Extended VAIC model: Measuring intellectual capital components

Journal of Intellectual Capital

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 595-609

  Nazari, Jamal A ^a   Herremans, Irene M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Financial performance; Intellectual capital; Market value

Indexed keywords

EID: 35649006816     PISSN: 14691930     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/14691930710830774     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Andriessen, D. (2004), Making Sense of Intellectual Capital: Designing a Method for the Valuation of Intangibles, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington, MA.
2. Armstrong, A. and Foley, P. (2003), "Foundations for a learning organization: Organization learning mechanisms", The Learning Organization: An International Journal, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 74-82.
3. Becker, G.S. (1964), Human Capital, National Bureau of Economic Research, distributed by Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
4. Boisot, M. (2002), "The creation and sharing of knowledge", in Choo, C.W. and Bontis, N. (Eds), The Strategic Managment of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Learning, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
5. Bollen, L., Vergauwen, P. and Schnieders, S. (2005), "Linking intellectual capital and intellectual property to company performance", Management Decision, Vol. 43 No. 9, pp. 1161-85.
6. Bontis, N. (1996), "There's a price on your head: Managing intellectual capital strategically", Business Quarterly, Vol. 60 No. 4, pp. 40-7.
7. Bontis, N. (1998), "Intellectual capital: An exploratory study that develops measures and models", Management Decision, Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 63-76.
8. Bontis, N. (1999), "Managing organisational knowledge by diagnosing intellectual capital: Framing and advancing the state of the field", International of Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 433-62.
9. Bontis, N. (2001), "Assessing knowledge assets: A review of the models used to measure intellectual capital", International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 41-60.
10. Bontis, N. (2004), "National intellectual capital index: A United Nations initiative for the Arab region", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 13-39.
11. Bontis, N. and Fitz-enz, J. (2002), "Intellectual capital ROI: A causal map of human capital antecedents and consequents", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 223-47.
12. Bontis, N., Chua, W. and Richardson, S. (2000), "Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 85-100.
13. Bontis, N., Crossan, M.M. and Hulland, J. (2002), "Managing an organizational learning system by aligning stocks and flows", Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 39 No. 4, pp. 437-69.
14. Bornemann, M. (1999), "Potential of value systems according to the VAIC™ method", International of Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18 Nos 5-8, pp. 463-75.
15. Bosworth, D. and Rogers, M. (2001), "Market value, R&D and intellectual property: An empirical analysis of large Australian firms", Economic Record, Vol. 77 No. 239, pp. 323-37.
16. Bushman, R.M., Indjejikian, R.J. and Smith, A. (1995), "Aggregate performance measures in business unit manager compensation: The role of intrafirm interdependencies", Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 33, pp. 101-28.
17. Campbell, D.J. (2000), "Legitimacy theory or managerial reality construction? Corporate social disclosure in Marks & Spencer plc corporate reports, 1969-1997", Accounting Forum, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 80-100.
18. Chen, J., Zhu, Z. and Xie, H.Y. (2004), "Measuring intellectual capital: A new model and empirical study", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5, pp. 195-212.
19. Chen, M.C., Cheng, S.J. and Hwang, Y. (2005), "An empirical investigation of the relationship between intellectual capital and firms' market value and financial performance", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 159-76.
20. Dewhurst, F.W. and Navarro, J.G.C. (2004), "External communities of practice and relational capital", The Learning Organization: An International Journal, Vol. 11 Nos 4/5, pp. 322-31.
21. Dowling, J. and Pfeffer, J. (1975), "Organizational legitimacy: social values and organizational behavior", Pacific Sociological Review, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 122-36.
22. Drucker, P.F.(1993), Post-Capitalist Society, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
23. Dzinkowski, R. (2000), "The measurement and management of intellectual capital: An introduction", Management Accounting, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 32-6.
24. Edvinsson, L. and Malone, M.S. (1997), Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company's True Value by Finding its Hidden Brainpower, HarperBusiness, New York, NY.
25. Edvinsson, L. and Sullivan, P. (1996), "Developing a model for management intellectual capital", European Management Journal, Vol. 14 No. 4, pp. 187-99.
26. Firer, S. and Williams, S.M. (2003), "Intellectual capital and traditional measures of corporate performance", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 4 No. 3, pp. 348-60.
27. Freeman, R.E. (1984), Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach, Pitman, Boston, MA.
