메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 134, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 520-528

Dental indicators of health and stress in early Egyptian and Nubian agriculturalists: A difficult transition and gradual recovery

Author keywords

Badari; Linear enamel hypoplasia; Nile valley; Subsistence transition

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURE; ARTICLE; DENTITION; EGYPT; ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA; GROWTH; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; PREVALENCE; URBANIZATION;

EID: 36349034479     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: 10968644     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20700     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (59)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0001137962 scopus 로고
    • Review of Predynastic development in the Nile valley
    • Arkell AJ, Ucko PJ. 1965. Review of Predynastic development in the Nile valley. Curr Anthropol 6:145-166.
    • (1965) Curr Anthropol , vol.6 , pp. 145-166
    • Arkell, A.J.1    Ucko, P.J.2
  • 2
    • 0014681770 scopus 로고
    • Disease in ancient Nubia
    • Armelagos GJ. 1969. Disease in ancient Nubia. Science 163:255-259.
    • (1969) Science , vol.163 , pp. 255-259
    • Armelagos, G.J.1
  • 4
    • 84981606960 scopus 로고
    • Dental disease evidence for agricultural intensification in the Nubian C-group
    • Beckett S, Lovell NC. 1994. Dental disease evidence for agricultural intensification in the Nubian C-group. Int J Osteoarchaeol 4:223-240.
    • (1994) Int J Osteoarchaeol , vol.4 , pp. 223-240
    • Beckett, S.1    Lovell, N.C.2
  • 5
    • 0041655877 scopus 로고
    • Origins and relationships of the ancient Egyptians. Based on a study of non-metrical variations in the skull
    • Berry AC, Berry RJ. 1972. Origins and relationships of the ancient Egyptians. Based on a study of non-metrical variations in the skull. J Hum Evol 1:199-208.
    • (1972) J Hum Evol , vol.1 , pp. 199-208
    • Berry, A.C.1    Berry, R.J.2
  • 6
    • 85050836840 scopus 로고
    • Genetical change in ancient Egypt
    • Berry AC, Berry RJ, Ucko PJ. 1967. Genetical change in ancient Egypt. Man 2:551-568.
    • (1967) Man , vol.2 , pp. 551-568
    • Berry, A.C.1    Berry, R.J.2    Ucko, P.J.3
  • 7
    • 84995200719 scopus 로고
    • Conservative scoring and exclusion of the phenomenon of interest in linear enamel hypoplasia studies
    • Berti PR, Mahaney MC. 1995. Conservative scoring and exclusion of the phenomenon of interest in linear enamel hypoplasia studies. Am J Hum Biol 7:313-320.
    • (1995) Am J Hum Biol , vol.7 , pp. 313-320
    • Berti, P.R.1    Mahaney, M.C.2
  • 8
    • 33845892504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early childhood stress and adult age mortality - a study of dental enamel hypoplasia in the medieval Danish village of Tirup
    • Boldsen JL. 2007. Early childhood stress and adult age mortality - a study of dental enamel hypoplasia in the medieval Danish village of Tirup. Am J Phys Anthropol 132:59-66.
    • (2007) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.132 , pp. 59-66
    • Boldsen, J.L.1
  • 14
    • 0022393461 scopus 로고
    • Chronological distribution of enamel hypoplasias and weaning in a Caribbean slave population
    • Corruccini RS, Handler JS, Jacobi KP. 1985. Chronological distribution of enamel hypoplasias and weaning in a Caribbean slave population. Hum Biol 57:699-711.
    • (1985) Hum Biol , vol.57 , pp. 699-711
    • Corruccini, R.S.1    Handler, J.S.2    Jacobi, K.P.3
  • 15
    • 0036838394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diachronic investigation of linear enamel hypoplasia in prehistoric skeletal samples from Trentino, Italy
    • Cucina A. 2002. Diachronic investigation of linear enamel hypoplasia in prehistoric skeletal samples from Trentino, Italy. Am J Phys Anthropol 119:283-287.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.119 , pp. 283-287
    • Cucina, A.1
  • 16
    • 0011049560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of enamel hypoplasia in a high status burial site
    • Cucina A, Iscan MY. 1997. Assessment of enamel hypoplasia in a high status burial site. Am J Hum Biol 9:213-222.
    • (1997) Am J Hum Biol , vol.9 , pp. 213-222
    • Cucina, A.1    Iscan, M.Y.2
  • 17
    • 0016657943 scopus 로고
    • The limitation of human population: A natural history
    • Dumond D. 1975. The limitation of human population: a natural history. Science 187:713-721.
