Ecological effects of variable-retention harvests in the northwestern United States: The DEMO study

Forest Snow and Landscape Research

Volumn 78, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 119-137

  Aubry, Keith B ^a   Halpern, Charles B ^b   Maguire, Douglas A ^c  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aggregated retention; Biological diversity; Dispersed retention; Ecological responses; Forest structure; Silviculture; Variable retention harvest; Visual quality

Indexed keywords

ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; FOREST MANAGEMENT; HARVESTING; SILVICULTURE;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

ABIES; PSEUDOTSUGA; PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII;

EID: 3543078771     PISSN: 14245108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (40)

1. ABBOTT, R.S.; WHITE, J.D.; WOODARD, B.L., 1999: The benefits and challenges of large-scale silvicultural experiments: perspectives from forest managers on the Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options (DEMO) study. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 118-125.
2. AMARANTHUS, M.P., 1998: The importance and conservation of ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in forest ecosystems: lessons from Europe and the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-431: 15 pp.
3. ARNOTT, J.T.; BEESE, W.J., 1997: Alternatives to clearcutting in BC coastal montane forests. For. Chron. 73: 670-678.
4. AUBRY, K.B.; AMARANTHUS, M.P.; HALPERN, C.B.; WHITE, J.D.; WOODARD, B.L.; PETERSON, C.E.; LAGOUDAKIS, C.A.; HORTON, A.J., 1999: Experimental design of the DEMO study: evaluating the ecological and social effects of different levels and patterns of green-tree retention in harvest units. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 12-26.
5. BALDA, R.P., 1975: The relationship of secondary cavity nesters to snag densities in western coniferous forests. Albuquerque, NM, USA, USDA Forest Service, Technical Bulletin 1: 37 pp.
6. BERGERON, Y.; HARVEY, B., 1997: Basing silviculture on natural ecosystem dynamics: an approach applied to the southern boreal mixedwood forest of Quebec. For. Ecol. Manage. 92: 235-242.
7. BORMANN, B.T.; CUNNINGHAM, P.O.; BROOKES, M.H.; MANNING, V.W.; COLLOPY, M.W., 1994: Adaptive ecosystem management in the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-341. 22 pp.
8. BOYCE, M.S.; HANEY, A. (eds), 1997: Ecosystem management: applications for sustainable forest and wildlife resources. New Haven, CT, USA, Yale University Press. 361 pp.
9. CAREY, A.B.; THYSELL, D.R.; BRODIE, A.W, 1999: The Forest Ecosystem Study: background, rationale, implementation, baseline conditions, and silvicultural assessment. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-457. 129 pp.
10. CAZARES, E.; LUOMA, D.L.; AMARANTHUS, M.P.; CHAMBERS, C.L.; LEHMKUHL, J.F., 1999: Interaction of fungal sporocarp production with small mammal abundance and diet in Douglas-fir stands of the southern Cascade Range. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 64-76.
11. CHRISTENSEN, N.L.; BARTUSKA, A.M.; BROWN, J.H.; CARPENTER, S.; D'ANTONIO, C.; FRANCIS, R.; FRANKLIN, J.F.; MACMAHON, J.A.; NOSS, R.F.; PARSONS, D.J.; PETERSON, C.H.; TURNER, M.G.; WOODMANSEE, R.G., 1996: The report of the Ecological Society of America Committee on the Scientific Basis for Ecosystem Management. Ecol. Appl. 6: 665-691.
12. COATES, K.D.; BANNER, A.; STEVENTON, J.D.; LEPAGE, P.; BARTEMUCCI, P., 1997: The Date Creek silvicultural systems study in the interior cedar-hemlock forests of northwestern British Columbia: overview and treatment summaries. Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, Land Management Handbook 38, BC Ministry of Forests.
13. CORN, P.S.; BURY, R.B., 1990: Sampling methods for terrestrial amphibians and reptiles. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-256: 34 pp.
14. st Century: The Science of Ecosystem Management. Washington, DC, USA, Island Press. 111-139.
15. FRANKLIN, J.F.; CROMACK, JR., K.; DENISON, W.; MCKEE, A.; MASER, C.; SEDELL, J.; SWANSON, F.; JUDAY, G., 1981: Ecological characteristics of old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-118. 48 pp.
16. FRANKLIN, J.; DYRNESS, C.T., 1973: Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-8. 417 pp.
17. FRANKLIN, J.F.; NORRIS, L.A.; BERG, D.R.; SMITH, G.R., 1999: The history of an experiment in regeneration harvest of northwestern forest ecosystems. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 3-11.
18. FRANKLIN, J.F.; SPIES, T.A.; VAN PELT, R.; CAREY, A.B.; THORNBURGH, D.A.; BERG, D.R.; LINDENMAYER, D.B.; HARMON, M.E.; KEETON, W.S.; SHAW, D.C.; BIBLE, K.; CHEN, J., 2002: Disturbances and structural development of natural forest ecosystems with silvicultural implications, using Douglas-fir forests as an example. For. Ecol. Manage. 155: 399-423.
19. FRIES, C.; JOHANSSON, O.; PETTERSSON, B.; SIMONSSON, P., 1997: Silvicultural models to maintain and restore natural stand structures in Swedish boreal forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 94: 89-103.
