Southeast Asian pressure surges and significant events of atmospheric mass loss from the Northern Hemisphere, and a case study analysis

Journal of Climate

Volumn 20, Issue 18, 2007, Pages 4678-4701

  Carrera, Marco L ^a,b   Gyakum, John R ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; PRESSURE GRADIENT; STORMS; TROPICS; WIND;

ANTICYCLONIC CIRCULATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC MASS DEPLETION; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE (NH); SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE (SH);

CLIMATOLOGY;

AIR MASS; ANTICYCLONE; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; PRESSURE; SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY; WESTERLY; WIND;

ASIA; EURASIA; SOUTHEAST ASIA;

EID: 35448932036     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI4266.1     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Annamalai, H., J. M. Slingo, K. R. Sperber, and K. Hodges, 1999: The mean evolution and variability of the Asian summer monsoon: Comparison of ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1157-1186.
2. Arkin, P. A., and P. E. Ardanuy, 1989: Estimating climatic-scale precipitation from space: A review. J. Climate, 2, 1229-1238.
3. Berbery, E. H., and J. Nogués-Peagle, 1993: Intraseasonal interactions between the Tropics and extratropics in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1950-1965.
4. Bosart, L. F., and G. M. Lackmann, 1995: Postlandfall tropical cyclone reintensification in a weakly baroclinic environment: A case study of Hurricane David (September 1979). Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3268-3291.
5. Carrera, M. L., and J. R. Gyakum, 2003: Significant events of interhemispheric atmospheric mass exchange: Composite structure and evolution. J. Climate, 16, 4061-4078.
6. Chang, C.-P., and K. M. Lau, 1980: Northeasterly cold surges and near-equatorial disturbances over the winter MONEX area during December 1974. Part II: Planetary-scale aspects. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 298-312.
7. Chang, C.-P., and K. G. Lum, 1985: Tropical-midlatitude interactions over Asia and the western Pacific Ocean during the 1983/84 northern winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1345-1358.
8. Chen, T.-C., 1985: Global water vapor flux and maintenance during FGGE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1801-1819.
9. Chen, T.-C., M.-C. Yen, and H. van Loon, 1989: The effect of the divergent circulation on some aspects of the 1978/79 Southern Hemisphere monsoon. J. Climate, 2, 1270-1288.
10. Chen, T.-C., J.-M. Chen, S. Schubert, and L. L. Takacs, 1997: Seasonal variation of global surface pressure and water vapor. Tellus, 49A, 613-621.
11. Chu, P.-S., and S.-U. Park, 1984: Regional circulation characteristics associated with a cold surge event over East Asia during winter MONEX. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 955-965.
12. Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 1995: The structure and evolution of cold surges east of the Rocky Mountains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2577-2610.
13. Colucci, S. J., and J. C. Davenport, 1987: Rapid surface anticyclogenesis: Synoptic climatology and attendant large-scale circulation changes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 822-836.
14. Colucci, S. J., A. Z. Loesch, and L. F. Bosart, 1981: Spectral evolution of a blocking episode and comparison with wave interaction theory. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2092-2111.
15. Compo, G. P., G. N. Kiladis, and P. J. Webster, 1999: The horizontal and vertical structure of East Asian winter monsoon pressure surges. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 125, 29-54.
16. Dallavalle, J. P., and L. F. Bosart, 1975: A synoptic investigation of anticyclogenesis accompanying North American polar air outbreaks. Mon. Wea. Rev., 103, 941-957.
17. Davidson, N. E., J. L. Mcbride, and B. J. McAvaney, 1984: Divergent circulations during the onset of the 1978-79 Australian monsoon. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1684-1696.
18. Drosdowsky, W., 1996: Variability of the Australian summer monsoon at Darwin: 1957-1992. J. Climate, 9, 85-96.
19. Garreaud, R. D., 2001: Subtropical cold surges: Regional aspects and global distribution. J. Climatol., 21, 1181-1197.
20. Gibson, J. K., P. Kållberg, S. Uppala, A. Hernandez, A. Nomura, and E. Serrano, 1997: ECMWF Re-Analysis Project Report Series 1, 72 pp. [Available from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading RG29AX, United Kingdom.]
21. Holton, J. R., 1992: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology. 3d ed. Academic Press, 511 pp.
22. Hoskins, B. J., M. E. McIntyre, and A. W. Robertson, 1985: On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 111, 877-946.
23. Hurrell, J. W., and D. G. Vincent, 1990: Relationship between tropical heating and subtropical westerly maxima in the Southern Hemisphere during SOP-1, FGGE. J. Climate, 3, 751-768.
24. Johnson, D. R., M. Yanai, and T. L. Schaack, 1987: Global and regional distributions of atmospheric heat sources and sinks during GWE. Monsoon Meteorology, C.-P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Eds., Oxford University Press, 271-297.
25. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
26. Keith, R. P., W. Bate, B. K. Cheang, and P. Sankaran, 1991: The tropical circulation in the Australian/Asian region November 1988 to April 1989. Aust. Meteor. Mag., 39, 37-46.
27. Kiladis, G. N., 1998: Observations of Rossby waves linked to convection over the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 321-339.
28. Kiladis, G. N., and K. M. Weickmann, 1992: Circulation anomalies associated with tropical convection during northern winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1900-1923.
