Exploring the cognitive-affective nature of destination image and the role of psychological factors in its formation

Tourism Management

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 263-277

  San Martín, Héctor ^a   Rodríguez del Bosque, Ignacio A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CANTABRIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Destination; Image; Motivations; Positioning; Values

Indexed keywords

COGNITION; TOURIST DESTINATION;

EID: 36549029748     PISSN: None     EISSN: 02615177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.012     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Anderson J.C., and Gerbing D.W. Structural equation modelling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin 103 3 (1988) 411-423
2. Assael H. Consumer behaviour and marketing action (1984), Kent Publishing, Boston
3. Assael H. Consumer behavior. 6th ed. (1999), International Thomson Publishing, New York
4. Babbie E. The practice of social research. 10th ed. (2004), Thomson, Wadsworth
5. Baloglu S. The relationship between destination images and sociodemographic and trip characteristics of international of international travellers. Journal of Vacation Marketing 3 3 (1997) 221-233
6. Baloglu S. A path analytic model of visitation intention involving information sources, socio-psychological motivations, and destination image. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 8 3 (1999) 81-91
7. Baloglu S. Image variations of Turkey by familiarity index: Informational and experiential dimensions. Tourism Management 22 2 (2001) 127-133
8. Baloglu S., and Brinberg D. Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research 35 4 (1997) 11-15
9. Baloglu S., and Mangaloglu M. Tourism destinations images of Turkey, Egypt, Greece, and Italy as perceived by US-based tour operators and travel agents. Tourism Management 22 1 (2001) 1-9
10. Baloglu S., and McCleary K.W. A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research 26 4 (1999) 868-897
11. Baloglu S., and McCleary K.W. US international pleasure travelers' images of four Mediterranean destinations: A comparison of visitors and nonvisitors. Journal of Travel Research 38 2 (1999) 144-152
12. Baloglu S., and Uysal M. Market segments of push and pull motivations: A canonical correlation approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8 3 (1996) 32-38
13. Basala S., and Klenosky D. Travel style preferences for visiting a novel destination: A conjoint investigation across the novelty-familiarity continuum. Journal of Travel Research 40 (2001) 172-183
14. Beerli A., and Martín J.D. Tourists' characteristic and the perceived image of tourist destinations: A quantitative analysis-A case study of Lanzarote, Spain. Tourism Management 25 5 (2004) 623-636
15. Bigné J.E., Sánchez M.I., and Sánchez J. Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behaviour: Inter-relationship. Tourism Management 22 6 (2001) 607-616
16. Boyacigiller N., Kleinberg M.J., Phillips M., and Sackmann S. Conceptualizing culture. In: Punnett B.J., and Shenkar O. (Eds). Handbook for international management research (1996), Blackwell, Cambridge, MS
17. Bryman A. Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: How is it done?. Qualitative Research 6 1 (2006) 97-113
18. Calantone R.J., Di Benedetto A., Hakam A., and Bojanic D.C. Multiple multinational tourism positioning using correspondence analysis. Journal of Travel Research 28 2 (1989) 25-32
19. Cha S., McCleary K.W., and Uysal M. Travel motivations of Japanese overseas travellers: A factor-cluster segmentation approach. Journal of Travel Research 34 1 (1995) 33-39
20. Chen P.-J., and Kerstetter D.L. International students' image of rural Pennsylvania as a travel destination. Journal of Travel Research 37 3 (1999) 256-266
21. Chen J.S., and Uysal M. Market positioning analysis: A hybrid approach. Annals of Tourism Research 29 4 (2002) 987-1003
22. Chon K.-S. The role of destination image in tourism: A review and discussion. The Tourist Review 45 2 (1990) 2-9
23. Chon K.-S. Tourism destination image modification process: Marketing implications. Tourism Management 12 (1991) 68-72
24. Claeys C., Swinnen P., and Abeele V. Consumers' means-end chains for "think" and "feel" products. International Journal of Research in Marketing 12 3 (1995) 193-208
25. Coshall J.T. Measurement of tourists' images: The repertory grid approach. Journal of Travel Research 39 1 (2000) 85-89
26. Court B., and Lupton R.A. Customer portfolio development: Modeling destination adopters, inactives, and rejecters. Journal of Travel Research 36 1 (1997) 35-43
27. Crompton J.L. An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon the image. Journal of Travel Research 18 4 (1979) 18-23
28. Crotts J.C. The effect of cultural distance on overseas travel behaviors. Journal of Travel Research 43 (2004) 83-88
