Rice allelopathy and the possibility for weed management

Annals of Applied Biology

Volumn 151, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 325-339

  Khanh, T D ^a   Xuan, T D ^b   Chung, I M ^a  

^a Konkuk University   (South Korea)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS   (Japan)

Author keywords

Allelochemicals; Allelopathy; Gene; Herbicides; Inhibition; Rice; Weeds

Indexed keywords

ALLELOCHEMICAL; ALLELOPATHY; CULTIVAR; INHIBITION; RICE; TOXIN; WEED CONTROL;

JAPONICA;

EID: 36549030431     PISSN: 00034746     EISSN: 17447348     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00183.x     Document Type: Review

References (124)

1. Ahn J.K., Chung I.M 2000) Allelopathic potential of rice hulls on germination and seedling growth of barnyardgrass. Agronomy Journal, 92, 1162 1167.
2. An M., Pratley J.E., Haig T., Jellett P 1997) Genotypic variation of plant species to the allelopathic effect of vulpia residues. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 37, 647 660.
3. Bais H.P., Walker T.S., Stermitz F.R., Hufbauer R.A., Vivanco J.M 2002) Enantiomeric-dependent phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of (+/-)-catechin. A rhizosecreted racemic mixture from spotted knapweed. Plant Physiology, 128, 1173 1179.
4. Bais H.P., Vepachedu R., Gilroy S., Callaway R.M., Vivanco J.M 2003a) Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion: from molecules and genes to species interactions. Science, 301, 1377 1380.
5. Bais H.P., Walker T.S., Kennan A.J., Stermitz F.R., Vivanco J.M 2003b) Structure-dependent phytotoxicity of catechins and other flavonoids: flavonoid conversions by cell-free protein extracts of Centaurea maculosa (spotted knapweed) roots. Journal of Agricultural and Food Science, 51, 897 901.
6. Bouillant M.I., Jacoud C., Zanella I., Favre-Bonvin J., Bally R 1994) Identification of 5-(12-heptadecenyl)-resorcinol in rice root exudates. Phytochemistry, 35, 769 771.
7. Cartwright D.W., Langcake P., Pryce R.J., Leworthy D.P., Ride J.P 1981) Isolation and characterization of two phytoalexins from rice as momilactones A and B. Phytochemistry, 20, 535 537.
8. Cheng H.H 1995) Characterization of the mechanisms of allelopathy: modeling and experimental approaches. In Allelopathy: Organisms, Processes, and Applications, pp. 132 141. Eds Inderjit, K.M.M. Dakshini and F.A. Einhellig. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society.
9. Chou C.H 1980) Allelopathic researches in subtropical vegetation in Taiwan. Comparative Physiology and Ecology, 5, 222 234.
10. Chou C.H 1995) Allelopathy and sustainable agriculture. In Allelopathy: Organisms, Processes and Application, pp. 211 223. Eds Inderjit, K.M.M. Dakshini, F.A. Einhellig. ASC Symposium Series No. 582. Washington, DC : American Chemistry Society.
11. Chou C.H., Chiou S.J 1979) Autointoxication mechanism of Oryza sativa II. Effect of culture treatments on the chemical nature of paddy soil and on soil productivity. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 5, 839 859.
12. Chou C.H., Lin H.J 1976) Autointoxication mechanism of Oryza sativa L.: I. Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2, 353 367.
13. Chou C.H., Muller C.H 1972) Allelopathic mechanisms of Arctostaphylos glandulosa var. zacaensis. American Midland Naturalist, 88, 324 347.
14. Chou C.H., Waller G.R Eds 1989) Phytochemical Ecology, Allelochemicals Mycotoxins and Insect Pheromones and Allomones. Academia Sinica Monograph Series No. 9. Taipei, Taiwan : Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica.
15. Chou C.H., Liu H.J., Kao C.I 1977) Phytotoxins produced during decomposition of rice stubble in paddy soil and their effect on leachable nitrogen. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 18, 45 60.
16. Chou C.H., Chang F.J., Oka H.S 1991) Allelopathic potential of wild rice, Oryza perennis. Taiwania, 36, 201 210.
17. Chung I.M., Ahn J.K., Kim J.T., Kim C.S 2000) Assessment of allelopathy potentiality and identification of allelopathic compounds on Korean local rice varieties. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 45, 44 49.