    • (1975) Science , vol.187 , pp. 713-721
    • Dumond, D.1
  • 18
    • 0015546023 scopus 로고
    • Influence of socio-economic conditions on dental development in Nigerian children
    • Enwonwu CO. 1973. Influence of socio-economic conditions on dental development in Nigerian children. Arch Oral Biol 18:95-107.
    • (1973) Arch Oral Biol , vol.18 , pp. 95-107
    • Enwonwu, C.O.1
  • 19
    • 14844339990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cribra orbitalia and cribra cranii in Roman skeletal remains from the Ravenna area and Rimini (I-IV century AD)
    • Facchini F, Rastelli E, Brasili P. 2004. Cribra orbitalia and cribra cranii in Roman skeletal remains from the Ravenna area and Rimini (I-IV century AD). Int J Osteoarchaeol 14:126-136.
    • (2004) Int J Osteoarchaeol , vol.14 , pp. 126-136
    • Facchini, F.1    Rastelli, E.2    Brasili, P.3
  • 20
    • 0020143840 scopus 로고
    • An epidemiological index of developmental defects of dental enamel (DDE Index)
    • FDI
    • FDI. 1982. An epidemiological index of developmental defects of dental enamel (DDE Index). Int Dent J 32:159-167.
    • (1982) Int Dent J , vol.32 , pp. 159-167
  • 21
    • 0023505132 scopus 로고
    • Palaeoecological evidence from neolithic fire-places in the Sahara
    • Gabriel B. 1987. Palaeoecological evidence from neolithic fire-places in the Sahara. Afr Archaeol Rev 5:93-103.
    • (1987) Afr Archaeol Rev , vol.5 , pp. 93-103
    • Gabriel, B.1
  • 22
    • 0022386315 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the distribution of enamel hypoplasias within the human permanent dentition
    • Goodman AH, Armelagos GJ. 1985. Factors affecting the distribution of enamel hypoplasias within the human permanent dentition. Am J Phys Anthropol 68:479-493.
    • (1985) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.68 , pp. 479-493
    • Goodman, A.H.1    Armelagos, G.J.2
  • 23
    • 0025687983 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of systemic physiological perturbations from dental enamel hypoplasias and associated histological structures
    • Goodman AH, Rose JC. 1990. Assessment of systemic physiological perturbations from dental enamel hypoplasias and associated histological structures. Yearb Phys Anthropol 33:59-110.
    • (1990) Yearb Phys Anthropol , vol.33 , pp. 59-110
    • Goodman, A.H.1    Rose, J.C.2
  • 24
    • 0000426435 scopus 로고
    • Dental enamel hypoplasias as indicators of nutritional status
    • Kelley MA, Larsen CS, editors, New York: Wiley-Liss. p
    • Goodman AH, Rose JC. 1991. Dental enamel hypoplasias as indicators of nutritional status. In: Kelley MA, Larsen CS, editors. Advances in dental anthropology. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 279-293.
    • (1991) Advances in dental anthropology , pp. 279-293
    • Goodman, A.H.1    Rose, J.C.2
  • 25
    • 0018971994 scopus 로고
    • Enamel hypoplasias as indicators of stress in three prehistoric populations from Illinois
    • Goodman AH, Armelagos GJ, Rose JC. 1980. Enamel hypoplasias as indicators of stress in three prehistoric populations from Illinois. Hum Biol 52:515-528.
    • (1980) Hum Biol , vol.52 , pp. 515-528
    • Goodman, A.H.1    Armelagos, G.J.2    Rose, J.C.3
  • 26
    • 0347729281 scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic and nutritional status correlates of enamel developmental defects in mild-to-moderately malnourished Mexican children
    • Goodman AH, Pelto GH, Allen LH. 1988. Socioeconomic and nutritional status correlates of enamel developmental defects in mild-to-moderately malnourished Mexican children. Am J Phys Anthropol 75:215.
    • (1988) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.75 , pp. 215
    • Goodman, A.H.1    Pelto, G.H.2    Allen, L.H.3
  • 27
    • 0002394043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpreting sex differences in enamel hypoplasia in human and non-human primates: Developmental, environmental, and cultural considerations
    • Guatelli-Steinberg D, Lukacs JR. 1999. Interpreting sex differences in enamel hypoplasia in human and non-human primates: developmental, environmental, and cultural considerations. Yearb Phys Anthropol 42:73-126.