28. Freeman, R.E. and McVea, J. (2002), A Stakeholder Approach to Strategic Management, Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
29. Guthrie, J., Petty, R., Yongvanich, K. and Ricceri, F. (2004), "Using content analysis as a research method to inquire into intellectual capital reporting", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 282-93.
30. Ittner, C.D., Larcker, D.F. and Meyer, M.W. (2003), "Subjectivity and the weighting of performance measures: Evidence from a balanced scorecard", The Accounting Review, Vol. 78 No. 3, pp. 725-58.
31. Johnson, H.T. and Kaplan, R.S. (1987), Relevance Lost: The Rise and Fall of Management Accounting, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
32. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (1992), "The Balanced Scorecard - measures that drive performance", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 70 No. 1, pp. 71-9.
33. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (1996), The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
34. Kaufmann, L. and Schneider, Y. (2004), "Intangibles: A synthesis of current research", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 366-88.
35. Klein, D.A. (1998), The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital, Butterworth-Heinemann, Woburn, MA.
36. Kohli, A.K. and Jaworski, B.J. (1990), "Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54 No. 2, pp. 1-18.
37. Luthy, D.H. (1998), "Intellectual capital and its measurement", paper presented at the Asian Pacific Interdisciplinary Research in Accounting (APIRA) Conference, Osaka, available at: www3.bus.osaka-cu.ac.jp/apira98/archives/htmls/25.htm.
38. McGregor, J., Tweed, D. and Pech, R. (20040), "Human capital in the new economy: Devil's bargain?", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 153-64.
39. M'Pherson, P.K. and Pike, S. (2001), "Accounting, empirical measurement and intellectual capital", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 246-60.
40. Marr, B., Gray, D. and Neely, A. (2003), "Why do firms measure their intellectual capital?", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 441-64.
41. Marti, J.M.V. (2001), "ICBS - intellectual capital benchmarking system", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 148-65.
42. Mouritsen, J. (2004), "Measuring and intervening: How do we theorise intellectual capital management?", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 257-67.
43. Ordonez de Pablos, P. (2004), "Measuring and reporting structural capital: Lessons from European learning firms", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 629-47.
44. Pike, S. and Roos, G. (2004), "Mathematics and modern business management", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 243-56.
45. Pike, S., Rylander, A. and Roos, G. (2001) "Intellectual capital management and disclosure", paper presented at the 4th World Congress on Intellectual Capital, McMaster University, Hamilton.
46. Pulic, A. (1998), "Measuring the performance of intellectual potential in knowledge economy", paper presented at the 2nd World Congress on Measuring and Managing Intellectual Capital, McMaster University, Hamilton.
47. Pulic, A. (2000), "VAIC™ - an accounting tool for IC management", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 20 Nos 5-8, pp. 702-14.
48. Pulic, A. (2004), "Intellectual capital - does it create or destroy value?", Measuring Business Excellence, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 62-8.
49. Roos, J., Roos, G., Dragonetti, N.C. and Edvinsson, L. (1998), Intellectual Capital: Navigating in the New Business Landscape, New York University Press, New York, NY.
50. Saint-Onge, H. (1996), "Tacit knowledge: The key to the strategic alignment of intellectual capital", Strategy & Leadership, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 10-14.
51. Schneider, U. (1998), "The Austrian approach to the measurement of intellectual potential", available at: http://users.austro.net/ measuring-ip/OPapers/Schneider/Canada/heoreticalframework.html.
52. Senge, P.M. (1992), The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, Century Business, London.
53. Serenko, A. and Bontis, N. (2004), "Meta-review of knowledge management and intellectual capital literature: Citation impact and research productivity rankings", Knowledge and Process Management, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 18-98.
54. Stewart, T.A. (1991), "Brainpower: Intellectual capital is becoming corporate America's most valuable asset and can be its sharpest competitive weapon; the challenge is to find what you have - and use it", Fortune, Vol. 123 No. 11, pp. 44-60.
55. Stewart, T.A. (1997), Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations, Doubleday, New York, NY.
56. Sveiby, K.E. (1997), The New Organizational Wealth: Managing and Measuring Knowledge-Based Assets, Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco, CA.
57. Sveiby, K.E. (2007), "Methods for measuring intangible assets", available at: www.sveiby.com/Portals/0/articles/ IntangibleMethods.htm.
58. Teece, D.J., Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. (1997), "Dynamic capabilities and strategic management", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 18 No. 7, pp. 509-33.
59. Walsh, J.P. and Ungson, G.R. (1991), "Organizational memory", The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 57-91.
60. Williams, S.M. (2001), "Are intellectual capital performance and disclosure practices related?", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 192-203.