Indirect reciprocity in asymmetric interactions: When apparent altruism facilitates profitable exploitation

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 274, Issue 1629, 2007, Pages 3175-3181

  Johnstone, Rufus A ^a   Bshary, Redouan ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEUCHÂTEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Altruism; Asymmetric game; Image scoring; Indirect reciprocity; Social prestige; Tactical deception

Indexed keywords

ALTRUISM; MUTUALISM; RECIPROCITY;

ALTRUISM; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; COST; EVOLUTION; FISH; GAME; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUNISHMENT; RECIPIENT; REWARD; TIME;

LABROIDES DIMIDIATUS;

EID: 36849080962     PISSN: 09628452     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2007.1322     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Alexander, R. D. 1987 The biology of moral systems. New York, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.
2. Bshary, R. 2001 The cleaner fish market. In Economics in nature (eds R. Noë, J. A. R. A. M. van Hooff & P. Hammerstein), pp. 146-172. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3. Bshary, R. 2002 Biting cleaner fish use altruism to deceive image scoring clients. Proc. R. Soc. B 269, 2087-2093. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2002. 2084)
4. Bshary, R. & Bronstein, J. L. 2004 Game structures in mutualisms: what can the evidence tell us about the kind of models we need? Adv. Stud. Behav. 34, 59-101.
5. Bshary, R. & D'Souza, A. 2004 Cooperation in communication networks: indirect reciprocity in interactions between cleaner fish and client reef fish. In Communication networks (ed. P. McGregor), pp. 521-539. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
6. Bshary, R. & Grutter, A. S. 2002 Asymmetric cheating opportunities and partner control in a cleaner fish mutualism. Anim. Behav. 63, 547-555. (doi:10.1006/ anbe.2001.1937)
7. Bshary, R. & Grutter, A. S. 2006 Image scoring and cooperation in a cleaning mutualism. Nature 441, 975-978. (doi:10.1038/nature04755)
8. Bshary, R., Wickler, W. & Fricke, H. 2002 Fish cognition: a primate's eye view. Anim. Cogn. 5, 1-13.
9. Byrne, R. W. & Whiten, A. 1988 Machiavellian intelligence. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
10. Côté, I. M. 2000 Evolution and ecology of cleaning symbioses in the sea. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 38, 311-355.
11. Foster, K. R. & Kokko, H. 2006 Cheating can stabilize cooperation in mutualisms. Proc. R. Soc. B 273, 2233-2239. (doi:10.1098/rspb. 2006.3571)
12. Godfray, H. C. J. 1991 Signalling of need between parents and offspring. Nature 352, 328-330. (doi:10.1038/ 352328a0)
13. Grutter, A. S. 1995 Relationship between cleaning rates and ectoparasite loads in coral reef fishes. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 118, 51-58. (doi:10.3354/meps118051)
14. Grutter, A. S. & Bshary, R. 2003 Cleaner wrasse prefer client mucus: support for partner control mechanisms in cleaning interactions. Proc. R. Soc. B 270, S242-S244. (doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0077)
15. Hauser, M. D. 1997 Minding the behaviour of deception. In Machiavellian intelligence II (eds A. Whiten & D. W. Byrne), pp. 112-143. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
16. Heyes, C. M. 1998 Theory of mind in non human primates. Behav. Brain Sci. 21, 101-148. (doi:10.1017/S0140525X 98000703)
17. Johnstone, R. A. & Bshary, R. 2002 From parasitism to mutualism: partner control in asymmetric interactions. Ecol. Lett. 5, 634-639. (doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2002. 00358.x)
18. Leimar, O. 1997 Reciprocity and communication of partner quality. Proc. R. Soc. B 264, 1209-1215. (doi:10.1098/ rspb.1997.0167)
19. Leimar, O. & Hammerstein, P. 2001 Evolution of cooperation through indirect reciprocity. Proc. R. Soc. B 268, 745-753. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1573)
20. Lotem, A., Fishman, M. A. & Stone, L. 1999 Evolution of cooperation between individuals. Nature 400, 226-227. (doi:10.1038/22247)
21. Lotem, A., Fishman, M. A. & Stone, L. 2003 From reciprocity to unconditional altruism through signaling benefit. Proc. R. Soc. B 270, 199-205. (doi:10.1098/rspb. 2002.2225)
22. Maynard Smith, J. 1991 Honest signaling: the Philip Sidney game. Anim. Behav. 42, 1034-1035. (doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80161-7)
23. McGregor, P. K. 1993 Signaling in territorial systems: a context for individual identification, ranging and eavesdropping. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 340, 237-244. (doi:10. 1098/rstb.1993.0063)
24. McGregor, P. K. (ed.) 2005 Animal communication networks. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
25. McNamara, J. M., Barta, Z. & Houston, A. I. 2004 Variation in behaviour promotes cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Nature 428, 745-748. (doi:10.1038/ nature02432)
26. Nowak, M. A. & Sigmund, K. 1997 Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations. Nature 355, 250-252. (doi:10.1038/ 355250a0)
27. Nowak, M. A. & Sigmund, K. 1998a Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring. Nature 393, 573-577. (doi:10.1038/31225)
28. Nowak, M. A. & Sigmund, K. 1998b The dynamics of indirect reciprocity. J. Theor. Biol. 94, 561-574. (doi:10. 1006/jtbi.1998.0775)
29. Roberts, G. 1998 Competitive altruism: from reciprocity to the handicap principle. Proc. R. Soc. B 265, 427-431. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1998. 0312)
30. Semmann, D., Krambeck, H. J. & Milinski, M. 2004 Strategic investment in reputation. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 56, 248-252. (doi:10.1007/s00265-004-0782-9)
31. Semmann, D., Krambeck, H. J. & Milinski, M. 2005 Reputation is valuable within and outside one's own social group. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 57, 611-616. (doi:10.1007/ s00265-004-0885-3)
32. Sherratt, T. N. & Roberts, G. 2001 The role of phenotypic defectors in stabilizing reciprocal altruism. Behav. Ecol. 12, 313-317. (doi:10.1093/beheco/12.3.313)
33. Strum, S. C., Forster, D. & Hutchins, E. 1997 Why Machiavellian intelligence may not be Machiavellian. In Machiavellian intelligence II (eds A. Whiten & D. W. Byrne), pp. 50-85. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
34. Wedekind, C. & Milinski, M. 2000 Cooperation through image scoring in humans. Science 288, 850-852. (doi:10. 1126/science.288.5467.850)
35. Whiten, A. & Byrne, R. W. (eds) 1997 Machiavellian intelligence II. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
36. Zahavi, A. 1975 Mate selection - a selection for a handicap. J. Theor. Biol. 53, 205-214. (doi:10.1016/0022-5193(75) 90111-3)
37. Zahavi, A. 1995 Altruism as a handicap: the limitations of kin selection and reciprocity. J. Avian Biol. 26, 1-3. (doi:10. 2307/3677205)