Endocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas: Grading, tumor size and proliferation index do not predict malignant behavior

Diagnostic Pathology

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2007, Pages

  Alexiev, Borislav A ^a   Drachenberg, Cinthia B ^a   Papadimitriou, John C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 36048960745     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17461596     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-2-28     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Karzinoide Tumoren des Dunndarms. S Oberndorfer, Frankf Z Pathol 1907 1 426 432
2. The classification of carcinoid tumours. ED Williams M Sandler, Lancet 1963 1 238 239 10.1016/S0140-6736(63)90951-6 14000847
3. Siegfried Oberndorfer: Origins and perspectives of carcinoid tumors. IM Modlin MD Shapiro M Kidd, Hum Pathol 2004 35 1440 1451 10.1016/j.humpath.2004. 09.018 15619202
4. Carcinoid tumors of the gut. JF Sweeney AS Rosemurgy, Cancer Control J 1997 4 1 9
5. The gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cell system and its tumors. The WHO classification. G Kloppel A Perren PU Heitz, Ann NY Acad Sci 2004 1014 13 27 10.1196/annals.1294.002 15153416
6. Highlights of the biology of endocrine tumours of the gut and pancreas. G Rindi C Bordi, Endocrine-Related Cancer 2003 10 427 436 10.1677/erc.0.0100427 14713255
7. Endocrine tumors of the gut and pancreas. Tumor biology and classification. G Rindi G Kloppel, Neuroendocrinology 2004 80 Suppl 1 12 15 10.1159/000080733 15477709
8. The spectrum of neuroendocrine differentiation among gastrointestinal carcinoids. Importance of histologic grading, MIB-1, p53, and bcl-2 immunoreactivity. TN Moyana J Xiang A Senthilselvan A Kulaga, Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000 124 570 576 10747315
9. Classification of low-grade neuroendocrine tumors of midgut and unknown origin. S Van Eden PFHJ Quaedvlieg BG Taal GJA Offerhaus CBHW Lamers M-LF van Velthuysen, Hum Pathol 2002 33 1126 1132 10.1053/hupa.2002.129204 12454818
10. Carcinoid of the ampulla of Vater. M Hartel MN Wente B Sido H Friess MW Buchler, J Gastroenterol & Hepatol 2005 20 676 681 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005. 03744.x 15853978
11. Pathological assessment of pancreatic endocrine tumors for metastatic potential and clinical prognosis. N Ohike T Morohoshi, Endocr Pathol 2005 16 33 40 10.1385/EP:16:1:033 16000844
12. Typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor overdiagnosed as small-cell carcinoma on biopsy specimen: a major pitfall in the management of lung cancer patients. G Pelosi J Rodriguez G Viale J Rosai, Am J Surg Pathol 2005 29 179 187 10.1097/01.pas.0000149690.75462.29 15644774
13. Prognostic indicators for carcinoid neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. O Rorstad, J Surg Oncol 2005 89 151 160 10.1002/jso.20179 15719376
14. Gastric carcinoids: biologic behavior and prognosis after differentiated treatment in relation to type. K Borch B Ahren H Ahlman S Falkmer G Granerus L Grimelius, Ann Surg 2005 242 64 73 15973103 10.1097/01.sla.0000167862.52309.7d
15. Ki-67 immunoreactivity in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms in specimens with extensive crush artifact. DL Asian HE Gulbahce SE Pambuccian JC Manivel J Jessurun, Am J Clin Pathol 2005 123 874 878 10.1309/QYV0-5VGE-GKUL-2RTT 15899778
16. The significance of CD44 expression in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Ch Lai YS Shan ED Sy YH Hsieh HW Tsai JC Lee PW Lin, Hepato-Gastroenterology 2005 52 1071 1076 16001632
17. Molecular markers for reinforcement of histologic subclassification of neuroendocrine lung tumors. Y Kobayashi Y Tokuchi T Hashimoto M Hayashi H Nishimura Y Ishikawa K Nakagawa Y Sato A Takahashi E Tsuchiya, Cancer Science 2004 95 334 341 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03212.x 15072592
18. Immunohistochemical prognostic indicators of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumours. M Kawahara M Kammori H Kanauchi C Noguchi S Kuramoto M Kaminishi H Endo K Takubo, Eur J Surg Oncol 2002 28 140 146 10.1053/ejso.2001.1229 11884049
19. Importance of proliferation markers in gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors: a clinicopathologic study. C Sokmensuer G Gedikoglu B Uzunalimoglu, Hepato-Gastroenterology 2001 48 720 723 11462912
20. Different patterns of chromogranin A and Leu-7 (CD57) expression in gastrointestinal carcinoids: immunohistochemical and confocal laser scanning microscopy study. T Jirasek P Hozak V Mandys, Neoplasma 2003 50 1 7 12687271
21. Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors: factors that predict outcome. JJ Van Gompel RS Sippel TF Warner H Chen, World J Surg 2004 28 387 392 10.1007/s00268-003-7019-3 14994141
22. Proliferative activity in pancreatic endocrine tumors: association with function, metastases, and survival. MR Clarke EE Baker RJ Weyant L Hill SE Carty, Endocr Pathol 1997 8 181 187 12114721
23. Low nuclear proliferative activity is associated with nonmetastatic islet cell tumors. M Jorda Z Ghorab G Fernandez M Nassiri A Hanly M Nadji, Arch Pathol Lab Med 2003 127 196 199 12562234
24. Prognostic factors in pancreatic endocrine neoplasms: An analysis of 136 cases with a proposal for low-grade and intermediate-grade groups. SN Hochwald S Zee KC Conlon R Colleoni O Louie MF Brennan DS Klimstra, J Clin Oncol 2002 20 2633 2642 10.1200/JCO.2002.10.030 12039924
25. Early-stage carcinoids of the gastrointestinal tract: an analysis of 1914 reported cases. J Soga, Cancer 2005 103 1587 1595 10.1002/cncr.20939 15742328
26. Nuclear survivin is a powerful novel prognostic marker in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor disease. P Grabowski S Griss CN Arnold D Horsch R Goke R Arnold B Heine H Stein M Zeitz H Scherubl, Neuroendocrinology 2005 81 1 9 10.1159/000084892 15809513
27. Valosin-containing protein (p97) and Ki-67 expression is a useful marker in detecting malignant behavior of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms. S Yamamoto Y Tomita S Nakamori Y Hoshida N Iizuka J Okami H Nagano K Dono K Umeshita M Sakon O Ishikawa H Ohigashi K Aozasa M Monden, Oncology 2004 66 468 475 10.1159/000079501 15452376
28. Risk of second cancers in patients with colorectal carcinoids. DS Tichansky B Cagir E Borrazzo A Topham J Palazzo EJ Weaver A Lange RD Fry, Dis Colon Rectum 2002 45 91 97 10.1007/s10350-004-6119-y 11786770
29. The incidence, management, and outcome of patients with gastrointestinal carcinoids and second primary malignancies. JT Gerstle GL Kauffman Jr WA Koltun, J Am Coll Surg 1995 180 427 432 7719546
30. Familial carcinoid tumors and subsequent cancers: A nation-wide epidemiologic study from Sweden. K Hemminki X Li, Int J Cancer 2001 94 444 448 10.1002/ijc.1473 11745428