20. HALPERN, C.B.; EVANS, S.A.; NELSON, C.R.; MCKENZIE, D.; LIGUORI, D.A.; HIBBS, D.E.; HALAJ, M.G., 1999: Response of forest vegetation to varying levels and patterns of green-tree retention: an overview of a long-term experiment. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 27-44.
21. HALPERN, C.B.; MCKENZIE, D., 2001: Disturbance and post-harvest ground conditions in a structural retention experiment. For. Ecol. Manage. 154: 215-225.
22. HALPERN, C.B.; MCKENZIE, D.; EVANS, S. A.; MAGUIRE, D. A.,: Early responses of forest understories to timber harvest with varying levels and patterns of green-tree retention. Ecol. Appl. In press.
23. HALPERN, C.B.; RAPHAEL, M.G. (eds) 1999: Retention harvests in northwestern forest ecosystems: the Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options (DEMO) Study. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 125 pp.
24. HARRINGTON, C.A.; CAREY, A.B., 1997: The Olympic Habitat Development Study: effects of thinning, manipulation of coarse woody debris and understory management on stand structure and composition of understory plants and forest-floor small mammals. Olympia, WA, USA, Unpublished study plan on file at USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 38 pp.
25. LEHMKUHL, J.F.; WEST, S.D.; CHAMBERS, C.L.; MCCOMB, W.C.; MANUWAL, D.A.; AUBRY, K.B.; ERICKSON, J.L.; GITZEN, R.A.; LEU, M., 1999: An experiment for assessing wildlife response to varying levels and patterns of green-tree retention. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 45-63.
26. LINDH, B.C.; MUIR, P.S., 2004: Understory vegetation in young Douglas-fir forests: does thinning help restore old-growth composition? For. Ecol. Manage. 192: 285-296.
27. MCKENZIE, D.; HALPERN, C.B.; NELSON, C.R., 2000: Overstory influences on herb and shrub communities in mature forests of western Washington, USA. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1655-1666.
28. MOORE, J.R.; MAGUIRE, D.A.; PHILLIPS, D.L.; HALPERN, C.B., 2002: Effects of varying levels and patterns of green-tree retention on amount of harvesting damage. Western J. Appl. For. 17: 202-206.
29. NELSON, C.R.; HALPERN, C.B.: Edge-related responses of understory plants to aggregated retention harvest in the Pacific Northwest. Ecol. Appl. In press.
30. PALIK, B.J.; MITCHELL, R.J.; HIERS, J.K., 2002: Modeling silviculture after natural disturbance to sustain biodiversity in the longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystem: balancing complexity and implementation. For. Ecol. Manage. 155: 347-356.
31. PETERSON, C.E.; MONSERUD, R.A., 2002: Compatibility between wood production and other values and uses on forested lands: a problem analysis. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-564. 51 pp.
32. PROGAR, R.D.; SCHOWALTER, T.D., 2002: Canopy arthropod assemblages along a precipitation and latitudinal gradient among Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Ecography 25: 129-138.
33. RIBE, R., 1999: Regeneration harvests versus clearcuts: public views of the acceptability and aesthetics of Northwest Forest Plan harvests. Northwest Sci. 73 (Special Issue): 102-117.
34. RUGGIERO, L.F.; AUBRY, K.B.; CAREY, A.B.; HUFF, M.H. (tech coords), 1991: Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Portland, OR, USA, USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285. 533 pp.
35. TAPPEINER, J.C., 1992: Managing stands for northern spotted owl habitat - Appendix F. In Volume II: Appendixes, Final Draft Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl. Portland, OR, USA, USDI Fish and Wildlife Service. 245-289.
36. THOMAS, J.W.; ANDERSON, R.G.; MASER, C.; BULL, E.L., 1979: Snags. In: THOMAS, J.W. (ed) Wildlife habitats in managed forests: the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington. Washington, DC, USA, USDA Forest Service, Agricultural Handbook 553: 60-77.
37. THOMAS, J.W.; FORSMAN, E.D.; LINT, J.B.; MESLOW, E.G.; NOON, B.R.; VERNER, J., 1990: A conservation strategy for the northern spotted owl: report of the Interagency Scientific Committee to Address the Conservation of the Northern Spotted Owl. Portland, OR, USA, USDA Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management, USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, and USDI National Park Service. 427 pp.
38. TUCHMANN, E.T.; CONNAUGHTON, K.P.; FREEDMAN, L.E.; MORIWAKI, C.B., 1996: The Northwest Forest Plan: a report to the President and Congress. Portland, OR, USA, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 253 pp.
39. USDA and USDI, 1994: Record of decision for amendments to Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management planning documents within the range of the northern spotted owl. Portland, OR, USA, USDA Forest Service, irregular pagination.
40. WALTERS, C., 1986: Adaptive management of renewable resources. New York, NY, USA, Macmillan Publishing Company. 374 pp.