18. Chung I.M., Ahn J.K., Yun S.J 2001a) Assessment of allelopathic compounds from rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw and their biological activity. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 81, 815 819.
19. Chung I.M., Ahn J.K., Yun S.J 2001b) Assessment of allelopathic potential of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) on rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Crop Protection, 20, 921 928.
20. Chung I.M., Kim K.H., Ahn J.K., Lee S.B., Kim S.H., Hahn S.J 2003) Comparison of allelopathic potential of rice leaves, straw and hull extracts on barnyardgrass. Agronomy Journal, 95, 1063 1070.
21. Chung I.M., Ali M., Ahmad A 2005a) Dicyclohexanyl orizane constituent from the hulls of Oryza sativa and its inhibitory activity. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 17, 2616 2620.
22. Chung I.M., Ali M., Hahn S.J., Siddiqui N.A., Lim Y., Ahmad A 2005b) Chemical constituents from the hulls of Oryza sativa with cytotoxic activity. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 41, 182 189.
23. Chung I.M., Hahn S.J., Ahmad A 2005c) Confirmation of potential herbicidal agents in hulls of rice, Oryza sativa. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31, 1339 1352.
24. Chung I.M., Ali M., Ahmad A., Lim J.D., Yu C.Y., Kim J.S 2006a) Chemical constituents of rice (Oryza sativa) hulls and their herbicidal activity against duckweed (Lemna paucicostata Hegelm 381). Phytochemical Analysis, 17, 36 45.
25. Chung I.M., Ali M., Khanh T.D., Choung M.G., Park H.J., Ahmad A 2006b) New stigmastane steroids constituents from rice hulls of Oryza sativa and inhibitory activity on radish seed. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 27, 93 98.
26. Courtois B., Olofsdotter M 1998) Incorporating the allelopathy trait in upland rice breeding program. In Proceedings of Workshop on Allelopathy in Rice, 25-27 November 1996, Makati City, pp. 57 67. Ed M. Olofsdotter. Manila, The Philippines : International Rice Research Institute.
27. Dilday R.H., Nastasi P., Smith R.J 1989) Allelopathy observation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) to ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa). Proceedings in 1989 in Arkansas Academy of Science, 43, 11 21.
28. Dilday R.H., Nastasi P., Lin J., Smith R.J 1991) Allelopathic activity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) against ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa (Sw)). In Proceedings of Sustainable Agriculture for the Great Plains, 19-20 January 1989, Beltsville, MD, pp. 193 201. Eds J.D. Hanson, M.J. Shaffer, D.A. Bell, C.V. Code. Springfield, MD : USDA, ARS.
29. Dilday R.H., Frans R.E., Semidey N., Smith R.J., Oliver L.R 1992) Weed control with crop allelopathy. Arkansas Farm Research, 41, 14 15.
30. Dilday R.H., Lin E., Yan W.G 1994) Identification of allelopathy in the USDA-ARS germplasm collection. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 34, 907 910.
31. Dilday R.H., Yan W.G., Moldenhauer A.K., Gravois K.A 1998) Allelopathic activity in rice for controlling major aquatic weeds. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Allelopathy in Rice, 25-27 November 1996, Makati City, pp. 7 26. Ed M. Olofsdotter. Manila, The Philippines : International Rice Research Institute.
32. Dilday R.H., Mattice J.D., Moldenhauer K.A 2000) An overview of rice allelopathy in the USA. In Proceedings of International Workshop in Rice Allelopathy, 17-19 August 2000, Kyungpook National University, pp. 15 26. Taegu, Korea : Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University.
33. Dilday R.H., Mattice J.D., Moldenhauer K.A., Yan A.W 2001) Allelopathic potential of rice germplasm against ducksalad, redstem and barnyardgrass. Journal of Crop Production, 4, 287 301.
34. Einhellig F.A 1995) Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy. In Allelopathy: Organisms, Processes, and Applications, pp. 96 116. Eds Inderjit, K.M.M. Dakshini and F.A. Einhellig. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society.
35. Fay P.K., Duke W.B 1977) An assessment of allelopathic potential in Avena germplasm. Weed Science, 25, 224 228.
