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For a few C-C bond forming aerobic reactions in organic solvents, see: (a) Trend, R. M.; Ramtohul, Y. K.; Stoltz, B. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 17778.
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For the optimization of the reaction, see the Supporting Information
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For the optimization of the reaction, see the Supporting Information.
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Solid reactants can be used in pure water when the rest of the reagents are liquids, but not when all the components are solids. See for example
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Solid reactants can be used in pure water when the rest of the reagents are liquids, but not when all the components are solids. See for example: Narayan, S.; Muldoon, J.; Finn, M. G.; Fokin, V. V.; Kolb, H. C.; Sharpless, K. B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 3275.
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Similar coupled catalytic systems have been previously used by our group in 1,4-oxidation of dienes and in allylic oxidations: (a) Bäckvall, J.-E.; Hopkins, R. B.; Grennberg, H.; Mader, M.; Awasthi, A. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5160.
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Similar coupled catalytic systems have been previously used by our group in 1,4-oxidation of dienes and in allylic oxidations: (a) Bäckvall, J.-E.; Hopkins, R. B.; Grennberg, H.; Mader, M.; Awasthi, A. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5160.
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(b) Wöltinger, J.; Bäckvall, J.-E.; Zsigmond, A. Chem. - Eur. J. 1999, 5, 1460.
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Reference 14b
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(c) Reference 14b.
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41
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The stereochemistry of compound 2a was established by converting it to the known acetate see ref 13a
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The stereochemistry of compound 2a was established by converting it to the known acetate (see ref 13a).
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One reviewer suggested an alternative mechanism via Pd(II)-promoted addition of H2O into the 1,3-diene to form a (π-allyl)Pd intermediate followed by allene insertion. Attempts to generate such a (π-allyl)Pd intermediate from a 1,3-cyclohexadiene analogue to 1a, where n-Bu is attached to the CHE2 group in place of -CH=·=CMe2, failed. Under stoichiometric conditions similar to those used in the catalytic reaction, there was no reaction with neither Pd(OAc)2 nor Pd(TFA)2. Further support for the mechanism in Scheme 3 was provided by monitoring the stoichiometric reaction of 1a with Pd(TFA)2 in THF-d8 by 1H NMR, which shows that the first step is formation of vinyl complex A see Supporting Information, Insertion of the diene to give allyl intermediates requires BQ, and C-O bond formation is the last step of the sequence
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1H NMR, which shows that the first step is formation of vinyl complex A (see Supporting Information). Insertion of the diene to give allyl intermediates requires BQ, and C-O bond formation is the last step of the sequence.
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2 as catalyst gave 80% yield of 2a, and the allylic acetate is completely stable under the reaction conditions.
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2 as catalyst gave 80% yield of 2a, and the allylic acetate is completely stable under the reaction conditions.
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