The school entry gap: Socioeconomic, family, and health factors associated with children's school readiness to learn

Early Education and Development

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 375-403

  Janus, Magdalena ^a   Duku, Eric ^a  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 36749057998     PISSN: 10409289     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10409280701610796a     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Aber, J. L. (1994). Poverty, violence, and child development: Untangling family and community level effects. In C. A. Nelson (Ed.), Threats to optimal development: Integrating biological, psychological and social risk factors (pp. 229-272). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
2. Achenbach, T. M., Howell, C. T., Quay, H. C., & Conners, C. K. (1991). National survey of competencies and problems among 4- to 16- year olds: Parents' reports for normative and clinical samples. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 56, 1-131.
3. Alexander, K. L., & Entwisle, D. R. (1988). Achievement in the first 2 years of school: Patterns and processes. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 53, 1-157.
4. Barlow, H. J., & Ellard, D. R. (2006). The psychosocial well-being of children with chronic disease, their parents and siblings: An overview of the research evidence base. Child: Care, Health and Development, 32, 19-31.
5. Barnard, W, M. (2004). Parent involvement in elementary school and educational attainment. Children and Youth Services Review, 26, 39-62.
6. Barry, T. D., Dunlap, S. T., Cotten, S. J., Lochman, J. E., & Wells, K. C. (2005). The influence of maternal stress and distress on disruptive behavior problems in boys. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44, 265-273.
7. Bedard, K., & Dhuey, E. (2006). The persistence of early childhood maturity: International evidence of long-run age effects. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121, 1437-1472.
8. Bornstein, M., Hahn, C., & Haynes, O. (2004). Specific and general language performance across early childhood: Stability and gender considerations. First Language, 24, 267-304.
9. Bradley, R. H., Corwyn, R., McAdoo, H. P., & Coll, C. G. (2001 ). The home environments of children in the United States. Part I: Variations by age, ethnicity, and poverty status. Child Development, 72,1844-1867.
10. Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2002). Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Reviews in Psychology, 53, 371-399.
11. Brooks-Gunn, J., & Duncan, G. J, (1997). The effects of poverty on children and youth. Future of Children, 7, 55-71.
12. Byrd, R. S., Weitzman, M., & Auinger, P. (1997). Increased behavior problems associated with delayed school entry and delayed school progress. Pediatrics, 100, 654-661.
13. Campbell, S. B., Brownell, C. A., Hungerford, A., Spieker, S. J., Mohan, R., & Blessing, J, S. (2004). The course of maternal depressive symptoms and maternal sensitivity as predictors of attachment security at 36 months. Development and Psychopathology, 16, 231-252.
14. Carlson, M. J., & Corcoran, M. E. (2001 ). Family structure and children's behavioral and cognitive outcomes. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 779-792.
15. Case, A., Lubotsky, D., & Paxson, C. (2002). Economic status and health in childhood: The origins of the gradient. American Educational Research Journal, 92, 1308-1334.
16. Chaplin, T. M., Cole, P. M., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (2005). Parental socialization of emotion expression: Gender differences and relations to child adjustment. Emotion, 5, 80-88.
17. Clearfield, M., & Nelson, A. (2006). Sex differences in mothers' speech and play behavior with 6-, 9-and 14-month-old infants. Sex Roles, 54, 127-137.
18. Cowan, P. A., Cowan, C. P., Schulz, M., & Heming, G. (1994). Prebirth to preschool factors in children's adaptation to kindergarten. In R. D, Parke & S. G. Kellam (Eds.), Exploring family relationships with other social contexts (pp. 75-114). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
19. Currie, J. (2005). Health disparities and gaps in school readiness. Future of Children, 15, 117-138.
20. Dearing, E., Kreider, H., Simpkins, S., & Weiss, H. B. (2006), Family involvement in school and low-income children's literacy: Longitudinal associations between and within families. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 653-664.
21. Doherty, G. (1997). Zero to six: The basis for school readiness (Rep. No. R-97-8E). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Human Resources Development Canada.
22. Duncan, G. J., & Magnuson, K. A. (2005). Can family socioeconomic resources account for racial and ethnic test score gaps? Future of Children, 15, 35-53.
23. Entwisle, D. R., & Alexander, K. L. (1999). Early schooling and social stratification. In R. C. Pianta & M. J. Cox (Eds.), The transition to kindergarten (pp. 13-39). Baltimore: Brookes.
24. Evans, M. A., Shaw, D., & Bell, M. (2000). Home literacy activities and their influence on early literacy skills. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54, 65-75.