29. Dadgostar B., and Isotalo R.M. Factors affecting time spent by near-home tourists in city destinations. Journal of Travel Research 31 2 (1992) 34-39
30. Dann G.M.S. Tourists' images of a destination-An alternative analysis. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 5 1/2 (1996) 41-55
31. Decrop A. Tourists' decision making and behavior processes. In: Pizam A., and Mansfeld Y. (Eds). Consumer behavior in travel and tourism (1999), The Haworth Press Inc, New York 103-133
32. Dowling G.R., and Staelin R. A model of perceived risk and intended risk-handling activity. Journal of Consumer Research 21 1 (1994) 119-134
33. Echtner C.M., and Ritchie J.R.B. The meaning and measurement of destination image. Journal of Tourism Studies 2 2 (1991) 2-12
34. Echtner C.M., and Ritchie J.R.B. The measurement of destination image: An empirical assessment. Journal of Travel Research 31 4 (1993) 3-13
35. Elsrud T. Risk creation in traveling: Backpacker adventure narration. Annals of Tourism Research 28 (2001) 597-617
36. Embacher J., and Buttle F. A repertory grid analysis of Austria's image as a summer vacation destination. Journal of Travel Research 27 3 (1989) 3-7
37. Fakeye P.C., and Crompton J.L. Image differences between prospective, first-time and repeat visitors to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Travel Research 30 2 (1991) 10-16
38. Fuchs G., and Reichel A. Cultural differences in tourist destination risk perception: An exploratory study. Tourism 52 1 (2004) 21-37
39. Gallarza M.G., Gil I., and Calderón H. Destination image: Towards a conceptual framework. Annals of Tourism Research 29 1 (2002) 56-78
40. Gartner W.C. Image formation process. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 2 2/3 (1993) 191-215
41. Gartner W.C., and Hunt J.D. An analysis of state image change over a twelve-year period (1971-1983). Journal of Travel Research 26 2 (1987) 15-19
42. Gartner W.C., and Shen J. The impact of Tiananmen Square on China's tourism image. Journal of Travel Research 30 4 (1992) 47-52
43. Goossens C. Tourism information and pleasure motivation. Annals of Tourism Research 27 2 (2000) 301-321
44. Greene J.C., Caracelli V.J., and Graham W.F. Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 11 3 (1989) 255-274
45. Gutman J. Means-ends chains as goal hierarchies. Psychology and Marketing 14 6 (1997) 545-560
46. Hair J.F., Anderson R.E., Tatham R.L., and Black W.C. Multivariate data analysis. 5th ed. (1998), Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
47. Hawkins D.I., Best R.J., and Coney K.A. Consumer behavior: Building marketing strategy. 9th ed. (2003), McGraw Hill, Boston
48. Hirschman E.C., and Holbrook M.B. Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing 46 3 (1982) 92-101
49. Hofstede G. Cultural consequences. second ed (2001), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
50. Howarth C.S. Towards a social psychology of community: A social representations perspective. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 31 2 (2001) 223-238
51. Hsu C.H.C., Wolfe K., and Kang S.K. Image assessment for a destination with limited comparative advantages. Tourism Management 25 1 (2004) 121-126
52. Hudson S. Consumer behavior related to tourism. In: Pizam A., and Mansfeld Y. (Eds). Consumer behavior in travel and tourism (1999), The Haworth Press Inc, New York 7-32
53. Hui T.K., and Wan T.W.D. Singapore's image as a tourist destination. International Journal of Tourism Research 5 (2003) 305-313
54. Jenkins O.H. Understanding and measuring tourist destination images. International Journal of Tourism Research 1 (1999) 1-15
55. Joppe M., Martin D.W., and Waalen J. Toronto's image as a destination: A comparative importance-satisfaction analysis by origin of visitor. Journal of Travel Research 39 3 (2001) 252-260
56. Kandampully J. The impact of demand fluctuation on the quality of service: A tourism industry example. Managing Service Quality 10 1 (2000) 10-18
57. Kim S.-S., and Lee C.-K. Push and pull relationships. Annals of Tourism Research 29 1 (2002) 257-260
58. Kim H., and Richardson S.L. Motion picture impacts on destination images. Annals of Tourism Research 30 1 (2003) 216-237
59. Kim S.-S., Lee C.-K., and Klenosky D.B. The influence of push and pull factors at Korean national parks. Tourism Management 24 2 (2003) 169-180
60. Klenosky D.B. The pull of tourism destinations: A means-end investigation. Journal of Travel Research 40 4 (2002) 385-395
61. Kozak M. Comparative analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations. Tourism Management 23 3 (2002) 221-232
62. Kuzel A.J. Sampling in qualitative inquiry. In: Crabtree B.F., and Miller W.L. (Eds). Doing qualitative research (1992), Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA 31-44
63. Lawson F., and Baud-Bovy M. Tourism and recreational development (1977), Architectural Press, London
64. Leisen B. Image segmentation: The case of a tourism destination. Journal of Services Marketing 15 1 (2001) 49-66