36. Feng M.C., Lim L.W., Lee P.M 1996) Chemical and laboratory allelochemicals studies on Asystasia. In Proceedings of First World Congress on Allelopathy: A Science for the Future, 16-20 September 1996, pp. 180. Eds A. Torres, R.M. Olivia, D. Castellano and P. Cross. Cadiz, Spain : University of Cadiz.
37. Fujii Y 1992) The allelopathic effect of some rice varieties. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biological Control Integrated Management of Paddy and Aquatic Weeds in Asia, 23 October 1992, pp. 1 6. Tsukuba, Japan : National Agricultural Research Center.
38. Fujii Y 2001) Screening and future exploitation of allelopathic plants as alternative herbicides with special reference to hairy vetch. Journal of Crop Production, 4, 257 275.
39. Fujii Y., Shibuya T 1992) Establishment of a new bioassay specific to allelopathy. Survey of allelopathic plant by the Plant Box Method. Weed Research (Japan), 36 (Suppl 152 153.
40. Garrity D.P., Movillon M., Moody K 1992) Differential weed suppression ability in upland rice cultivars. Agronomy Journal, 84, 586 591.
41. 2 population. Genetics, 148, 479 494.
42. Hassan S.M., Aidy I.R., Bastawisi A.O., Draz A.E 1998) Weed management in rice using allelopathic varieties in Egypt. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Allelopathy in Rice, 25-27 November 1996, Makati City, pp. 27 37. Ed M. Olofsdotter. Manila, The Philippines : International Rice Research Institute.
43. Hong N.H., Xuan T.D., Tsuzuki E., Khanh T.D 2004) Paddy weed control by higher plants from Southeast Asia. Crop Protection, 23, 255 261.
44. Inderjit (2006) Experimental complexities in evaluating the allelopathic activities in laboratory bioassays: a case study. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 256 262.
45. Inderjit, Nilsen E.T 2003) Bioassays and field studies for allelopathy in terrestrial plants: progress and problems. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22, 221 238.
46. Inderjit, Weston L.A 2000) Are laboratory bioassay for allelopathy suitable for prediction of field responses? Journal of Chemical Ecology, 26, 2111 2118.
47. Inderjit, Rawat D., Foy C.L 2004). Multifaceted approach to determine rice straw phytotoxicity. Canadian Journal of Botany, 82, 168 176.
48. Jensen L.B., Courtois B., Shen L., Li Z., Olofsdotter M., Mauleon R.P 2001) Locating genes controlling allelopathic effects against barnyardgrass in upland rice. Agronomy Journal, 93, 16 21.
49. Jung W.S., Kim K.H., Ahn J.K., Hahn S.J., Chung I.M 2004) Allelopathic potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.) residues against Echinochloa crus-galli. Crop Protection, 23, 211 218.
50. Kato H., Kodama O., Akatsuka T 1993) Oryzalexin E, a diterpene phytoalexin from UV-irradiated rice leaves. Phytochemistry, 33, 79 81.
51. Kato T., Kabuto C., Sasaki N., Tsunagawa M., Aizawa H., Fujita K., Kato Y., Kitahara Y 1973) Momilactones are growth inhibitors from rice (Oryza sativa L.). Tetrahedron Letters, 39, 3861 3864.
52. Kato-Noguchi H., Ino T 2003) Rice seedlings release momilactone B into the environment. Phytochemistry, 63, 551 554.
53. Kato-Noguchi H., Ino T 2005) Possible involvement of momilactone B in rice allelopathy. Journal of Plant Physiology, 162, 718 721.
54. Kato-Noguchi H., Kosemura S., Yamamura S., Mizutani J., Hasegawa K 1994) Allelopathy of oat. I. Assessment of allelopathic potential of extract of oat shoots and identification of an allelochemical. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 20, 309 314.
55. Kato-Noguchi H., Ino T., Sata N., Yamamura S 2002) Isolation and identification of a potent allelopathic substance in rice root exudates. Physiologia Plantarum, 115, 401 405.
56. Khan A.H., Vaishya R.D 1992) Allelopathic effects of different crop residues on germination and growth of weeds. In Proceedings of National Symposium on Allelopathy in Agroecosystem, 12-14 February 1992, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, pp. 59 60. Eds P. Tauro, and S.S. Narwal. Hisar, India : Indian Society of Allelopathy.
57. Khanh T.D., Chung I.M., Xuan T.D., Tawata S 2005a) The exploitation of crop allelopathy in sustainable agricultural production. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 191, 172 184.
