메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 114, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1884-1892

Retinal Vessel Caliber and Microvascular and Macrovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes. XXI: The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL EXAMINATION; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; KIDNEY DISEASE; LIMB AMPUTATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NEUROPATHY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STROKE;

EID: 34748903665     PISSN: 01616420     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.02.023     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (162)

References (90)
  • 2
    • 0036018621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural and morphometric comparison of retinal and myocardial capillaries following acute ischaemia
    • Lawrenson J.G., Glyn M.C., and Ward B.J. Ultrastructural and morphometric comparison of retinal and myocardial capillaries following acute ischaemia. Microvasc Res 64 (2002) 65-74
    • (2002) Microvasc Res , vol.64 , pp. 65-74
    • Lawrenson, J.G.1    Glyn, M.C.2    Ward, B.J.3
  • 3
    • 0013989959 scopus 로고
    • Retinal arteriolosclerosis in age, essential hypertension, and diabetes mellitus
    • Wendland J.P. Retinal arteriolosclerosis in age, essential hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 64 (1966) 735-761
    • (1966) Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc , vol.64 , pp. 735-761
    • Wendland, J.P.1
  • 5
    • 0003014479 scopus 로고
    • Hypertensive retinopathy, choroidopathy, and optic neuropathy: a clinical and pathophysiological approach to classification
    • Singerman L.J., and Jampol L.M. (Eds), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
    • Tso M.O., Abrams G.W., and Jampol L.M. Hypertensive retinopathy, choroidopathy, and optic neuropathy: a clinical and pathophysiological approach to classification. In: Singerman L.J., and Jampol L.M. (Eds). Retinal and Choroidal Manifestations of Systemic Disease (1991), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 79-127
    • (1991) Retinal and Choroidal Manifestations of Systemic Disease , pp. 79-127
    • Tso, M.O.1    Abrams, G.W.2    Jampol, L.M.3
  • 6
    • 0019906496 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of hypertensive retinopathy
    • Tso M.O., and Jampol L.M. Pathophysiology of hypertensive retinopathy. Ophthalmology 89 (1982) 1132-1145
    • (1982) Ophthalmology , vol.89 , pp. 1132-1145
    • Tso, M.O.1    Jampol, L.M.2
  • 8
    • 0016806331 scopus 로고
    • Pathological studies on the intracerebral and retinal arteries in cerebrovascular and noncerebrovascular diseases
    • Goto I., Katsuki S., Ikui H., et al. Pathological studies on the intracerebral and retinal arteries in cerebrovascular and noncerebrovascular diseases. Stroke 6 (1975) 263-269
    • (1975) Stroke , vol.6 , pp. 263-269
    • Goto, I.1    Katsuki, S.2    Ikui, H.3
  • 9
    • 0032750849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of ocular disease and mortality in a diabetic population
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., and Cruickshanks K.J. Association of ocular disease and mortality in a diabetic population. Arch Ophthalmol 117 (1999) 1487-1495
    • (1999) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.117 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3    Cruickshanks, K.J.4
  • 10
    • 0028140002 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between retinal and glomerular lesions in IDDM patients
    • Chavers B.M., Mauer S.M., Ramsay R.C., and Steffes M.W. Relationship between retinal and glomerular lesions in IDDM patients. Diabetes 43 (1994) 441-446
    • (1994) Diabetes , vol.43 , pp. 441-446
    • Chavers, B.M.1    Mauer, S.M.2    Ramsay, R.C.3    Steffes, M.W.4
  • 11
    • 0023910041 scopus 로고
    • Basement membrane abnormalities in diabetes mellitus: relationship to clinical microangiopathy
    • Williamson J.R., Tilton R.G., Chang K., and Kilo C. Basement membrane abnormalities in diabetes mellitus: relationship to clinical microangiopathy. Diabetes Metab Rev 4 (1988) 339-370
    • (1988) Diabetes Metab Rev , vol.4 , pp. 339-370
    • Williamson, J.R.1    Tilton, R.G.2    Chang, K.3    Kilo, C.4
  • 12
    • 0014649690 scopus 로고
    • Experimental hypertensive retinopathy in the monkey
    • Ashton N., Peltier S., and Garner A. Experimental hypertensive retinopathy in the monkey. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 88 (1969) 167-186
    • (1969) Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K , vol.88 , pp. 167-186
    • Ashton, N.1    Peltier, S.2    Garner, A.3
  • 13
    • 75549113928 scopus 로고
    • Development and senescence of the human retinal vasculatures
    • Cogan D.G. Development and senescence of the human retinal vasculatures. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 83 (1963) 465-489
    • (1963) Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K , vol.83 , pp. 465-489
    • Cogan, D.G.1
  • 14
    • 0003958647 scopus 로고
    • Lesions of the fundus in essential hypertension and in arterial and renal diseases
