ISO best practices in reference material certification and use in geoanalysis

Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research

Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 361-378

  Kane, Jean S ^a   Potts, Philip J ^b  

^a The Open University ^*  (United States)

^b OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bias; Certified reference materials; Certified values; Fitness for purpose; IAG protocol; ISO; Uncertainty

Indexed keywords

EID: 37249039933     PISSN: 16394488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00109.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (79)

1. Abbey S. (1983) Paper 83-15: Studies in "standard samples"of silicate rocks and minerals 1969-1982. Geological Survey of Canada (Ottawa), 30 pp.
2. Alexandrov Y.I. (1996) Traceability of measurements in chemistry. The Analyst, 121, 1137-1145.
3. Becker D., Christiansen R., Currie L., Diamondstone B., Eberhardt K., Gills T., Hertz H., Klouda G., Moody J., Parris R., Schaffer R., Steel E., Taylor J., Watters R. and Zeisler R. (1992) Use of NIST standard reference materials for decisions on performance of analytical chemical methods and laboratories. NIST Special Publication 829, U.S. Government Printing Office (Washington, DC), 27 pp.
4. Bloom I. and Leaver M. (2002) Using the correct control limits. Explore, 115, 3-4.
5. Cali J.P. and Reed W.P. (1974) The role of the National Bureau of Standards standard reference materials in accurate trace analysis. In:
6. LaFleur, P.D., (Ed.), NBS Special Publication 422, Proceedings of the 7th Materials Research Symposium, 1. NBS (Gaithersburg, MD), 41.
7. Cali J.P., Mears T.W., Michaelis R.E., Reed W.P., Seward R.W., Stanley C.L. and Yolken H.T. (1975) The role of standard reference materials in measurement systems. U.S. Department of Commerce (Washington, D.C.), 51. pp.
8. Carpenter B.S. (1972) Determination of trace concentration of boron and uranium in glass by nuclear track technique. Analytical Chemistry, 44, 600-602.
9. Church S.E. (1981) Multi-element analysis of fifty-four geochemical reference samples using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Geostandards Newsletter, 5, 133-160.
10. DeBièvre P. (1994) Traceability of amount of substance measurement. In: Gunzler H., (ed.), Akkreditierung und Qualitatssicherung in der Analytischen Chemie. Springer (Heidelberg), 131-156.
11. DeBièvre P., De Laeter J.R., Peiser H.S. and Reed W.P. (1993) Reference materials by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 12, 143-172.
12. DeBièvre P., Kaarls R., Peiser H.S., Rasberry S.D. and Reed W.P. (1996) Measurement principles for traceability in chemical analysis. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 1, 3-13.
13. Ellison S.L.R., Rosslein M. and Williams A. (2000) Eurachem/CITAC Guide: Quantifying uncertainty in analytical measurement (second edition). 126 pp.
14. Epstein M.S. (1991) Independent method concept. Spectrochimica Acta, 46B, 1583-1591.
15. Eurachem (1998) The fitness for purpose of analytical methods: A laboratory guide to method evaluation and related topics. LGC (Teddington, UK), 54 pp.
16. Eurachem (2000) Quantifying uncertainty in analytical measurement (GUM) (2nd edition). British Standards Institute (London), 111 pp.
17. Eurachem (2002) Selection and use of reference materials. Eurachem web version, 10 pp.
18. Fairbairn W.H., Schlecht W.G., Stevens R.E., Dennen W.H., Ahrens L.H. and Chayes F. (1951) A cooperative investigation of precision and accuracy in chemical, spectrochemical and modal analysis of silicate rocks. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 980, 77pp.
19. Fassett J.D. and Paulsen P.J. (1989) Isotope dilution mass spectrometry for accurate elemental analysis. Analytical Chemistry, 61, 643A-649A.
20. Faye G.H. and Steger H.F. (1979) A case study of the ambient oxidation of two zinc-lead (sulphide) reference ores. Talanta, 26, 309-315.
21. Flanagan F.J. (1976) Descriptions and analyses of eight new USGS rock standards. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 840, 192pp.
22. Gills T. (1995) Certificate of analysis: Standard Reference Material 113b. National Institute of Standards and Technology (Gaithersburg, MD), 3pp. (and supporting unpublished SRMP documentation for SRMs 113b and 332).
23. Gladney E.S., Burns C.E. and Roelandts I. (1983) 1982 compilation of elemental concentrations in eleven United States Geological Survey rock standards. Geostandards Newsletter, 7, 3-226.
24. Gladney E.S., O'Malley B.T., Roelandts I. and Gills T.E. (1987) Standard Reference Materials compilation of elemental concentrations for NBS clinical, biological, geological and environmental standard reference materials. NBS Special Publication 111-260, 547pp. (Updated in 1990).
25. Gladney E.S., Jones E.A., Nickell E.J. and Roelandts I. (1990) 1988 compilation of elemental concentration data for USGS BCR-1. Geostandards Newsletter, 14, 209-359.
