Prediction of microbial infection and mortality in medical patients with fever: Plasma procalcitonin, neutrophilic elastase-α1-antitrypsin, and lactoferrin compared with clinical variables

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 398-407

  Bossink, Ailko W J ^a   Groeneveld, A B Johan ^a   Thijs, Lambertus G ^a  

^a ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ANTITRYPSIN; ELASTASE; LACTOFERRIN; PROCALCITONIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTICLE; BACTEREMIA; BLOOD LEVEL; BREATHING RATE; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FEVER; HEART RATE; HUMAN; INFECTION; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME;

EID: 0032777247     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/520222     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. 1. Harris RL, Musher DM, Bloom K, et al. Manifestations of sepsis. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:1895-906.
2. 2. McGowan, Rose RC, Jacobs NF, Schaberg DR, Haley RW. Fever in hospitalized patients. With special reference to the medical service. Am J Med 1987;82:580-6.
3. 3. Arbo MJ, Fine MJ, Hanusa BH, Sefeik T, Kapoor WN. Fever of nosocomial origin: etiology, risk factors, and outcomes. Am J Med 1993;95: 505-12.
4. 4. Mellors JW, Horwitz RI, Harvey MR, Horwitz SM. A simple index to identify occult bacterial infection in adults with acute unexplained fever. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:666-71.
5. 5. Bates DW, Cook EF, Goldman L, Lee TH. Predicting bacteremia in hospitalized patients. A prospectively validated model. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:495-500.
6. 6. Leibovici L, Cohen O, Wysenbeek AJ. Occult bacterial infection in adults with unexplained fever. Validation of a diagnostic index. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:1270-2.
7. 7. Leibovici L, Greenshtain S, Cohen O, Wysenbeek AJ. Bacteremia in febrile patients. A clinical model for diagnosis. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151:1801-6.
8. 8. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992;20:864-75.
9. 9. Bone RC. Toward an epidemiology and natural history of SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome). JAMA 1992;268:3452-5.
10. 10. Knaus WA, Sun X, Nystrom PO, Wagner DP. Evaluation of definitions for sepsis. Chest 1992;101:1656-62.
11. 11. Leibovici L, Greenshtain S, Cohen O, Wysenbeek AJ. Toward improved empiric management of moderate to severe urinary tract infections. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:2481-6.
12. 12. Peduzzi P, Shatney C, Sheagren J, Sprung C, Veterans Affairs Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Study Group. Predictors of bacteremia and gram-negative bacteremia in patients with sepsis. Arch Intern Med 1992;152: 529-35.
13. 13. Pittet D, Rangel-Frausto S, Li N, et al. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock: incidence, morbidities, and outcomes in surgical ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21:302-9.
14. 14. Rangel Frausto MS, Pittet D, Costigan M, Hwang T, Davis CS, Wenzel RP. The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study. JAMA 1995;273:117-23.
15. 15. Jones GR, Lowes JA. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome as a predictor of bacteraemia and outcome from sepsis. Q J Med 1996;89: 515-22.
16. 16. Bates DW, Sands K, Miller E, et al. Predicting bacteremia in patients with sepsis syndrome. J Infect Dis 1997;176:1538-51.
17. 17. Weinstein MP, Towns ML, Quartey SM, et al. The clinical significance of positive blood cultures in the 1990s: a prospective comprehensive evaluation of the microbiology, epidemiology, and outcome of bacteremia and fungemia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:584-602.
18. 18. Bossink AWJ, Groeneveld ABJ, Hack CE, Thijs LG. Prediction of mortality in febrile medical patients: how useful are systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis criteria? Chest 1998;114:1533-41.
19. 19. Sands KE, Bates DW, Lanken PN, et al. Epidemiology of sepsis syndrome in 8 academic medical centers. JAMA 1997;278:234-40.
20. 20. Barriere SL, Lowry SF. An overview of mortality risk prediction in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1995;23:376-93.
21. 21. Executive summary of an American College of Chest Physicians, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Workshop. From the bench to the bedside: the future of sepsis research. Chest 1997;111:744-53.
22. 22. Reinhart K, Wiegand-Löhnert C, Grimminger F, et al. The MAK 195F sepsis study group. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of the monuconal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody-fragment, MAK 195F, in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study. Crit Care Med 1996;24: 733-42.
23. 23. Abraham E, Anzueto A, Gutierrez G, et al. Double-blind randomised controlled trial of monoclonal antibody to human tumour necrosis factor in treatment of septic shock. Lancet 1998;351:929-33.
24. 24. Tanaka H, Sugimoto H, Yoshiharu T, Sugimoto T. Role of granulocyte elastase in tissue injury in patients with septic shock complicated by multiple organ failure. Ann Surg 1991;213:81-5.
25. 25. Gardinali M, Padalino P, Vesconi S, et al. Complement activation and polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocyte elastase in sepsis. Arch Surg 1992;127:1219-24.
26. 1-antitrypsin and lactoferrin in sepsis: evidence for neutrophils as mediators in fatal sepsis. J Lab Clin Med 1992;119:159-68.
27. 27. Waydhas C, Nast-Kolb D, Jochum M, et al. Inflammatory mediators, infection, sepsis, and multiple organ failure after severe trauma. Arch Surg 1992;127:460-7.
28. 28. Assicot M, Gendrel D, Carsin H, Raymond J, Guilbaud J, Bohuon C. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet 1993;341:515-8.
29. 29. De Werra I, Jaccard C, Corradin SB, et al. Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med 1997;25:607-13.
30. 30. Eberhard OK, Haubitz M, Brunkhorst FM, Kliem V, Koch KM, Brunkhorst R. Usefulness of procalcitonin for differentiation between activity of systemic autoimmune disease (systemic lupus erythematosus/ systemic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis) and invasive bacterial infection. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:1250-6.
31. 31. Monneret G, Labaune JM, Iaac C, Bienvenu F, Putet G, Bienvenu J. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in neonatal infections. Acta Paediatr 1997;86:209-12.
32. 32. Rau B, Steinbach G, Gansauge F, Mayer JM, Grünert A, Beger HG. The potential role of procalcitonin and interleukin 8 in the prediction of infected necrosis in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1997;41:832-40.
33. 33. Staehler M, Hammer C, Meiser B, Reichart B. Procalcitonin: a new marker for differential diagnosis of acute rejection and bacterial infection in heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 1997;29:584-5.
34. 34. Meisner M, Tschaikowsky K, Hutzler A, Schick C, Schttler J. Postoperative plasma concentrations of procalcitonin after different types of surgery. Intensive Care Med 1998;24:680-4.
35. 35. Mimoz O, Benoist JF, Edouard AR, Assicot M, Bohuon C, Samii K. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein during the early posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24:185-8.
36. 36. Hensel M, Volk T, Döcke WD, et al. Hyperprocalcitonemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmonary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 1998;89:93-104.
37. 37. Whang KT, Steinwald PM, White JC, et al. Serum calcitonin precursors in sepsis and systemic inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83: 3296-301.
38. 38. Dandona P, Nix D, Wilson MF, et al. Procalcitonin increase after endotoxin injection in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol 1994;79:1605-8.
39. 39. Nylen ES, Whang KT, Snider RH, Stienwald PM, White JC, Becker KL. Mortality is increased by procalcitonin and decreased by an antiserum reactive to procalcitonin in experimental sepsis. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:1001-6.
40. 40. Kieft H, Hoepelman AIM, Zhou W, Rozenberg-Ardska M, Struyvenberg A, Verhoef J. The sepsis syndrome in a Dutch University Hospital. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:2241-7.