    • Cohen M. Lesions of the fundus in essential hypertension and in arterial and renal diseases. Arch Ophthalmol 17 (1937) 994-1007
    • (1937) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.17 , pp. 994-1007
    • Cohen, M.1
  • 15
    • 0000722077 scopus 로고
    • Diseases of the Retina
    • Duke-Elder S. (Ed), Mosby, St. Louis
    • Duke-Elder S., and Dobree J.H. Diseases of the Retina. In: Duke-Elder S. (Ed). System of Ophthalmology Vol. 10 (1967), Mosby, St. Louis 315-337
    • (1967) System of Ophthalmology , vol.10 , pp. 315-337
    • Duke-Elder, S.1    Dobree, J.H.2
  • 16
    • 0004044491 scopus 로고
    • The Doyne Memorial Lecture: pathological changes in the retinal blood-vessels in arterio-sclerosis and hypertension
    • Friedenwald H. The Doyne Memorial Lecture: pathological changes in the retinal blood-vessels in arterio-sclerosis and hypertension. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 50 (1930) 452-531
    • (1930) Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K , vol.50 , pp. 452-531
    • Friedenwald, H.1
  • 17
    • 34748816772 scopus 로고
    • Retinal artheriosclerosis
    • Cowdry E.V. (Ed), MacMillian, New York
    • Friedenwald H. Retinal artheriosclerosis. In: Cowdry E.V. (Ed). Arteriosclerosis: A Survey of the Problem (1933), MacMillian, New York 363-395
    • (1933) Arteriosclerosis: A Survey of the Problem , pp. 363-395
    • Friedenwald, H.1
  • 19
    • 0016641159 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of hypertensive retinopathy: an experimental study in the monkey
    • Garner A., Ashton N., Tripathi R., et al. Pathogenesis of hypertensive retinopathy: an experimental study in the monkey. Br J Ophthalmol 59 (1975) 3-44
    • (1975) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.59 , pp. 3-44
    • Garner, A.1    Ashton, N.2    Tripathi, R.3
  • 20
    • 0018365360 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of hypertensive retinopathy: a review
    • Garner A., and Ashton N. Pathogenesis of hypertensive retinopathy: a review. J R Soc Med 72 (1979) 362-365
    • (1979) J R Soc Med , vol.72 , pp. 362-365
    • Garner, A.1    Ashton, N.2
  • 21
    • 0024330039 scopus 로고
    • Classification of hypertensive fundus changes and their order of appearance
    • Hayreh S.S. Classification of hypertensive fundus changes and their order of appearance. Ophthalmologica 198 (1989) 247-260
    • (1989) Ophthalmologica , vol.198 , pp. 247-260
    • Hayreh, S.S.1
  • 22
    • 0028228527 scopus 로고
    • Scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies of normal and diabetic acellular glomerular and retinal microvessel basement membranes
    • Carlson E.C. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies of normal and diabetic acellular glomerular and retinal microvessel basement membranes. Microsc Res Tech 28 (1994) 165-177
    • (1994) Microsc Res Tech , vol.28 , pp. 165-177
    • Carlson, E.C.1
  • 23
    • 19944432411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of diabetic retinopathy to preclinical diabetic glomerulopathy lesions in type 1 diabetic patients: the Renin-Angiotensin System Study
    • Klein R., Zinman B., Gardiner R., et al. The relationship of diabetic retinopathy to preclinical diabetic glomerulopathy lesions in type 1 diabetic patients: the Renin-Angiotensin System Study. Diabetes 54 (2005) 527-533
    • (2005) Diabetes , vol.54 , pp. 527-533
    • Klein, R.1    Zinman, B.2    Gardiner, R.3
  • 24
    • 0033179363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal arteriolar diameters and elevated blood pressure: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Sharrett A.R., Hubbard L.D., Cooper L.S., et al. Retinal arteriolar diameters and elevated blood pressure: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 150 (1999) 263-270
    • (1999) Am J Epidemiol , vol.150 , pp. 263-270
    • Sharrett, A.R.1    Hubbard, L.D.2    Cooper, L.S.3
  • 25
    • 0035818289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and incident stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Couper D.J., et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and incident stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Lancet 358 (2001) 1134-1140
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1134-1140
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Couper, D.J.3
  • 26
    • 0037029148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Sharrett A.R., et al. Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. JAMA 287 (2002) 1153-1159
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 1153-1159
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Sharrett, A.R.3
  • 27
    • 0037093011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged persons
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Sharrett A.R., et al. Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged persons. JAMA 287 (2002) 2528-2533
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 2528-2533
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Sharrett, A.R.3
  • 28
