High-efficiency and high-contrast phosphorescent top-emitting organic light-emitting devices with p-type Si anodes

Optics Express

Volumn 15, Issue 22, 2007, Pages 14644-14649

  Chen, S M ^a   Yuan, Y B ^a   Lian, J R ^a   Zhou, X ^a  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANODES; CATHODES; ELECTRONS; OPTICAL RADAR;

CONVENTIONAL BOTTOM-EMITTING; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENT MATERIAL;

PHOSPHORESCENCE;

EID: 35948945030     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.014644     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, "Organic electroluminescent diodes," Appl, Phys. Lett. 51, 913-915 (1987),
2. D. R. Baigent, R. N. Marks, N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, and A. B. Holmes, "Conjugated polymer light-emitting diodes on silicon substrates," Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2636-2638 (1994).
3. V. Bulovic, P. Tian, P. E. Burrows, M. R. Gokhale, S. R. Forrest, and M. E. Thompson, "A surface-emitting vacuum-deposited organic light emitting device," Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2954-2956 (1997).
4. I. D. Parker and H. H. Kim, "Fabrication of polymer light-emitting diodes using doped silicon electrodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 1774-1776 (1994).
5. X. Zhou, J. He, L. S. Liao, M. Lu, Z. H. Xiong, X. M. Ding, X. Y. Hou, F. G. Tao, C. E. Zhou, and S. T. Lee, "Enhanced hole injection in a bilayer vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting device using a p-type doped silicon anode," Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 609-611 (1999).
6. G. L. Ma, G. Z. Ran, A. G. Xu, Y. H. Xu, Y. P. Qiao, W. X. Chen, L. Dai, and G. G. Qin, "Improving charge-injection balance and cathode transmittance of top-emitting organic light-emitting device with p-type silicon anode," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 081106 (2005).
7. C. J. Yang, C. L. Lin, C. C. Wu, Y. H. Yeh, C. C. Cheng, Y. H. Kuo, and T. H. Chen, "High-contrast top-emitting organic light-emitting devices for active-matrix displays," Appl. Phys.Lett. 87, 143507 (2005).
8. A. N. Krasnov, "High-contrast organic light-emitting diodes on flexible subtrate,"Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3853-3855 (2002).
9. Z. Y. Xie and L. S. Hung, "High-contrast organic light-emitting diodes,"Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1207-1209 (2004).
10. Y. C. Zhou, L. L. Ma, J. Zhou, X. D. Gao, H. R. Wu, X. M. Ding, and X. Y. Hou, "High contrast organic light-emitting devices with improved electrical characteristics," Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 233505 (2006).
11. Z. X. Wu, L. D. Wang, and Y. Qiu, "Contrast-enhancement in organic light-emitting diodes,"Optics Express 13, 1406-1411 (2005), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-5-1406.
12. K. C. Lau, W. F. Xie, H. Y. Sun, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Contrast improvement of organic light-emitting devices with Sm:Ag cathode," Appl. Phys.Lett. 88, 083507 (2006).
13. J. H. Lee, X. Y. Zhu, Y. H. Lin, W. K. Choi, T. C. Lin, S. C. Hsu, H. Y. Lin, and S. T. Wu, "High ambient-contrast-ratio display using tandem reflective liquid crystal display and organic light-emitting device," Optics Express 13, 9431-9438 (2005), http://www.opticscxpress.org/ abstract,cfm?URI=OPEX-13-23-9431.
14. S. Tokito. K. Noda, and Y. Taga, "Metal oxides as a hole injecting layer for an organic electroluminescent device," J. Phys. D 29, 2750-2753 (1996).
15. T. Hasegawa, S. Miura, T. Moriyama, T. Kimura, I. Takaya, Y. Osato, and H. Mizutani, "Novel Electron-Injection Layers for Top-Emission OLEDs," SID Int. Symp. Digest Tech. Papers 35, 154-157 (2004).
16. L. S. Hung, C. W. Tang, M. G. Mason, P. Raychaudhuri, and J. Madathil, "Application of an ultrathin LiF/Al. bilayer in organic surface-emitting diodes,"Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 544-546 (2001).
17. M. A. Baldo, S. Lamansky, P. E. Burrows, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, "Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence," Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 4-6 (1999).
18. H. Riel, S. Karg, T. Beierlein, B. Ruhstaller, and W. Rieß, "Phosphorescent top-emitting organic light-emitting devices with improved light outcoupling," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 466-468 (2003).
19. 3 interlayer," J. Lumin. 122-123, 660-662 (2007).
20. X. Zhou, M. Pfeiffer, J. Blochwitz, W. Werner, A. Nollau, T. Fritz, and K. Leo, "Very-low-operating-voltage organic light-emitting diodes using a p-doped amorphous hole injection layer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 410-412 (2001).