of surgery. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24:680-684.
    • (1998) Intensive Care Med , vol.24 , pp. 680-684
    • Meisner, M.1    Tschailkowsky, K.2    Hutzler, A.3
  • 52
    • 0031826811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperprocalcitonemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmonary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Hensel M, Volk T, Docke WD, et al. Hyperprocalcitonemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmonary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 1998; 89:93-104.
    • (1998) Anesthesiology , vol.89 , pp. 93-104
    • Hensel, M.1    Volk, T.2    Docke, W.D.3
  • 53
    • 0030812322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of classic heatstroke on serum procalcitonin
    • Nylen ES, Al Arifi A, Becker KL, et al. Effect of classic heatstroke on serum procalcitonin. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1362-1365.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1362-1365
    • Nylen, E.S.1    Al Arifi, A.2    Becker, K.L.3
  • 54
    • 0033932745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum procalcitonin levels in bacterial and abacterial meningitis
    • Schwarz S, Bertram M, Schawb S, et al. Serum procalcitonin levels in bacterial and abacterial meningitis. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:1828-1832.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 1828-1832
    • Schwarz, S.1    Bertram, M.2    Schawb, S.3
  • 55
    • 0035973174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin in pyelonephritis and acute community-acquired pneumonia in adults
    • Martinot M, Hansmann Y, De Martino S, et al. Procalcitonin in pyelonephritis and acute community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Presse Med 2001; 30:1091-1096.
    • (2001) Presse Med , vol.30 , pp. 1091-1096
    • Martinot, M.1    Hansmann, Y.2    De Martino, S.3
  • 57
    • 0034111524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin for early diagnosis and differentiation of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock
    • Brunkhorst FM, Wegscheider KZF, Brunkhorst R. Procalcitonin for early diagnosis and differentiation of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:S148-S152.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26
    • Brunkhorst, F.M.1    Wegscheider, K.Z.F.2    Brunkhorst, R.3
  • 58
    • 0034060554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcitonin precursors are reliable markers of sepsis in a medical intensive care unit
    • Müller B, Becker KL, Schächinger H, et al. Calcitonin precursors are reliable markers of sepsis in a medical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:977-983.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 977-983
    • Müller, B.1    Becker, K.L.2    Schächinger, H.3
  • 59
    • 0034098233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between procalcitonin plasma levels and severity of injury, sepsis, organ failure, and mortality in injured patients
    • Wanner GA, Keel M, Steckholzer U, Beier W, Stocker R, Ertel W. Relationship between procalcitonin plasma levels and severity of injury, sepsis, organ failure, and mortality in injured patients. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:950-957.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 950-957
    • Wanner, G.A.1    Keel, M.2    Steckholzer, U.3    Beier, W.4    Stocker, R.5    Ertel, W.6
  • 60
    • 0035421655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis
    • Harbarth S, Holeckova K, Froidevaux C, et al. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:396-402.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 396-402
    • Harbarth, S.1    Holeckova, K.2    Froidevaux, C.3
  • 61
    • 0036215517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in acute septic shock: Clinical and biological correlates
    • Clayes R, Vinken S, Spapen H, et al. Plasma procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in acute septic shock: clinical and biological correlates. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:757-762.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 757-762
    • Clayes, R.1    Vinken, S.2    Spapen, H.3
  • 63
    • 0034573087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin, cytokines, and procalcitonin in febrile patients admitted to the hospital: Identification of subjects at high risk of mortality
    • Langevelde P, Joop K, Loon J, et al. Endotoxin, cytokines, and procalcitonin in febrile patients admitted to the hospital: identification of subjects at high risk of mortality. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:1143-1148.
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1143-1148
    • Langevelde, P.1    Joop, K.2    Loon, J.3
  • 64
    • 2342502569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial infection in the emergency department: An observational study
    • Yi Ling C, Tseng CP, Tsay PK, Chang SS, Chiu TF, Chen JC. Procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial infection in the emergency department: an observational study. Crit Care 2004; 8:R12-R20.
    • (2004) Crit Care , vol.8
    • Yi Ling, C.1    Tseng, C.P.2    Tsay, P.K.3    Chang, S.S.4    Chiu, T.F.5    Chen, J.C.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.