    • 0036277987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and cognitive impairment in middle-aged persons: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Sharrett A.R., et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and cognitive impairment in middle-aged persons: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Stroke 33 (2002) 1487-1492
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , pp. 1487-1492
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Sharrett, A.R.3
  • 29
    • 0037014581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral white matter lesions, retinopathy, and incident clinical stroke
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Sharrett A.R., et al. Cerebral white matter lesions, retinopathy, and incident clinical stroke. JAMA 288 (2002) 67-74
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 67-74
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Sharrett, A.R.3
  • 30
    • 0036724756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and blood pressure in older people: the Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Wong T.Y., Hubbard L.D., Klein R., et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and blood pressure in older people: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Br J Ophthalmol 86 (2002) 1007-1013
    • (2002) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.86 , pp. 1007-1013
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Hubbard, L.D.2    Klein, R.3
  • 31
    • 0037542849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and 10-year cardiovascular mortality. A population-based case-control study
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Nieto F.J., et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and 10-year cardiovascular mortality. A population-based case-control study. Ophthalmology 110 (2003) 933-940
    • (2003) Ophthalmology , vol.110 , pp. 933-940
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Nieto, F.J.3
  • 32
    • 2342625396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective cohort study of retinal arteriolar narrowing and mortality
    • Wong T.Y., Knudtson M.D., Klein R., et al. A prospective cohort study of retinal arteriolar narrowing and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 159 (2004) 819-825
    • (2004) Am J Epidemiol , vol.159 , pp. 819-825
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Knudtson, M.D.2    Klein, R.3
  • 33
    • 1042276731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal arteriolar diameter and risk for hypertension
    • Wong T.Y., Klein R., Sharrett A.R., et al. Retinal arteriolar diameter and risk for hypertension. Ann Intern Med 140 (2004) 248-255
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 248-255
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Klein, R.2    Sharrett, A.R.3
  • 34
    • 26444474156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal microvascular signs and risk of stroke and stroke mortality
    • Mitchell P., Wang J.J., Wong T.Y., et al. Retinal microvascular signs and risk of stroke and stroke mortality. Neurology 65 (2005) 1005-1009
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 1005-1009
    • Mitchell, P.1    Wang, J.J.2    Wong, T.Y.3
  • 35
    • 11244351807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinopathy and risk of congestive heart failure
    • Wong T.Y., Rosamond W., Chang P.P., et al. Retinopathy and risk of congestive heart failure. JAMA 293 (2005) 63-69
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 63-69
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Rosamond, W.2    Chang, P.P.3
  • 36
    • 0346724529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation of retinal vessel caliber to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. XIX: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The relation of retinal vessel caliber to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. XIX: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 122 (2004) 76-83
    • (2004) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.122 , pp. 76-83
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 37
    • 0347990599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vessel diameters and the incidence of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes
    • Wong T.Y., Shankar A., Klein R., and Klein B.E. Retinal vessel diameters and the incidence of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 53 (2004) 179-184
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 179-184
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Shankar, A.2    Klein, R.3    Klein, B.E.4
  • 38
    • 0242424182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vascular changes and 20-year incidence of lower extremity amputations in a cohort with diabetes
    • Moss S.E., Klein R., Klein B.E., and Wong T.Y. Retinal vascular changes and 20-year incidence of lower extremity amputations in a cohort with diabetes. Arch Intern Med 163 (2003) 2505-2510
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 2505-2510
    • Moss, S.E.1    Klein, R.2    Klein, B.E.3    Wong, T.Y.4
  • 39
    • 4644297564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and retinal microvascular characteristics in type 1 diabetes: Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy
    • Klein B.E., Klein R., McBride P.E., et al. Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and retinal microvascular characteristics in type 1 diabetes: Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 1917-1924
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 1917-1924
    • Klein, B.E.1    Klein, R.2    McBride, P.E.3
  • 40
    • 33646684772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vessel diameters and risk of stroke: the Rotterdam Study
    • Ikram M.K., de Jong P.J., Bos M.J., et al. Retinal vessel diameters and risk of stroke: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology 66 (2006) 1339-1343
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 1339-1343
    • Ikram, M.K.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Bos, M.J.3
  • 41
    • 0021334750 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in southern Wisconsin
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in southern Wisconsin. Am J Epidemiol 119 (1984) 54-61
    • (1984) Am J Epidemiol , vol.119 , pp. 54-61
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 42
    • 0021136256 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years. Arch Ophthalmol 102 (1984) 520-526
    • (1984) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.102 , pp. 520-526
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 43
    • 0021191759 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years. Arch Ophthalmol 102 (1984) 527-532
    • (1984) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.102 , pp. 527-532
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 44
    • 0024581628 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. X. Four-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 years or more
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. X. Four-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 years or more. Arch Ophthalmol 107 (1989) 244-249
    • (1989) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.107 , pp. 244-249
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 45
    • 0028076222 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. XIV. Ten-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., and Cruickshanks K.J. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. XIV. Ten-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 112 (1994) 1217-1228
    • (1994) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.112 , pp. 1217-1228
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3    Cruickshanks, K.J.4
  • 46
    • 0017123662 scopus 로고
    • The Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. The Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. Prev Med 5 (1976) 207-215
    • (1976) Prev Med , vol.5 , pp. 207-215
  • 47
    • 0004012610 scopus 로고
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group (ETDRS), ETDRS Coordinating Center, Baltimore
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group (ETDRS). Manual of Operations (1980), ETDRS Coordinating Center, Baltimore 192-207
    • (1980) Manual of Operations , pp. 192-207
  • 48
    • 0023890720 scopus 로고
    • Methodologic considerations in measuring glycosylated hemoglobin in epidemiologic studies
    • Moss S.E., Klein R., Klein B.E., et al. Methodologic considerations in measuring glycosylated hemoglobin in epidemiologic studies. J Clin Epidemiol 41 (1988) 645-649
    • (1988) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.41 , pp. 645-649
    • Moss, S.E.1    Klein, R.2    Klein, B.E.3
  • 49
    • 0016250414 scopus 로고
    • General caliber of the retinal arteries expressed as the equivalent width of the central retinal artery
    • Parr J.C., and Spears G.F. General caliber of the retinal arteries expressed as the equivalent width of the central retinal artery. Am J Ophthalmol 77 (1974) 472-477
    • (1974) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.77 , pp. 472-477
    • Parr, J.C.1    Spears, G.F.2
  • 50
    • 0016157279 scopus 로고
    • Mathematic relationships between the width of a retinal artery and the widths of its branches
    • Parr J.C., and Spears G.F. Mathematic relationships between the width of a retinal artery and the widths of its branches. Am J Ophthalmol 77 (1974) 478-483
    • (1974) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.77 , pp. 478-483
    • Parr, J.C.1    Spears, G.F.2
  • 51
    • 0033503919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for evaluation of retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with hypertension/sclerosis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Hubbard L.D., Brothers R.J., King W.N., et al. Methods for evaluation of retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with hypertension/sclerosis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Ophthalmology 106 (1999) 2269-2280
    • (1999) Ophthalmology , vol.106 , pp. 2269-2280
    • Hubbard, L.D.1    Brothers, R.J.2    King, W.N.3
  • 52
    • 0141427858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised formulas for summarizing retinal vessel diameters
    • Knudtson M.D., Lee K.E., Hubbard L.D., et al. Revised formulas for summarizing retinal vessel diameters. Curr Eye Res 27 (2003) 143-149
    • (2003) Curr Eye Res , vol.27 , pp. 143-149
