Evidence for two types of bipolar depression using a dimensional approach

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

Volumn 76, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 325-331

  Henry, Chantal ^a,b   M'Baïlara, Katia ^a,b   Poinsot, Rollon ^c   Casteret, Anne Aurelie ^a   Sorbara, Frédéric ^d   Leboyer, Marion ^e,f   Vieta, Eduard ^g,h  

^a CENTRE HOSPITALIER CHARLES PERRENS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^c INSTITUT CURIE   (France)

^d Clinique des Orchidées   (France)

^e UNIVERSITÉ PARIS EST CRÉTEIL   (France)

^f INSERM   (France)

^g UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^h INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III   (Spain)

Author keywords

Bipolar depression; Dimensional approach, bipolar depression; Emotional reactivity; Phenotypes

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DEPRESSION; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; EMOTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MOOD; MOTIVATION; PERCEPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMOTOR ACTIVITY;

ADULT; AROUSAL; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DEPRESSION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; EUPHORIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); INTERVIEW, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMETRICS;

EID: 34948839958     PISSN: 00333190     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000107559     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Kraepelin E: Manic-Depressive Insanity and Paranoia. Edinburgh, Livingstone, 1921.
2. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Washington, American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
3. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR: Manic-Depressive Illness. New York, Oxford University Press, 1990.
4. Koukopoulos A, Koukopoulos AE: Agitated depression as a mixed state and the problem of melancholia. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1999;22:547-564.
5. Akiskal HS: Bipolar depression: focus on phenomenology. J Affect Disord 2005;84:105-106.
6. Benazzi F: Mixed states in bipolar II disorder: should full hypomania always be required? Psychiatry Res 2004;127:247-257.
7. Benazzi F, Akiskal HS: Psychometric delineation of the most discriminant symptoms of depressive mixed states. Psychiatry Res 2006;141:81-88.
8. Sato T, Bottlender R, Kleindienst N, Möller HJ: Irritable psychomotor elation in depressed inpatients: a factor validation of mixed depression. J Affect Disord 2005;84:187-196.
9. Biondi M, Picardi A, Pasquini M, Gaetano P, Pancheri P: Dimensional psychopathology of depression: detection of an 'activation' dimension in unipolar depressed outpatients. J Affect Disord 2005;84:133-139.
10. Benazzi F, Akiskal H: Irritable-hostile depression: further validation as a bipolar depressive mixed state. J Affect Disord 2005;84:197-207.
11. Akiskal HS: The dark side of bipolarity: detecting bipolar depression in its pleomorphic expressions. J Affect Disord 2005;84:107-115.
12. Bauer MS, Whybrow PC, Gyulai L, Gonnel J, Yeh HS: Testing definitions of dysphoric mania and hypomania: prevalence, clinical characteristics and inter-episode stability. J Affect Disord 1994;32:201-211.
13. McElroy SL, Keck PE Jr, Pope HG Jr, Hudson JF, Faedda GL, Swann AC: Clinical and research implications of the diagnosis of dysphoric or mixed mania or hypomania. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149:1633-1644.
14. McElroy SL, Strakowski SM, Keck PE Jr, Tugrul KL, West SA, Lonczak HS: Differences and similarities in mixed and pure mania. Compr Psychiatry 1995;36:187-194.
15. Henry C, M'Bailara K, Poinsot R, Falissard B: Construction et validation d'une échelle dimensionnelle de l'humeur: la MAThyS (Multidimensional Assessment of Thymic States). Encéphale, in press.
16. Henry C, Swendsen J, Van den Bulke D, Sorbara F, Leboyer M: Emotional hyperreactivity as the fundamental mood characteristic of manic and mixed states. Eur Psychiatry 2003;18:124-128.
17. Nurnberger JI Jr, Blehar MC, Kaufmann CA, Yok-Cooler C, Simpson SG, Harkavy-Friedman J, Severe JB, Malaspina D, Reich T: Diagnostic interview for genetics studies: rationale, unique features, and training. NIMH Genetics Initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:849-859; discussion 863-864.
18. Montgomery S, Åsberg A: A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry 1979;134:382-389.
19. Bech P, Rafaelsen OJ, Kramp P, Bolwig TG: The Mania Rating Scale: scale construction and inter-observer agreement. Neuropharmacology 1978;17:430-431.
20. Benazzi F: Depression with racing thoughts. Psychiatry Res 2003;120:273-282.
21. Benazzi F, Koukopoulos A, Akiskal HS: Toward a validation of a new definition of agitated depression as a bipolar mixed state (mixed depression). Eur Psychiatry 2004;19:85-90.
22. Akiskal HS, Benazzi F, Perugi G, Rihmer Z: Agitated 'unipolar' depression re-conceptualized as a depressive mixed state: implications for the antidepressant-suicide controversy. J Affect Disord 2005;85:245-258.
23. Koukopoulos A, Alberti MJ, Sani G, Koukopoulos AE, Girardi P: Mixed depressive states: nosologic and therapeutic issues. Int Rev Psychiatry 2005;17:21-37.
24. Dilsaver SC, Benazzi F, Akiskal HS: Mixed states: the most common outpatient presentation of bipolar depressed adolescents? Psychopathology 2005;38:268-272.
25. Benazzi F: Suicidal ideation and depressive mixed states. Psychother Psychosom 2005;74:61-62.
26. Hasler G, Drevets WC, Manji HK, Charney DS: Discovering endophenotypes for major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004;29:1765-1781.
27. Henry C, Van den Bulke D, Demazeau N, Demotes-Mainard J: Why are some depressions worsened by antidepressants? Bipolar Disord 2003;5:24.
28. Fava M, Rush AJ: Current status of augmentation and combination treatments for major depressive disorder: a literature review and a proposal for a novel approach to improve practice. Psychother Psychosom 2006;75:139-153.
29. Brugue E, Vieta E: Atypical antipsychotics in bipolar depression: neurobiological basis and clinical implications. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007;31:275-282.
30. Yatham LN, Goldstein JM, Vieta E, Bowden CL, Grunze H, Post RM, Suppes T, Calabrese JR: Atypical antipsychotics in bipolar depression: potential mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(Suppl 5):40-48.
31. Vieta E: Bipolar mixed states and their treatment. Expert Rev Neurother 2005;5:63-68.
32. Vieta E: Case for caution, case for action. Bipolar Disord 2003;5:434-435.