    • (1999) Yearb Phys Anthropol , vol.42 , pp. 73-126
    • Guatelli-Steinberg, D.1    Lukacs, J.R.2
  • 28
    • 3343022460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and the duration of linear enamel hypoplasia: A comparative study of Neandertals and Inuit foragers
    • Guatelli-Steinberg D, Larsen CS, Hutchinson DL. 2004. Prevalence and the duration of linear enamel hypoplasia: a comparative study of Neandertals and Inuit foragers. J Hum Evol 47:65-84.
    • (2004) J Hum Evol , vol.47 , pp. 65-84
    • Guatelli-Steinberg, D.1    Larsen, C.S.2    Hutchinson, D.L.3
  • 30
    • 67649237478 scopus 로고
    • Dental health in ancient Egypt
    • Cockburn A, Cockburn E, editors, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p
    • Harris JE, Ponitz PV. 1980. Dental health in ancient Egypt. In: Cockburn A, Cockburn E, editors. Mummies, disease, and ancient cultures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 45-51.
    • (1980) Mummies, disease, and ancient cultures , pp. 45-51
    • Harris, J.E.1    Ponitz, P.V.2
  • 31
    • 0000030062 scopus 로고
    • The Predynastic of Egypt
    • Hassan FA. 1988. The Predynastic of Egypt. J World Prehist 2:137-185.
    • (1988) J World Prehist , vol.2 , pp. 137-185
    • Hassan, F.A.1
  • 32
    • 0004164117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Hillson S. 1996. Dental anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1996) Dental anthropology
    • Hillson, S.1
  • 33
    • 84967844442 scopus 로고
    • The evidence and nature of contacts between Upper and Lower Egypt during the Predynastic: A view from Upper Egypt
    • Van den Brink ECM, editor
    • Holmes DL. 1992. The evidence and nature of contacts between Upper and Lower Egypt during the Predynastic: a view from Upper Egypt. In: Van den Brink ECM, editor. The Nile delta in transition: 4th-3rd Millenium B.C. Tel Aviv: Edwin C.M. van den Brink. p 301-316.
    • (1992) The Nile delta in transition: 4th-3rd Millenium B.C. Tel Aviv: Edwin C.M. van den Brink , pp. 301-316
    • Holmes, D.L.1
  • 34
    • 7044271910 scopus 로고
    • Rise of the Nile delta
    • Holmes DL. 1993. Rise of the Nile delta. Nature 363:402-403.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.363 , pp. 402-403
    • Holmes, D.L.1
  • 35
    • 0021072420 scopus 로고
    • Cortical bone growth and dietary stress among subadults from Nubia's Batn El Hajar
    • Hummert JR. 1983. Cortical bone growth and dietary stress among subadults from Nubia's Batn El Hajar. Am J Phys Anthropol 62:167-176.
    • (1983) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.62 , pp. 167-176
    • Hummert, J.R.1
  • 36
    • 0020586286 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal growth in a medieval population from Sudanese Nubia
    • Hummert JR, Van Gerven DP. 1983. Skeletal growth in a medieval population from Sudanese Nubia. Am J Phys Anthropol 60:471-478.
    • (1983) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.60 , pp. 471-478
    • Hummert, J.R.1    Van Gerven, D.P.2
  • 37
    • 27744448623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population continuity vs. discontinuity revisited: Dental affinities among late Paleolithic through Christian-Era Nubians
    • Irish JD. 2005. Population continuity vs. discontinuity revisited: Dental affinities among late Paleolithic through Christian-Era Nubians. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:520-535.
    • (2005) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.128 , pp. 520-535
    • Irish, J.D.1
  • 38
    • 33645228318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who were the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic through Postdynastic peoples
    • Irish JD. 2006. Who were the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic through Postdynastic peoples. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:529-543.
    • (2006) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.129 , pp. 529-543
    • Irish, J.D.1
  • 39
    • 0033670550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agriculture origins: The evidence of modern and ancient DNA
    • Jones M, Brown T. 2000. Agriculture origins: the evidence of modern and ancient DNA. The Holocene 10:769-776.
    • (2000) The Holocene , vol.10 , pp. 769-776
    • Jones, M.1    Brown, T.2
  • 40
    • 0025072184 scopus 로고
    • Studies of ancient crania from northern Africa
    • Keita SOY. 1990. Studies of ancient crania from northern Africa. Am J Phys Anthropol 83:35-48.