    • Knudtson, M.D.1    Lee, K.E.2    Hubbard, L.D.3
  • 54
    • 0024537989 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. IX. Four-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. IX. Four-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years. Arch Ophthalmol 107 (1989) 237-243
    • (1989) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.107 , pp. 237-243
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 55
    • 0023034841 scopus 로고
    • An alternative method of grading diabetic retinopathy
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Magli Y.L., et al. An alternative method of grading diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmology 93 (1986) 1183-1187
    • (1986) Ophthalmology , vol.93 , pp. 1183-1187
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Magli, Y.L.3
  • 56
    • 0025845943 scopus 로고
    • Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs-an extension of the modified Airlie House classification. ETDRS report number 10
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs-an extension of the modified Airlie House classification. ETDRS report number 10. Ophthalmology 98 suppl (1991) 786-806
    • (1991) Ophthalmology , vol.98 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 786-806
  • 57
    • 0025760218 scopus 로고
    • Fundus photographic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS report number 12
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Fundus photographic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS report number 12. Ophthalmology 98 suppl (1991) 823-833
    • (1991) Ophthalmology , vol.98 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 823-833
  • 58
    • 0021329825 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic retinopathy: assessment of severity and progression
    • Klein B.E., Davis M.D., Segal P., et al. Diabetic retinopathy: assessment of severity and progression. Ophthalmology 91 (1984) 10-17
    • (1984) Ophthalmology , vol.91 , pp. 10-17
    • Klein, B.E.1    Davis, M.D.2    Segal, P.3
  • 59
    • 0022347471 scopus 로고
    • Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1. Arch Ophthalmol 103 (1985) 1796-1806
    • (1985) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.103 , pp. 1796-1806
  • 61
    • 33845382806 scopus 로고
    • Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations
    • Kaplan E.L., and Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 53 (1958) 457-481
    • (1958) J Am Stat Assoc , vol.53 , pp. 457-481
    • Kaplan, E.L.1    Meier, P.2
  • 63
    • 0242348278 scopus 로고
    • Aetiology and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: clues from early functional abnormalities
    • Pickup J.C., and Williams G. (Eds), Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom
    • Walker J.D., and Viberti G.C. Aetiology and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: clues from early functional abnormalities. In: Pickup J.C., and Williams G. (Eds). Textbook of Diabetes Vol. 2 (1991), Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom 657-670
    • (1991) Textbook of Diabetes , vol.2 , pp. 657-670
    • Walker, J.D.1    Viberti, G.C.2
  • 64
    • 0027229167 scopus 로고
    • The association of microalbuminuria with diabetic retinopathy: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy
    • Cruickshanks K.J., Ritter L.L., Klein R., and Moss S.E. The association of microalbuminuria with diabetic retinopathy: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 100 (1993) 862-867
    • (1993) Ophthalmology , vol.100 , pp. 862-867
    • Cruickshanks, K.J.1    Ritter, L.L.2    Klein, R.3    Moss, S.E.4
  • 65
    • 0029151864 scopus 로고
    • Ten-year incidence of gross proteinuria in people with diabetes
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., and Cruickshanks K.J. Ten-year incidence of gross proteinuria in people with diabetes. Diabetes 44 (1995) 916-923
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 916-923
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3    Cruickshanks, K.J.4
  • 66
    • 0032954651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 10-year incidence of renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., et al. The 10-year incidence of renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22 (1999) 743-751
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 743-751
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 67
    • 0025289766 scopus 로고
    • An automated method of quantifying retinal vascular responses during exposure to novel environmental conditions
    • Meehan R.T., Taylor G.R., Rock P., et al. An automated method of quantifying retinal vascular responses during exposure to novel environmental conditions. Ophthalmology 97 (1990) 875-881
    • (1990) Ophthalmology , vol.97 , pp. 875-881
    • Meehan, R.T.1    Taylor, G.R.2    Rock, P.3
  • 68
    • 0003844084 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic factors in diabetic retinopathy
    • Graymore C.N. (Ed), Academic Press, New York
    • Keen H., and Chlouverakis C. Metabolic factors in diabetic retinopathy. In: Graymore C.N. (Ed). Biochemistry of the Retina (1965), Academic Press, New York 123-136