26. Gladney E.S., Jones E.A., Nickell E.J. and Roelandts I. (1991) 1988 compilation of elemental concentration data for USGS DTS-1, G-1, PCC-1 and W-1. Geostandards Newsletter, 15, 199-396.
27. Govindaraju K. (1980) Report (1980) on three GIT-IWG rock reference samples: Anorthosite from Greenland AN-G; basalte d'Essey-la-Côte, BE-N; granite de Beauvoir, MA-N. Geostandards Newsletter, 4, 49-138.
28. Heumann K.G. (1988) Isotope dilution mass spectrometry. In:
29. Adams F., Gijbels R. and Van Greiken R. (eds), Inorganic mass spectrometry, Wiley (New York), 301-311.
30. Horwitz W. and Albert R. (1995) Precision in analytical measurements: Expected values and consequences in geochemical analyses. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 351, 507-511.
31. Ingamells C.O. and Pitard F.F. (1986) Applied geochemical analysis. Wiley (New York), 84 pp.
32. IAG (2001) Protocol for the operation of GeoPT™ proficiency testing scheme. 12 pp. (see http://geoanalyst.org).
33. Imai N., Sakuramachi H., Terashima S., Itoh S. and Ando A. (1996) 1996 compilation of analytical data on nine GSJ geochemical reference materials, "sedimentary rock series". Geostandards Newsletter, 20, 165-216.
34. ISO Guide 32 (1995) Calibration of chemical analyses and use of reference materials. International Organization for Standardization (Geneva), 31 pp.
35. ISO Guide 33 (2000a) Uses of certified reference materials (2nd edition). International Organization for Standardization (Geneva), 23 pp.
36. ISO Guide 31 (2000b) Reference materials- Contents of certificates and labels (2nd edition). International Organization for Standardization (Geneva), 7 pp.
37. ISO Guide 35 (2006) Certification of reference materials- General and statistical principles (3rd edition). International Organization for Standardization (Geneva), 64 pp.
38. Jackson S.E., Longerich H.P., Dunning G.R. and Fryer B.J. (1992) The application of laser ablation microprobe-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LAM-ICP-MS) to in situ trace element determinations in minerals. Canadian Mineralogist, 30, 1049-1064.
39. Jeffries T.E., Perkins W.T. and Pearce N.J.G. (1995) Measurements of trace elements in basalts and their phenocrysts by laser probe microanalysis inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LPMA-ICP-MS). Chemical Geology, 121, 131-144.
40. Kane J.S. (1985) An inductively coupled plasma spectrometric method for the determination of six indicator elements for mineralization processes in granites. Geostandards Newsletter, 9, 181-190.
41. Kane J.S. (1997a) Analytical bias: The neglected component of measurement uncertainty. The Analyst, 122, 1283-1288.
42. Kane J.S. (1997b) Homogeneity of reference materials. The Analyst, 122, 1289-1292.
43. Kane J.S. (1998a) A history of the development and certification of NIST glass SRMs 610-617. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 22, 7-13.
44. Kane J.S. (1998b) An assessment of the suitability of NIST glass SRM literature data for the derivation of reference values. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 22, 15-31.
45. Kane J.S. (2001) The use of reference materials: A tutorial. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 25, 7-22.
46. Kane J.S. (2002) Fitness-for-purpose of reference material reference values in relation to traceability of measurement, as illustrated by USGS BCR-1, NIST SRM 610 and IAEA NBS28. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 26, 7-29.
47. Kane (2004) Report of the International Association of Geoanalysts on the Certification of Penrhyn Slate, OU-6. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 28, 53-80.
48. Kane (2005) Correction: Report of the International Association of Geoanalysts on the Certification of Penrhyn Slate, OU-6. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 29, 237-240.
49. Kane J.S. and Zhen X. (1993) Implications of sampling statistics in using slurry sample introduction for atomic spectrometric analysis of geological materials. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 451, 95-104.
50. Kane J.S. and Potts P.J. (2002) Traceability in geochemical analysis. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 26, 171-180.
51. Kane J.S., Potts P.J., Wiedenbeck M., Carignan J. and Wilson S.A. (2003) International Association of Geoanalysts' protocol for the certification of geological and environmental reference materials. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 27, 227-244.
52. King B. (1997) Traceability of chemical analysis. The Analyst, 122, 197-204.
53. Mohl C., Grobecker K.H. and Stoeppler M. (1987) Homogeneity studies in reference materials with Zeeman solid sampling GFAAS. Fresenius Zeitschrift für Analytishe Chemie, 328, 413-418.