58. Khanh T.D., Hong N.H., Xuan T.D., Chung I.M 2005b) Paddy weed control by medicinal and leguminous plants from Southeast Asia. Crop Protection, 24, 421 431.
59. Khanh T.D., Xuan T.D., Chin D.V., Chung I.M., Abdelghany E.A., Tawata S 2006) Current status of biological control of paddy weeds in Vietnam. Weed Biology and Management, 6, 1 9.
60. Kim W.K., Kim K.U 2000) Searching for rice allelochemicals. In Proceedings of the International Workshop in Rice Allelopathy, 17-19 August 2000, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, pp. 15 26. Eds K.U. Kim, D.H. Shin. Taegu, Korea : Chan-Suk Park.
61. Kim K.U., Shin D.H 1998) Rice allelopathy research in Korea. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Allelopathy in Rice, pp. 39 44. Ed M. Olofsdotter. Manila, The Philippines : International Rice Research Institute.
62. Kim K.U., Shin D.H 2003) The importance of allelopathy in breeding new cultivars. In Weed Management for Developing Countries. Addendum 1 - FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 120, pp. 290. Ed R. Labrada. Rome, Italy : Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
63. Kong C., Liang W., Xu X., Hu F., Wang P., Jiang Y 2004a) Release and activity of allelochemicals from allelopathic rice seedlings. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, 2861 2865.
64. Kong C., Xu X., Zhou B., Hu F., Zhang C., Zhang M 2004b) Two compounds from allelopathic rice accession and their inhibitory activity on weeds and fungal pathogens. Phytochemistry, 65, 1123 1128.
65. Kuk Y.I 2001) Evaluation of rice by-products for weed control. Weed Science, 49, 141 147.
66. Kuwatsuka S., Shindo H 1973) Behavior of phenolic substances in the decaying process of plants. I. Identification and quantitative determination of phenolic acids in rice straw and its decayed product by gas chromatography. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 19, 219 227.
67. Leather G., Einhellig F.A 1988) Bioassay of naturally occurring allelochemicals for phytotoxicity. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 14, 1821 1828.
68. Lee S.B., Kim K.H., Hahn S.J., Chung I.M 2003) Evaluation of screening methods to determine the allelopathic potential of rice varieties against Echinochloa crus-galli. Beauv. var. oryzicola Ohwi. Allelopathy Journal, 12, 37 52.
69. Lee S.B., Ku Y.C., Kim K.H., Hahn S.J., Chung I.M 2004) Allelopathic potential of rice germplasm against barnyardgrass. Allelopathy Journal, 13, 17 28.
70. Lee S.B., Seo K.I., Koo J.H., Hur H.S., Shin J.C 2005) QTLs and molecular markers associated with rice allelopathy. Fourth World Congress on Allelopathy "Establishing the Scientific Base", pp. 505 507. Eds J.D.I. Harper, M. An, H. Wu and J.H. Kent. Wagga Wagga, Australia : Charles Sturt University.
71. Lin J. Jr., Smith R.J., Dilday R.H 1992) Allelopathic activity of rice germplasm on weed. Proceedings in Southern Weed Science Society, 45, 99.
72. Lin W., Kim K.U., Liang K., Guo Y 2000) Hybrid rice with allelopathy. In Rice Allelopathy, Proceedings of the International Workshop in Rice Allelopathy, 17-19 August 2000, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, pp. 49 56. Eds K.U. Kim, D.H. Shin. Taegu, Korea : Chan-Suk Park.
73. Lin W.X., He H.Q., Chen X.X., Song B.Q., Liang Y.Y., Liang K.J 2005) Use of ISSR molecular marker approach to estimate genetic diversity in rice and barley allelopathy. In Proceedings of World Fourth Congress on Allelopathy, pp. 168 174. Eds J.D.I. Harper, M. An, H. Wu and J.H. Kent. Wagga Wagga, Australia : Charles Sturt University.
74. Liu D.L., Lovett J.V 1993) Biological active secondary metabolites of barley. I. Developing techniques and assessing allelopathy in barley. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 19, 2217 2230.
75. Macias F.A 1995) Allelopathy in the search for natural herbicide models. In Allelopathy: Organism, Processes and Applications, pp. 310 330. Eds Inderjit, K.M.M. Dakshini and F.A. Einhellig. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society.
76. Macias F.A., Varela R., Torres M.A., Molinillo J.M.G 1993) Potential allelopathic guaianolides from cultivar sunflower leaves var. SH-222. Phytochemistry, 34, 669 674.