    • (1965) Biochemistry of the Retina , pp. 123-136
    • Keen, H.1    Chlouverakis, C.2
  • 69
    • 33747827858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vascular manifestations of metabolic disorders
    • Nguyen T.T., and Wong T.Y. Retinal vascular manifestations of metabolic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 17 (2006) 262-268
    • (2006) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.17 , pp. 262-268
    • Nguyen, T.T.1    Wong, T.Y.2
  • 70
    • 3142616795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are retinal arteriolar or venular diameters associated with markers for cardiovascular disorders?. The Rotterdam Study
    • Ikram M.K., de Jong P.J., Vingerling J.R., et al. Are retinal arteriolar or venular diameters associated with markers for cardiovascular disorders?. The Rotterdam Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45 (2004) 2129-2134
    • (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.45 , pp. 2129-2134
    • Ikram, M.K.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Vingerling, J.R.3
  • 71
    • 30344460652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are inflammatory factors related to retinal vessel caliber?. The Beaver Dam Eye Study
    • Klein R., Klein B.E., Knudtson M.D., et al. Are inflammatory factors related to retinal vessel caliber?. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol 124 (2006) 87-94
    • (2006) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.124 , pp. 87-94
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Knudtson, M.D.3
  • 72
    • 0242320301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tubular staining of modified C-reactive protein in diabetic chronic kidney disease
    • Schwedler S.B., Guderian F., Dammrich J., et al. Tubular staining of modified C-reactive protein in diabetic chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18 (2003) 2300-2307
    • (2003) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.18 , pp. 2300-2307
    • Schwedler, S.B.1    Guderian, F.2    Dammrich, J.3
  • 73
    • 33745644311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vascular caliber, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
    • Wong T.Y., Islam F.M., Klein R., et al. Retinal vascular caliber, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47 (2006) 2341-2350
    • (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.47 , pp. 2341-2350
    • Wong, T.Y.1    Islam, F.M.2    Klein, R.3
  • 74
    • 84998370548 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological evaluation of funduscopic findings in cerebrovascular diseases. II. A multivariate analysis of funduscopic findings
    • Aoki N. Epidemiological evaluation of funduscopic findings in cerebrovascular diseases. II. A multivariate analysis of funduscopic findings. Jpn Circ J 39 (1975) 271-282
    • (1975) Jpn Circ J , vol.39 , pp. 271-282
    • Aoki, N.1
  • 75
    • 0017058352 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of cerebrovascular disease in Japanese rural communities, Akabane and Asahi. Part 1: evaluation of risk factors in the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage and thrombosis
    • Okada H., Horibe H., Yoshiyuki O., et al. A prospective study of cerebrovascular disease in Japanese rural communities, Akabane and Asahi. Part 1: evaluation of risk factors in the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage and thrombosis. Stroke 7 (1976) 599-607
    • (1976) Stroke , vol.7 , pp. 599-607
    • Okada, H.1    Horibe, H.2    Yoshiyuki, O.3
  • 76
    • 0021970988 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic studies of stroke in Shibata, a Japanese provincial city: preliminary report on risk factors for cerebral infarction
    • Tanaka H., Hayashi M., Date C., et al. Epidemiologic studies of stroke in Shibata, a Japanese provincial city: preliminary report on risk factors for cerebral infarction. Stroke 16 (1985) 773-780
    • (1985) Stroke , vol.16 , pp. 773-780
    • Tanaka, H.1    Hayashi, M.2    Date, C.3
  • 77
    • 0020086170 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community
    • Tanaka H., Ueda Y., Hayashi M., et al. Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community. Stroke 13 (1982) 62-73
    • (1982) Stroke , vol.13 , pp. 62-73
    • Tanaka, H.1    Ueda, Y.2    Hayashi, M.3
  • 78
    • 0031023772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 15.5-year follow-up study of stroke in a Japanese provincial city: the Shibata Study
    • Nakayama T., Date C., Yokoyama T., et al. A 15.5-year follow-up study of stroke in a Japanese provincial city: the Shibata Study. Stroke 28 (1997) 45-52
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 45-52
    • Nakayama, T.1    Date, C.2    Yokoyama, T.3
  • 79
    • 0026889147 scopus 로고
    • A nested case-control study of risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction classified by computed tomographic findings [in Japanese]
    • Sankai T., Iso H., Shimamoto T., et al. A nested case-control study of risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction classified by computed tomographic findings [in Japanese]. Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 39 (1992) 410-420