65. Litvin S.W., and Ling S.N.S. The destination attribute management model: An empirical application to Bintan, Indonesia. Tourism Management 22 5 (2001) 481-492
66. Litvin S.W., Crotts J.C., and Hefner F.L. Cross-cultural tourist behaviour: A replication and extension involving Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance dimension. International Journal of Tourism Research 6 (2004) 29-37
67. MacKay K.J., and Fesenmaier D.R. Pictorial element of destination in image formation. Annals of Tourism Research 24 3 (1997) 537-565
68. MacKay K.J., and Fesenmaier D.R. An exploration of cross-cultural destination image assessment. Journal of Travel Research 38 (2000) 417-423
69. Milman A., and Pizam A. The role of awareness and familiarity with a destination: The Central Florida case. Journal of Travel Research 33 3 (1995) 21-27
70. Mort G.S., and Rose T. The effect of product type on value linkages in the means-end chain: Implications for theory and method. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 3 3 (2004) 221-234
71. Moscovici S. The phenomenon of social representations. In: Farr R., and Moscovici S. (Eds). Social representations (1984), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 3-69
72. Moscovici S. The generalised self and mass society. In: Himmelweit H., and Gaskell G. (Eds). Societal psychology (1990), Sage, London
73. Moutinho L. Consumer behavior in tourism. European Journal of Marketing 21 10 (1987) 5-44
74. Murphy P., Pritchard M.P., and Smith B. The destination product and its impact on traveller perceptions. Tourism Management 21 1 (2000) 43-52
75. Oh H.C., Uysal M., and Weaver P.A. Product bundles and market segments based on travel motivations: A canonical correlation approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management 14 2 (1995) 123-137
76. O'Leary S., and Deegan J. People, pace, place: Qualitative and quantitative images of Ireland as a tourism destination in France. Journal of Vacation Marketing 9 3 (2003) 213-226
77. Oliver R.L. Satisfaction. A behavioral perspective on the consumer (1997), McGraw-Hill, New York
78. Oliver R.L., and Burke R.R. Expectation processes in satisfaction formation. Journal of Service Research 1 3 (1999) 196-214
79. Pearce P.L., Moscardo G., and Ross G.F. Tourism community relationships (1996), Pergamon Press, Oxford
80. Phelps A. Holiday destination image-The problem of assessment: An example developed in Menorca. Tourism Management 7 3 (1986) 168-180
81. Pike S., and Ryan C. Destination positioning analysis through a comparison of cognitive, affective, and conative perceptions. Journal of Travel Research 42 4 (2004) 333-342
82. Pritchard M.P. Responses to destination advertising: Differentiating inquiries to a short, getaway vacation campaign. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 7 2 (1998) 31-51
83. Reynolds W.H. The role of the consumer in image building. California Management Review 7 (1965) 69-76
84. Richardson S., and Crompton J.L. Cultural variations in perceptions of vacation attributes. Tourism Management 9 2 (1988) 128-136
85. Rittichainuwat B.N., Qu H., and Brown T.J. Thailand international travel image. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly April (2001) 82-95
86. Russell J.A. A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39 (1980) 1161-1178
87. Sherry J.F. The cultural perspective in consumer research. Advances in Consumer Research 13 (1986) 573-575
88. Schiffman L.G., and Kanuk L.L. Consumer behavior. 8th ed. (2004), Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
89. Shenkar O. Cultural distance revisited: towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences. Journal of International Business Studies 32 3 (2001) 519-535
90. Solomon M., Bamossy G., and Askegaard S. Consumer behaviour: A European perspective (2002), Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
91. Stern E., and Krakover S. The formation of a composite urban image. Geographical Analysis 25 2 (1993) 130-146
92. Steenkamp J.B., and Van Trijp H.C.M. The use of LISREL in validating marketing constructs. International Journal of Research in Marketing 8 (1991) 283-299
93. Tapachai N., and Waryszak R. An examination of the role of beneficial image in tourist destination selection. Journal of Travel Research 39 1 (2000) 37-44
94. Telisman-Kosuta N. Tourist destination image. In: Witt S., and Moutinho L. (Eds). Tourism marketing and management handbook (1994), Prentice Hall, Cambridge 557-561
95. Vogt C.A., and Andereck K.L. Destination perceptions across a vacation. Journal of Travel Research 41 4 (2003) 348-354
96. Walmsley D.J., and Young M. Evaluative images and tourism: the use of personal constructs to describe the structure of destinations images. Journal of Travel Research 36 3 (1998) 65-69
97. Yoon Y., and Uysal M. An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management 26 1 (2005) 45-56