77. Macias F.A., Chinchilla N., Varela R.M., Molinillo J.M 2006) Bioactive steroids from Oryza sativa L. Steroids, 71, 603 608.
78. Mattice J.D., Lavy T., Skulman B., Dilday R.H 1998) Searching for allelochemicals in rice that control duck-salad. In Proceedings of 1998 Workshop on Allelopathy in Rice, pp. 81 98. Ed M. Olofsdotter. Manila, The Philippines : International Rice Research Institute.
79. Mattice J.D., Dilday R.H., Gbur E.E., Skulman B.M 2001) Barnyardgrass growth inhibition with rice using high-performance liquid chromatography to identify rice accession activity. Agronomy Journal, 93, 8 11.
80. Molisch H 1937) Der Einfluss einer Pflanze auf die andere - Allelopathie. Jena, Germany : Gustav Fischer.
81. Muller C.H 1965) Inhibitory terpenes volatilized from Salvia shrubs. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 92, 38 45.
82. Muller C.H 1966) The role of chemical inhibition (allelopathy) in vegetational composition. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 93, 332 351.
83. Muller C.H 1970) Biochemical Coevolution. The Role of Allelopathy in the Evolution of Vegetation. Corvallis, OR : Oregon State University Press.
84. Muller C.H 1974) Allelopathy in the environmental complex. In Handbook of Vegetation Science Part VI: Vegetation and Environment, pp. 73 85. Eds B.R. Strain, W.D. Billings Dr., and B.V. Junk. The Hague, the Netherlands : W. Junk Publishers.
85. Narwal S.S 2000) Weed management in rice: wheat rotation by allelopathy. Critical Reviews in Plant Science, 19, 249 266.
86. Narwal S.S., Tauro P 1994) Allelopathy in Agriculture and Forestry, 310 p. Jodhpur, India : Scientific Publishers.
87. Navarez D., Olofsdotter M 1996) Seeding technique for screening allelopathy rice (Oryza sativa L In Proceedings of 1996 Second International Weed Control Congress, pp. 1285 1290. Ed H. Brown. Copenhagen, Denmark : DJF Flakkebjerg.
88. Okuno K., Ebana K 2003) Identification of QTL controlling allelopathic effects in rice: genetic approaches to biological control of weeds. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 37, 77 81.
89. Olofsdotter M 2001a) Getting closer to breeding for competitive ability and the role of allelopathy - an example from rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technology, 15, 798 806.
90. Olofsdotter M 2001b) Rice-a step toward use of allelopathy. Agronomy Journal, 93, 3 8.
91. Olofsdotter M., Navarez D., Moody K 1995) Allelopathy potential in rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm. Annals of Applied Biology, 127, 543 560.
92. Olofsdotter M., Navarez D., Rebulanan M 1997) Rice allelopathy - where are we and how far can we get? In The 1997 Brighton Crop Protection Conference pp. 99 104. Weed Vol. 1. Brighton, UK : The British Crop Protection Council.
93. Olofsdotter M., Navarez D., Rebulanan M., Streibig J.C 1999) Weed suppressing rice cultivars - does allelopathy play a role? Weed Research, 39, 441 454.
94. Olofsdotter M., Jensen L.B., Courtois B 2002a) Improving crop competitive ability using allelopathy - an example from rice. Plant Breeding, 121, 1 9.
95. Olofsdotter M., Rebulanan M., Madrid A., Dali W., Navarez D., Olk D.C 2002b) Why phenolic acids are unlikely primary allelochemicals in rice. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 28, 229 242.
96. Putnam A.R., Tang C.S 1986) Allelopathy: state of the science. In The Science of Allelopathy, pp. 1 19. Eds A.R. Putnam and C.S. Tang. New York, NY : Wiley.
97. Rice E.L 1974) Allelopathy. Physiological Ecology. New York, NY : Academic Press.
98. Rice E.L 1984) Allelopathy. Physiological Ecology. Orlando, FL : Academic Press.
99. Rice E.L 1995) Biological Control of Weeds and Plant Diseases: Advances in Applied Allelopathy. Norman, OK : University of Oklahoma Press.
100. Rimando A., Olofsdotter M., Duke S.O 2001) Searching for rice allelochemicals an example of bioassay-guide isolation. Agronomy Journal, 93, 16 20.
101. Romeo J.T., Weidenhamer J.D 1999) Bioassays for allelopathy in terrestrial plant. In Methods in Chemical Ecology, pp 179 211. Eds. K.F. Haynes and J.G. Millar. Boston, MA : Kluwer Academic Publishing.