54. Norman M.D., Pearson N.J., Sharma A. and Griffin W.L. (1996) Quantitative analysis of trace elements in geological materials by laser ablation ICPMS: Instrumental operating conditions and calibration values of NIST glasses. Geostandards Newsletter, 20, 247-261.
55. Papadakis P., Taylor P.D.P. and DeBievre P. (1997) Establishing an SI-traceable copper concentration in the candidate reference material MURST ISS A1 Antarctic sediment using isotope dilution as a primary method of measurement. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 12, 791-796.
56. Paule R.C. and Mandel J. (1982) Consensus values and weighting factors. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 87, 377-385.
57. Pauwels J., Lamberty A. and Schimmel H. (1998) The determination of the uncertainty of reference materials certified by laboratory intercomparison. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 3, 180-184.
58. Pauwels J., van der Veen, A., Lamberty A. and Schimmel H. (2000) Evaluation of uncertainty in reference materials. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 5, 95-99.
59. Pearce N.J.G., Perkins W.T., Westgate J.A., Gorton M.P., Jackson S.E., Neal C.R. and Chenery S.P. (1997) Compilation of new and published data for NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612 glass reference materials. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 21, 115-144.
60. Pearson E.S. and Hartley, H.O. (editors) (1966) The biometrika tables for statisticians (3rd edition). Biometrika, 1.
61. Reed W.P. (1992) Certificate of analysis: Standard Reference Materials 610-611. National Institute of Standards and Technology, (Gaithersburg, MD), 3 pp.
62. Richter W. (1997) Primary methods of measurement in chemical analysis. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 2, 354-359.
63. Rocholl A.B.E., Simon K., Jochum K.P., Bruhn F., Gehann R., Kramar U., Luecke W., Molzahn M., Pernicka E., Seufert M., Spettel B. and Stummeier J. (1997) Chemical characterisation of NIST silicate glass reference material SRM 610 by ICP-MS, TIMS, LIMS, SSMS, INAA, AAS and PIXE. Geostandards Newsletter: The Journal of Geostandards and Geoanalysis, 21, 101-114.
64. Schiller S.B. (1996) Statistical aspects of the certification of chemical batch SRMs. NIST Special Publication 260-125. US Government Printing Office (Washington, DC), 37 pp.
65. Stevens R.E., Niles W.E., Chodos A.A., Filby R.H., Leininger R.K., Ahrens L.H., Fleischer M. and Flanagan F.J. (1960) Second report on a cooperative investigation of the composition of two silicate rocks. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1113, U.S. Government Printing Office (Washington, DC), 126 pp.
66. Sutarno R. and Steger H.F. (1985a) Use of certified reference materials in the verification of analytical data and methods. Talanta, 32, 439-445.
67. Sutarno R. and Steger H.F. (1985b) Validation of accuracy by interlaboratory program. Talanta, 32, 1088-1091.
68. Taylor J.K. (1993) Standard Reference Materials handbook for SRM users. NIST Special Publication 260-100, 102 pp.
69. Thompson M. (1996) Sense and traceability. The Analyst, 21, 285-288.
70. Thompson M. (1997) Comparability and traceability in analytical measurements and reference materials. The Analyst, 122, 1202-1205.
71. Thompson M., Potts P.J., Kane J.S. and Webb P.C. (1996) GeoPT1 International proficiency test for analytical geochemistry laboratories- Report on round 1. Geostandards Newsletter, 20, 295-325.
72. Uriano G.A. and Gravatt C.C. (1977) The role of reference materials and reference methods in chemical analysis. CRC Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 6, 361-411.
73. van der Veen A.M.H. and Pauwels J. (2000) Uncertainty calculations in the certification of reference materials. 1. Principles of analysis of variance. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 5, 464-469.
74. van der Veen A.M.H., Linsinger T., Lamberty A. and Pauwels J. (2001a) Uncertainty calculations in the certification of reference materials. 3. Stability study. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 6, 257-263.
75. van der Veen A.M.H., Linsinger T. and Pauwels J. (2001b) Uncertainty calculations in the certification of reference materials. 2. Homogeneity study. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 6, 26-30.
76. VIM (1995) Vocabulary of metrology. Part 1. Basic and general terms (international). International Organisation for Standardization (Geneva), published by the British Standards Institution (London) as PD 6461: Part 1, 59 pp.
77. Wandless G.A. Instrumental neutron activation analysis of Devonian Ohio Shale SDO-1. In: Kane, J.S., (ed.), U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2046, U.S. Government Printing Office (Washington, DC), D1-D5.
78. Williams A. (1995) Quantifying uncertainty in analytical measurement. Eurachem, 87 pp.
79. Youdon W.J. (1960) The sample, the procedure, and the laboratory. Analytical Chemistry, 32, 23A-37A.