    • (1990) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.83 , pp. 35-48
    • Keita, S.O.Y.1
  • 41
    • 0142166741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of vault porosities in early Upper Egypt from the Badarian through Dynasty I
    • Keita SOY. 2003. A study of vault porosities in early Upper Egypt from the Badarian through Dynasty I. World Archaeol 35:210-222.
    • (2003) World Archaeol , vol.35 , pp. 210-222
    • Keita, S.O.Y.1
  • 42
    • 0035184599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diachronic patterns of dental hypoplasias and vault porosities during the predynastic in the Naqada region, Upper Egypt
    • Keita SOY, Boyce AJ. 2001. Diachronic patterns of dental hypoplasias and vault porosities during the predynastic in the Naqada region, Upper Egypt. Am J Hum Biol 13:733-743.
    • (2001) Am J Hum Biol , vol.13 , pp. 733-743
    • Keita, S.O.Y.1    Boyce, A.J.2
  • 44
    • 27744441339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linear enamel hypoplasias as indicators of systemic physiological stress: Evidence from two known age-at-death and sex populations from post-medieval London
    • King T, Humphrey LT, Hillson SW. 2005. Linear enamel hypoplasias as indicators of systemic physiological stress: evidence from two known age-at-death and sex populations from post-medieval London. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:547-559.
    • (2005) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.128 , pp. 547-559
    • King, T.1    Humphrey, L.T.2    Hillson, S.W.3
  • 45
    • 0345545382 scopus 로고
    • Linear enamel hypoplasia and tuberculosis in the Pre-Columbian North America
    • Knick SG. 1982. Linear enamel hypoplasia and tuberculosis in the Pre-Columbian North America. Ossa 8:131-138.
    • (1982) Ossa , vol.8 , pp. 131-138
    • Knick, S.G.1
  • 46
    • 36349004178 scopus 로고
    • Histopathologic studies of abnormal enamel formation in human teeth
    • Kreshover SJ. 1940. Histopathologic studies of abnormal enamel formation in human teeth. Am J Orthodontics 26:1083-1101.
    • (1940) Am J Orthodontics , vol.26 , pp. 1083-1101
    • Kreshover, S.J.1
  • 47
    • 84964136568 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of enamel hypoplasia: An experimental study
    • Kreshover SJ. 1944. The pathogenesis of enamel hypoplasia: an experimental study. J Dent Res 23:231-238.
    • (1944) J Dent Res , vol.23 , pp. 231-238
    • Kreshover, S.J.1
  • 48
    • 0000285499 scopus 로고
    • Biological changes in human populations with agriculture
    • Larsen CS. 1995. Biological changes in human populations with agriculture. Annu Rev Anthropol 24:185-213.
    • (1995) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.24 , pp. 185-213
    • Larsen, C.S.1
  • 49
    • 33646545401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The agricultural revolution as environmental catastrophe: Implications for health and lifestyle in the Holocene
    • Larsen CS. 2006. The agricultural revolution as environmental catastrophe: implications for health and lifestyle in the Holocene. Quatern Int 150:12-20.
    • (2006) Quatern Int , vol.150 , pp. 12-20
    • Larsen, C.S.1
  • 50
    • 0032845040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of dental enamel defects at ancient Mendes, Egypt
    • Lovell NC, Whyte I. 1999. Patterns of dental enamel defects at ancient Mendes, Egypt. Am J Phys Anthropol 110:69-80.
    • (1999) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.110 , pp. 69-80
    • Lovell, N.C.1    Whyte, I.2
  • 51
    • 0032743257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enamel hypoplasia in deciduous teeth of great apes: Do differences in defect prevalence imply differential levels of physiological stress?
    • Lukacs JR. 1999. Enamel hypoplasia in deciduous teeth of great apes: Do differences in defect prevalence imply differential levels of physiological stress? Am J Phys Anthropol 110:351-363.
    • (1999) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.110 , pp. 351-363
    • Lukacs, J.R.1
  • 52
    • 0034762813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enamel hypoplasia in the deciduous teeth of great apes: Variation in prevalence and timing of defects
    • Lukacs JR. 2001. Enamel hypoplasia in the deciduous teeth of great apes: variation in prevalence and timing of defects. Am J Phys Anthropol 116:199-208.
    • (2001) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.116 , pp. 199-208
    • Lukacs, J.R.1
  • 53
    • 33645865883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and distribution of developmental enamel defects in the primary dentition of preschool children
    • Lunardelli SE, Peres MA. 2005. Prevalence and distribution of developmental enamel defects in the primary dentition of preschool children. Braz Oral Res 19:144-149.