29. Kiladis, G. N., G. A. Meehl, and K. M. Weickmann, 1994: Large-scale circulation associated with westerly wind bursts and deep convection over the western equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18 527-18 544.
30. Knutson, T. R., and K. M. Weickmann, 1987: 30-60 day atmospheric oscillations: Composite life cycles of convection and circulation anomalies. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1407-1436.
31. Lau, K.-M., C.-P. Chang, and P. H. Chan, 1983: Short-term planetary-scale interactions over the Tropics and midlatitudes. Part II: Winter-MONEX period. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1372-1388.
32. Liebmann, B., and C. A. Smith, 1996: Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 1275-1277.
33. Lim, H.-S., and C.-H. Ho, 2000: Comparison of tropical rainfall between the observed GPCP data and the assimilation products of ECMWF, NCEP/ NCAR, and NASA-GEOS-1. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 662-672.
34. Love, G., 1985a: Cross-equatorial influence of winter hemisphere cold surges. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1487-1498.
35. Love, G., 1985b: Cross-equatorial interactions during tropical cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1499-1509.
36. Matthews, A. J., B. J. Hoskins, J. M. Slingo, and M. Blackburn, 1996: Development of convection along the SPCZ with a Madden-Julian oscillation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 122, 669-688.
37. Meehl, G. A., G. N. Kiladis, K. M. Weickmann, M. Wheeler, D. S. Gutzler, and G. P. Compo, 1996: Modulation of equatorial subseasonal convective episodes by tropical-extratropical interaction in the Indian and Pacific Ocean regions. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 15 033-15 049.
38. Mills, G. A., and S. Zhao, 1991: A study of a monsoon depression bringing record rainfall over Australia. Part I: Numerical predictability experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2053-2073.
39. Morgan, M. C., and J. W. Nielsen-Gammon, 1998: Using tropopause maps to diagnose midlatitude weather systems. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2555-2579.
40. Murakami, T., and A. Sumi, 1982: Southern Hemisphere summer monsoon circulation during 1978-79 WMONEX Part I: Monthly mean wind fields. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 60, 638-648.
41. Newell, R. E., Y. Zhu, E. V. Browell, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, 1996: Walker circulation and tropical upper tropospheric water vapor. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1961-1974.
42. Newman, M., P. D. Sardeshmukh, and J. W. Bergman, 2000: An assessment of the NCEP, NASA, and ECMWF reanalyses over the tropical west Pacific warm pool. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 41-48.
43. Renwick, J. A., and M. J. Revell, 1999: Blocking over the South Pacific and Rossby wave propagation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2233-2247.
44. Schultz, D. M., W. E. Bracken, and L. F. Bosart, 1998: Planetary-and synoptic-scale signatures associated with Central American cold surges. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 5-27.
45. Slingo, J. M., 1998: Extratropical forcing of tropical convection in a northern winter simulation with the UGAMP GCM. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124, 27-51.
46. Suppiah, R., and X. Wu, 1998: Surges, cross-equatorial flows and their links with the Australian summer monsoon circulation and rainfall. Aust. Meteor. Mag., 47, 113-130.
47. Swartztrauber, P. N., and R. A. Sweet, 1975: Efficient FORTRAN subprograms for the solution of elliptic partial differential equations. Tech. Note TN/IA-109, 30 pp.
48. Trenberth, K. E., 1981: Seasonal variations in global sea level pressure and total mass of the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 5236-5246.
49. Trenberth, K. E., 1991: Climate diagnostics from global analyses: Conservation of mass in ECMWF analyses. J. Climate, 4, 707-722.
50. Trenberth, K. E., and C. J. Guillemot, 1995: Evaluation of the global atmospheric moisture budget as seen from analyses. J. Climate, 8, 2255-2272.
51. Trenberth, K. E., and C. J. Guillemot, 1998: Evaluation of the atmospheric moisture and hydrological cycle in the NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. Climate Dyn., 14, 213-231.
52. Trenberth, K. E., and L. Smith, 2005: The mass of the atmosphere: A constraint on global analyses. J. Climate, 18, 864-875.
53. Trenberth, K. E., J. R. Christy, and J. G. Olson, 1987: Global atmospheric mass, surface pressure, and water vapor variations. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 14 815-14 826.
54. Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000: The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation, J. Climate, 13, 3969-3993.
55. Tyrrell, G. C., D. J. Karoly, and J. L. McBride, 1996: Links between tropical convection and variations of the extratropical circulation during TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2735-2748.
56. Van den Dool, H., and S. Saha, 1993: Seasonal redistribution and conservation of atmospheric mass in a general circulation model. J. Climate, 6, 22-30.
57. Weickmann, K. M., and S. J. S. Khalsa, 1990: The shift of convection from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean during a 30-60 day oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 964-978.
58. Wheeler, M., G. N. Kiladis, and P. J. Webster, 2000: Large-scale dynamical fields associated with convectively coupled equatorial waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 613-640.
59. Williams, M., 1981: Interhemispheric interaction during Winter MONEX. Proc. Int. Conf. on Early Results of FGGE and Large-Scale Aspects of its Monsoon Experiment, Tallahassee, FL, World Meteorological Organization, 12-16.
60. Zhao, S., and G. A. Mills, 1991: A study of a monsoon depression bringing record rainfall over Australia. Part II: Synoptic-diagnostic description. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2074-2094.