    • (1992) Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi , vol.39 , pp. 410-420
    • Sankai, T.1    Iso, H.2    Shimamoto, T.3
  • 80
    • 0030704729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcortical silent brain infarction as a risk factor for clinical stroke
    • Kobayashi S., Okada K., Koide H., et al. Subcortical silent brain infarction as a risk factor for clinical stroke. Stroke 28 (1997) 1932-1939
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 1932-1939
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Okada, K.2    Koide, H.3
  • 81
    • 0004041928 scopus 로고
    • Secular trend of retinal findings in changing environment [in Japanese]
    • Arai H. Secular trend of retinal findings in changing environment [in Japanese]. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 38 (1983) 103-105
    • (1983) Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi , vol.38 , pp. 103-105
    • Arai, H.1
  • 82
    • 0028393918 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of fundus oculi changes to declines in mental and physical health conditions among elderly living in a rural community [in Japanese]
    • Sano T., Arai H., and Ogawa Y. Relationship of fundus oculi changes to declines in mental and physical health conditions among elderly living in a rural community [in Japanese]. Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 41 (1994) 219-229
    • (1994) Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi , vol.41 , pp. 219-229
    • Sano, T.1    Arai, H.2    Ogawa, Y.3
  • 83
    • 0024565426 scopus 로고
    • Trends for coronary heart disease and stroke and their risk factors in Japan
    • Shimamoto T., Komachi Y., Inada H., et al. Trends for coronary heart disease and stroke and their risk factors in Japan. Circulation 79 (1989) 503-515
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.79 , pp. 503-515
    • Shimamoto, T.1    Komachi, Y.2    Inada, H.3
  • 84
    • 0018072441 scopus 로고
    • Hypertensive eye ground changes: prevalence, relation to blood pressure and prognostic importance-the study of men born in 1913
    • Svardsudd K., Wedel H., Aurell E., and Tibblin G. Hypertensive eye ground changes: prevalence, relation to blood pressure and prognostic importance-the study of men born in 1913. Acta Med Scand 204 (1978) 159-167
    • (1978) Acta Med Scand , vol.204 , pp. 159-167
    • Svardsudd, K.1    Wedel, H.2    Aurell, E.3    Tibblin, G.4
  • 85
    • 33646138248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of retinal microvascular structure and risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease and stroke
    • Witt N., Wong T.Y., Hughes A.D., et al. Abnormalities of retinal microvascular structure and risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease and stroke. Hypertension 47 (2006) 975-981
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.47 , pp. 975-981
    • Witt, N.1    Wong, T.Y.2    Hughes, A.D.3
  • 86
    • 30344486256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study
    • Ikram M.K., de Jong P.J., Van Dijk E.J., et al. Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Brain 129 (2006) 182-188
    • (2006) Brain , vol.129 , pp. 182-188
    • Ikram, M.K.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Van Dijk, E.J.3
  • 87
    • 0034041507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are retinal arteriolar abnormalities related to atherosclerosis?. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Klein R., Sharrett A.R., Klein B.E., et al. Are retinal arteriolar abnormalities related to atherosclerosis?. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20 (2000) 1644-1650
    • (2000) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.20 , pp. 1644-1650
    • Klein, R.1    Sharrett, A.R.2    Klein, B.E.3
  • 88
    • 33747891478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal vascular caliber and risk of retinopathy in young patients with type 1 diabetes
    • Alibrahim E., Donaghue K.C., Rogers S., et al. Retinal vascular caliber and risk of retinopathy in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology 113 (2006) 1499-1503
    • (2006) Ophthalmology , vol.113 , pp. 1499-1503
    • Alibrahim, E.1    Donaghue, K.C.2    Rogers, S.3
  • 89
    • 0029038779 scopus 로고
    • Role of blood flow and impaired autoregulation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy
    • Kohner E.M., Patel V., and Rassam S.M. Role of blood flow and impaired autoregulation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 44 (1995) 603-607
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 603-607
    • Kohner, E.M.1    Patel, V.2    Rassam, S.M.3
  • 90
    • 0033046689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-dependent covariates in the Cox proportional-hazards regression model
    • Fisher L.D., and Lin D.Y. Time-dependent covariates in the Cox proportional-hazards regression model. Annu Rev Public Health 20 (1999) 145-157
    • (1999) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.20 , pp. 145-157
    • Fisher, L.D.1    Lin, D.Y.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.