25. Fryer, R. G., & Levitt, S. D. (2005). The black-white test score gap through third grade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
26. Guhn, M., & Forer, B. (2006, April). Translating school readiness assessment into community actions and policy planning: The Early Development Instrument Project. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA.
27. Gurian, M., & Stevens, K. (2004). Closing achievement gaps: With boys and girls in mind. Educational Leadership, 62, 21-26.
28. Hammerberg, A., & Hagekull, B. (2006). Changes in externalizing and internalizing behaviour over a school year: Differences between 6-year-old boys and girls. Infant and Child Development, 15, 123-137.
29. Henriksson, K. M., & McNeil, T. F. (2004). Health and development in the first 4 years of life in offspring of women with schizophrenia and affective psychoses: Well-Baby Clinic information. Schizophrenia Research, 70, 39-48.
30. Hoover-Dempsey, K. V., & Sandler, H. M. (1997). Why do parents become involved in their children's education? Review of Educational Research, 67, 3-42.
31. Horseman, J., Furlong, W., Feeny, D., & Torrance, G. (2003). The Health Utilities Index (HUI): Concepts, measurement properties, and applications. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1. Retrieved April 30, 2007, from http://www.hqlo.com/content/pdf/1477-7525-1-54.pdf
32. Hox, J. (2002). Multilevel analysis techniques and applications. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
33. Huttenlocher, J., Haight, W., Byrk, A., Seltzer, M., & Lyons, T. (1991). Early vocabulary growth: Relation to language input and gender. Developmental Psychology, 27, 236-248.
34. Janus, M., Brinkman, S., Duku, E., Hertzman, C., Santos, R., Sayers, M., et al. (2007). The Early Development Instrument: A population-based measure for communities. A handbook on development, properties, and use. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: Offord Centre for Child Studies.
35. Janus, M., Cameron, R., Lefort, J., & Kopechanski, L. (in press). Starting kindergarten: What do we know about issues affecting the transition to school for children with special needs? Canadian Journal of Education.
36. Janus, M., & Offord, D. (2007). Development and psychometric properties of the Early Development Instrument (EDI): A measure of children's school readiness. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 39, 1-22.
37. Jencks, C., & Phillips, M. (1998). The black-white test score gap. Washington, DC: Brookings Institutions Press.
38. Johnson, D. L., Swank, P. R., Baldwin, C. D., & McCormick, D. (1999). Adult smoking in the home environment and children's IQ. Psychological Reports, 84, 149-154.
39. Kagan, S. L. (1992). Readiness past, present, and future: Shaping the agenda. Young Children, 48, 48-53.
40. Kerr, D. (2004). Family transformations and the well-being of children: Recent evidence from Canadian longitudinal data. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 35, 73-87.
41. Kershaw, P., Irwin, L., Trafford, K., & Hertzman, C. (2005). The British Columbia atlas of child development ( 1 st ed.). Victoria, British Columbia, Canada: Human Early Learning Partnership and Western Geographical Press.
42. Kim, J., & Suen, H. K. (2003). Predicting children's academic achievement from early assessment scores: A validity generalization study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 18, 547-566.
43. Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Rutter, M., Tomas, M. P., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006). The caregiving environments provided to children by depressed mothers with or without an antisocial history. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 1009-1018.
44. Kurstjens, S., & Dieter, W. (2001). Effects of maternal depression on cognitive development of children over the first 7 years of life. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 42, 623-636.
45. LaParo, K. M., & Pianta, R. C. (2000). Predicting children's competence in the early school years: A meta-analytic review. Review of Educational Research, 70, 443-484.
46. Lee, V. E., & Burkam, D. T. (2002). Inequality at the starting gate: Social background differences in achievement as children begin school. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute.
47. Lieberman, D. Z. (2000). Children of alcoholics: An update. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 12, 336-340.
48. Love, J. M., Aber, J, L., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (1994). Strategies for assessing community progress toward achieving the First National Educational Goal. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.
49. Martinez, C. R., & Forgatch, M. S. (2002). Adjusting to change: Linking family structure transitions with parenting and boys' adjustment. Journal of Family Psychology, 16, 107-117.
50. McMunn, A. M., Nazroo, J. Y., Marmot, M. G., Boreham, R., & Goodman, R. (2001). Children's emotional and behavioural well-being and the family environment: Findings from the Health Survey for England. Social Science & Medicine, 53, 423-440.
51. McWayne, C. M., Hampton, V., Fantuzzo, J., Cohen, H. L., & Sekino, Y. E. (2004). A multivariate examination of parent involvement and the social and academic competencies of urban kindergarten children. Psychology in the Schools, 41, 363-377.