102. Rizvi S.J.H., Rizvi V 1992) Allelopathy-Basis and Applied Aspects, 480p. London, UK : Chapman and Hall.
103. Schmidt S.K 1990) Ecological applications of the destruction of junglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) by soil bacteria. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30, 3547 3549.
104. Seal A.N., Haig T., Pratley J.E 2004a) Evaluation of putative allelochemicals in rice root exudates for their role in the suppression of arrowhead root growth. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30, 1663 1678.
105. Seal A.N., Pratley J.E., Haig T., An M 2004b) Identification and quantitation of compounds in a series of allelopathic and non-allelopathic rice root exudates. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30, 1647 1662.
106. Shibayama H 2001) Weeds and weed management in rice production in Japan. Weed Biology and Management, 1, 53 60.
107. Singh H.P., Daizy R., Batish D.R., Kohli, R.K 1999) Autotoxicity: concept, organism, and ecological significance. Critical Reviews in Plant Science, 18, 757 772.
108. Singh H.P., Batish D.R., Kohli R.K 2001) Allelopathy in agroecosystems: an overview. Journal of Crop Production, 4, 1 41.
109. Soejima H., Sugiyama T., Ishihara K 1992) Changes in cytokinin activities and mass spectrometric analysis of cytokinins in root exudates of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Physiology, 100, 1724 1729.
110. Song H.K., Ahn J.K., Ahmad A., Hahn S.J., Kim S.H., Chung I.M 2004) Identification of allelochemicals in rice root exudates at various phenological phases and their influence on barnyardgrass. Allelopathy Journal, 13, 173 188.
111. Stowe L.G 1979) Allelopathy and its influence on the distribution of plants in an Illinois old field. Journal of Ecology, 67, 1065 1085.
112. Takeuchi Y., Kawaguchi S., Yoneyama K 2001) Inhibitory and promotive allelopathy in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Weed Biology and Management, 1, 147 156.
113. Tamak J.C., Narwal S.S., Singh L., Singh I 1994) Effect of aqueous extract of rice stubble and straw + stubble on the germination and seedling growth of wheat, oat, berseem and lentil. Crop Research, 8, 180 185.
114. Walker T.S., Bais H.P., Grotewold E., Vivanco J.M 2003) Root exudation and rhizosphere biology. Plant Physiology, 132, 44 51.
115. Weston L.A., Duke S.O 2003) Weed and crop allelopathy. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22, 367 389.
116. Whittaker R.H., Feeny P.P 1971) Allelochemics: chemical interactions between species. Science, 171, 757 770.
117. Williamson G.B 1990) Allelopathy, Koch's postulates and the neck riddles. In Perspectives on Plant Competition, pp 143 162. Eds. J.B. Grace and D. Tilman. New York, NY : Academic Press.
118. Wu H., Haig T., Pratley J., Lemerle D 2000) Distribution and exudation of allelochemicals in wheat Triticum aestivum. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 26, 2141 2154.
119. Xuan T.D., Tsuzuki E 2002) Varietal difference in allelopathic potential of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 188, 2 7.
120. Xuan T.D., Tsuzuki E., Terao H., Matsuo M., Khanh T.D., Murayama M., Hong N.H 2003) Alfalfa, rice by products, and their incorporation for weed control in rice. Weed Biology and Management, 3, 137 144.
121. Xuan T.D., Shinkichi T., Khanh T.D., Chung I.M 2005) Biological control of weeds and plant pathogens in paddy rice by exploiting plant allelopathy: an overview. Crop Protection, 24, 197 206.
122. Young C.C., Zhu C., Throne L.R., Waller G.R 1989) Phytotoxic potential of soils and wheat straw in rice rotation cropping systems of subtropical Taiwan. Plant Physiology, 120, 95 101.
123. Yu L., Lu Y., Zhou Y., Guo L., Qian Q 2005) Competition and allelopathy of rice isogenic line lines having similar genetic background but different plant morphology against weed. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao, 16, 721 725.
124. Zeng D.L., Qian Q., Teng S., Dong G.J., Fujimoto H., Yasufumi K., Zhu L.H 2003) Genetic analysis of rice allelopathy. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48, 265 268.