    • (2005) Braz Oral Res , vol.19 , pp. 144-149
    • Lunardelli, S.E.1    Peres, M.A.2
  • 54
    • 0000190837 scopus 로고
    • The effects of socioeconomic change in prehistoric Africa: Sudanese Nubia as a case study
    • Cohen MN, Armelagos GJ, editors, Orlando, Florida: Academic Press. p
    • Martin DL, Armelagos GJ, Goodman AH, Van Gerven DP. 1984. The effects of socioeconomic change in prehistoric Africa: Sudanese Nubia as a case study. In: Cohen MN, Armelagos GJ, editors. Paleopathology at the origins of agriculture. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press. p 193-214.
    • (1984) Paleopathology at the origins of agriculture , pp. 193-214
    • Martin, D.L.1    Armelagos, G.J.2    Goodman, A.H.3    Van Gerven, D.P.4
  • 55
    • 0000624710 scopus 로고
    • Formation and resorption of three deciduous teeth in children
    • Moorrees CFA, Fanning EA, Hunt EE. 1963. Formation and resorption of three deciduous teeth in children. Am J Phys Anthropol 21:205-213.
    • (1963) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.21 , pp. 205-213
    • Moorrees, C.F.A.1    Fanning, E.A.2    Hunt, E.E.3
  • 56
    • 0024559762 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and patterning of dental enamel hypoplasia among the Neandertals
    • Ogilvie MD, Curran BK, Trinkaus E. 1989. Incidence and patterning of dental enamel hypoplasia among the Neandertals. Am J Phys Anthropol 79:25-41.
    • (1989) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.79 , pp. 25-41
    • Ogilvie, M.D.1    Curran, B.K.2    Trinkaus, E.3
  • 58
    • 33748660032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimensions of health and social structure in the early intermediate period cemetery at Villa El Salvador, Peru
    • Pechenkina EA, Delgado M. 2006. Dimensions of health and social structure in the early intermediate period cemetery at Villa El Salvador, Peru. Am J Phys Anthropol 131:218-235.
    • (2006) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.131 , pp. 218-235
    • Pechenkina, E.A.1    Delgado, M.2
  • 59
    • 0036135179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet and health changes at the end of the Chinese Neolithic: The Yangshao/Longshan transition in Shaanxi province
    • Pechenkina EA, Benfer RA, Zhijun W. 2002. Diet and health changes at the end of the Chinese Neolithic: the Yangshao/Longshan transition in Shaanxi province. Am J Phys Anthropol 117:15-36.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.117 , pp. 15-36
    • Pechenkina, E.A.1    Benfer, R.A.2    Zhijun, W.3
  • 60
    • 0026905394 scopus 로고
    • Did food increase fertility? Evaluation of !Kung and Herero History
    • Pennington R. 1992. Did food increase fertility? Evaluation of !Kung and Herero History. Hum Biol 64:497-521.
    • (1992) Hum Biol , vol.64 , pp. 497-521
    • Pennington, R.1
  • 61
    • 0007810727 scopus 로고
    • Diet and dentition: Developmental disturbances
    • Gilbert RI, Mielke JH, editors, Orlando, FL: Academic Press. p
    • Rose JC, Condon KW, Goodman AH. 1985. Diet and dentition: developmental disturbances. In: Gilbert RI, Mielke JH, editors. The analysis of prehistoric diets. Orlando, FL: Academic Press. p 281-305.
    • (1985) The analysis of prehistoric diets , pp. 281-305
    • Rose, J.C.1    Condon, K.W.2    Goodman, A.H.3
  • 62
    • 84982371711 scopus 로고
    • A note on the demographic concomitants of sedentism
    • Roth EA. 1985. A note on the demographic concomitants of sedentism. Am Anthropol 87:380-382.
    • (1985) Am Anthropol , vol.87 , pp. 380-382
    • Roth, E.A.1
  • 63
    • 0000321530 scopus 로고
    • Enamel hypoplasias (chronic enamel aplasia) in relationship to systemic diseases: A chronological, morphological and etiological classification
    • Sarnat BG, Schour I. 1941. Enamel hypoplasias (chronic enamel aplasia) in relationship to systemic diseases: a chronological, morphological and etiological classification. J Am Dent Assoc 28:1989-2000.
    • (1941) J Am Dent Assoc , vol.28 , pp. 1989-2000
    • Sarnat, B.G.1    Schour, I.2
  • 64
    • 0034949398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some recent trends in the archaeology of Predynastic Egypt
    • Savage SH. 2001. Some recent trends in the archaeology of Predynastic Egypt. J Archaeol Res 9:101-155.