52. Meisels, S. J. (1992). Doing harm by doing good: Iatrogenic effects of early childhood enrollment and promotion policies. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 7, 155-174.
53. Meisels, S. J. (1999). Assessing readiness. In R. C. Pianta & M. J. Cox (Eds.), The transition to kindergarten (pp. 39-66). Baltimore: Brookes.
54. Miller, J., & David, D. (1997). Poverty history, marital history, and quality of children's home environments. Journal of Marriage & Family, 59, 996-1007.
55. Napiorkowski, B., Lester, B. M., Freier, C., Brunner, S., Dietz, L., Nadra, A., étal. (1996). Effects of in utero substance exposure on infant neurobehavior. Pediatrics, 98, 71-75.
56. Naude, H., & Pretorius, E. (2003). Investigating the effects of asthma medication on the cognitive and psychosocial functioning of primary school children with asthma, Early Child Development and Care, 173, 699-709.
57. NICHD Early Child Care Research Network. (2005). A day in third grade: A large-scale study of classroom quality and teacher and student behavior. Elementary School Journal, 105, 305-323.
58. Offord, D. R., Kraemer, H. C., Kazdin, A. E., Jensen, P. S., Harrington, R., & Gardner, J. S. (1999). Lowering the burden of suffering: Monitoring the benefits of clinical, targeted, and universal approaches. In D. Keating & C. Hertzman (Eds.), Developmental health and the wealth of nations (pp. 293-310). New York: Guilford Press.
59. Offord, D. R., & Lipman, E. L. (1996). Emotional and behavioural problems. In Growing up in Canada: National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (pp. 119-126). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Human Resources Development Canada.
60. Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (1997). Supportive parenting, ecological context, and children's adjustment: A seven-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 68, 908-923.
61. Pianta, R. C., & Ball, R. M. (1993). Maternal social support as a predictor of adjustment in kindergarten. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 14, 107-128.
62. Raikes, H., Pan, B. A., Luze, G., Tamis-LeMonda, S. T., Brooks-Gunn, J., Constantine, J., et al. (2006). Mother-child book reading in low-income families: Correlates and outcomes during the first three years of life. Child Development, 77, 803-1128.
63. Richter, L., & Richter, D. M. (2001), Exposure to parental tobacco and alcohol use: Effects on children's health and development. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71, 182-203.
64. Rouse, C., Brooks-Gunn, J., & McLanahan, S. (2005). Introducing the issue. Future of Children, 15, 5-14.
65. Shonkoff, J. P., & Phillips, D. A. (2000). From neurons to neighborhoods. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
66. Sénéchal, M., LeFevre, J., Hudson, E., & Lawson, P. (1996). Knowledge of storybooks as a predictor of young children's vocabulary. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 520-536.
67. Sénéchal, M., & Lefevre, J. A. (2002). Parental involvement in the development of children's reading skill: A 5-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 73, 455-460.
68. Shaw, D. S., Emery, R. E., & Tuer, M. D. (1993). Parental functioning and children's adjustment in families of divorce: A prospective study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 119-134.
69. Spence, C. M. (2005). Creating a literacy environment for boys: Ideas for teachers, administrators, and parents. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Thomson Nelson.
70. SPSS. (2004). SPSS for Windows version 13.0.1. Chicago: Author.
71. Statistics Canada. (1995). National Longitudinal Survey of Children: Overview of survey instruments for 1994-95 data collection cycle 1 (Rep. No. 95-02). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Statistics Canada and Human Resources Development Canada.
72. Statistics Canada. (1999). National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth: Overview of survey instruments for 1998-99 data collection cycle 3 (Rep. No. 89F0078XPE No. 3). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Statistics Canada and Human Resources Development Canada.
73. Stipek, D. J., & Byler, P. (2001). Academic achievement and social behaviours associated with age of entry into kindergarten. Applied Developmental Psychology, 22, 175-189.
74. Wakschlag, L. S., Leventhal, B. L., Pine, D. S., Pickett, K. E., & Carter, A. S. (2006). Elucidating early mechanisms of developmental psychopathology: The case of prenatal smoking and disruptive behavior. Child Development, 77, 803-1128.
75. Weitzman, M., Gortmaker, S., & Sobol, A. (1992). Maternal smoking and behavior problems of children. Pediatrics, 90, 324-349.
76. West, J., Denton, K., & Reaney, L. M. (2000). The kindergarten year: Findings from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten class of 1998-99 (Rep. No. NCES 2001023). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
77. Zill, N., & West, J. (2001). Findings from the Condition of Education 2000: Entering kindergarten (Rep. No. NCES 2001035). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.