    • (2001) J Archaeol Res , vol.9 , pp. 101-155
    • Savage, S.H.1
  • 66
    • 0030428982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental stress in immature hominines from Late Pleistocene Eurasia: Evidence from enamel hypoplasia
    • Skinner M. 1996. Developmental stress in immature hominines from Late Pleistocene Eurasia: Evidence from enamel hypoplasia. J Archaeol Sci 23:833-852.
    • (1996) J Archaeol Sci , vol.23 , pp. 833-852
    • Skinner, M.1
  • 67
    • 0002569534 scopus 로고
    • Anthropological uses of developmental defects of enamel
    • Saunders SR, Katzenberg MA, editors, New York: Wiley-Liss. p
    • Skinner M, Goodman AH. 1992. Anthropological uses of developmental defects of enamel. In: Saunders SR, Katzenberg MA, editors. Skeletal biology of past peoples: research methods. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 153-174.
    • (1992) Skeletal biology of past peoples: Research methods , pp. 153-174
    • Skinner, M.1    Goodman, A.H.2
  • 69
    • 0027750650 scopus 로고
    • Sea-level and initiation of Predynastic culture in the Nile delta
    • Stanley DJ, Warne AG. 1993. Sea-level and initiation of Predynastic culture in the Nile delta. Nature 363:435-438.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.363 , pp. 435-438
    • Stanley, D.J.1    Warne, A.G.2
  • 71
    • 0036353933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal health in the Western Hemisphere from 4000 B.C. to the present
    • Steckel RH, Rose JC, Larsen CS, Walker PL. 2002. Skeletal health in the Western Hemisphere from 4000 B.C. to the present. Evol Anthropol 11:142-155.
    • (2002) Evol Anthropol , vol.11 , pp. 142-155
    • Steckel, R.H.1    Rose, J.C.2    Larsen, C.S.3    Walker, P.L.4
  • 74
    • 36348948547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vagn Nielsen O. 1970. The Nubian skeleton through 4,000 years. Copenhagen: Andelsbogtrykkeriet i Odense.
    • Vagn Nielsen O. 1970. The Nubian skeleton through 4,000 years. Copenhagen: Andelsbogtrykkeriet i Odense.
  • 75
    • 0012721888 scopus 로고
    • Mortality and culture change in Nubia's Batn el Hajar
    • Van Gerven DP, Sandford MK, Hummert JR. 1981. Mortality and culture change in Nubia's Batn el Hajar. J Hum Evol 10:395-408.
    • (1981) J Hum Evol , vol.10 , pp. 395-408
    • Van Gerven, D.P.1    Sandford, M.K.2    Hummert, J.R.3
  • 76
    • 36349007036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural origins of the Egyptian Neolithic and Predynastic: An evaluation of the evidence from the Dakhleh oasis (South Central Egypt)
    • Warfe AR. 2003. Cultural origins of the Egyptian Neolithic and Predynastic: an evaluation of the evidence from the Dakhleh oasis (South Central Egypt). Afr Archaeol Rev 20:175-202.
    • (2003) Afr Archaeol Rev , vol.20 , pp. 175-202
    • Warfe, A.R.1
  • 81
    • 0038460079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in ancient Egyptian stature and body proportions
    • Zakrzewski SR. 2003. Variation in ancient Egyptian stature and body proportions. Am J Phys Anthropol 121:219-299.
    • (2003) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.121 , pp. 219-299
    • Zakrzewski, S.R.1
  • 82
    • 36348989061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human skeletal diversity in the Egyptian Nile valley
    • Chlodnicki M, Kobusiewicz M, Kroeper K, editors, Poznan: Poznan Archaeological Museum Press
    • Zakrzewski SR. 2006. Human skeletal diversity in the Egyptian Nile valley. In: Chlodnicki M, Kobusiewicz M, Kroeper K, editors. Archaeology of early Northeastern Africa. Poznan: Poznan Archaeological Museum Press.
    • (2006) Archaeology of early Northeastern Africa
    • Zakrzewski, S.R.1
  • 83
    • 33947539529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population continuity or population change: Formation of the ancient Egyptian state
    • Zakrzewski SR. 2007. Population continuity or population change: formation of the ancient Egyptian state. Am J Phys Anthropol 132:501-509.
    • (2007) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.132 , pp. 501-509
    • Zakrzewski, S.R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.