Electoral balancing in federal and sub-national elections: The case of Canada

Constitutional Political Economy

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 313-331

  Erikson, Robert S ^a   Filippov, Mikhail G ^b  

^a 706 International Affairs Building ^*  (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Canadian elections; Electoral balancing; Federalism

Indexed keywords

EID: 34548597255     PISSN: 10434062     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1012529023870     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Alesina, A., and Rosenthal, H. (1995) Partisan Politics, Divided Government, and the Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
2. Alesina, A., and Rosenthal, H. (1996) "A Theory of Divided Government." Econometrica 64(6): 1311-41.
3. Anderson, C., and Ward, D. (1996) "Barometer Elections in Comparative Perspective." Electoral Studies 15(4): 447-60.
4. Archer, K., and Whitehorn, A. (1990) "Opinion Structure among New Democratic Party Activists: A Comparison with Liberals and Conservatives." Canadian Journal of Political Science 23(1): 101-13.
5. Baltagi, B. H., and Chang, Y. (1994) "Incomplete Panels: A Comparative Study of Alternative Estimators for the Unbalanced One-Way Error Component Regression Model." Journal of Econometrics 62(2): 67-89.
6. Blake, D. (1982) "The Consistency of Inconsistency: Party Identification in Federal and Provincial Politics." Canadian Journal of Political Science 15(4): 691-710.
7. Bowler, S. (1990) "Consistency and Inconsistency in Canadian Party Identifications: Towards an Institutional Approach." Electoral Studies 9(2): 133-45.
8. Clarke, H. D., and Stewart, M. C. (1987) "Partisan Inconsistency and Partisan Change in Federal States: The Case of Canada." American Journal of Political Science 31(2): 382-407.
9. Cook, C., and Ramsden, J. (1973) By-Elections in British Politics. London: Macmillian.
10. Curtice, J., and Payne, C. (1991) "Local Elections as National Referendum: In Great Britain." Electoral Studies 10(1): 3-17.
11. Dawson, R. M. (1970) The Government of Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
12. Erikson, R. (1988) "The Puzzle of Midterm Loss." Journal of Politics 50(4): 1011-29.
13. Erikson, R. (1990) "Economic Conditions and the Congressional Vote: A Review of the Macrolevel Evidence." American Journal of Political Science 34(2): 373-99.
14. Feigert, F. (1989) Canada Votes. Durham: Duke University Press.
15. Filippov, M. (1998) "Political Competition in Federations." Ph.D. Dissertation, California Institute of Technology.
16. Fiorina, M. (1992) Divided Government. New York: Macmillian.
17. Gabriel, O. W. (1989) "Federalism and Party Democracy in West Germany." Publius 19(4): 65-80.
18. Gaines, B. J. (1992) "Balancing or Bandwagons? Connections between National and Provincial Votes in Canada." Manuscript, Stanford University.
19. Gaines, B. J. (1999) "Duverger's Law and the Meaning of Canadian Exceptionalism." Comparative Political Studies 32(7): 835-61.
20. Gibbins, R. (1982) Regionalism: Territorial Politics in Canada and the United States. Toronto: Butterworths.
21. Goldfarb, M., and Axworthy, T. (1988) Marching to a Different Drummer. Toronto: Stoddart.
22. Howard, S. A. (1960) "The Federal-Provincial Voting Patterns in Canada." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science 26(2): 289-301.
23. Hsiao, C. (1986) Analysis of Panel Data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
24. Irvine, W. (1987) "Canada 1945-1980: Party Platforms and Campaign Strategies." In: Budge, I., Robertson, D., and Hearl, D. (eds.) Ideology, Strategy and Party Change, pp. 73-94. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25. Johnston, R. (1980) "Federal and Provincial Voting: Contemporary Patterns and Historical Evolution." In: Elkins, D. J., and Simeon, R. (eds.) Small Worlds: Provinces and Parties in Canadian Political Life, pp. 131-78. Toronto: Methuen Publications.
26. LeDuc, L., Clarke, H. D., Jenson, J., and Pammett, J. H. (1984) "Partisan Instability in Canada: Evidence from a New Panel Study." The American Political Science Review 78(2): 470-84.
27. Lohmann, S., Brady, D., and Rivers, D. (1997) "Party Identification, Retrospective Voting, and Moderating Elections in a Federal System: West Germany, 1961-1989." Comparative Political Studies 30(4): 420-49.
28. McCormick, P. (1989) "Provincial Political Party Systems, 1945-1986." In: Gagnon, A., and Tanguay, B. (eds.) Canadian Parties in Transition: Discourse, Organization, and Representation, pp. xi, 528. Scarborough, Ont: Nelson Canada.
29. Mebane, W. R. J. (2000) "Coordination, Moderation and Institutional Balancing in American Presidential and House Elections." American Political Science Review 94(1): 37-57.
30. Mughan, A. (1986) "Toward a Political Explanation of Governments Vote Losses in Midterm by-Elections." American Political Science Review 80(3): 761-75.
31. Mughan, A. (1988) "On the by-Election Vote of Governments in Britain." Legislative Studies Quarterly 13(1): 29-48.
32. Nadeau, R., and Blais, A. (1990) "Do Canadians Distinguish between Parties? Perceptions of Party Competence." Canadian Journal of Political Science 23(2): 317-33.
33. Perlin, G., and Peppin, P. (1971) "Variations in Party Support in Federal and Provincial Elections: Some Hypotheses." Canadian Journal of Political Science 4(2): 280-86.
34. Scarrow, H. A. (1960) "Federal-Provincial Voting Patterns in Canada." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science 26(May): 289-98.
35. Scarrow, H. A. (1962) Canada Votes; a Handbook of Federal and Provincial Election Data. New Orleans: Hauser Press.
36. Scheve, K., and Tomz, M. (1999) "Electoral Surprise and the Midterm Loss in U.S. Congressional Elections." British Journal of Political Science 29(3): 507-21.
37. Searle, J. L. (1971) Linear Models. New York: Wiley.
38. Simeon, R. (1972) Federal-Provincial Diplomacy: The Making of Recent Policy in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
39. Simeon, R., and Miller, R. (1980) "Regional Variations in Public Policy." In: Elkins, D. J., and Simeon, R. (eds.) Small Worlds: Provinces and Parties in Canadian Political Life, pp. 242-84. Toronto: Methuen Publications.
40. Stewart, I. (1986) "Friends at Court: Federalism and Provincial Elections on Prince Edward Island." Canadian Journal of Political Science 19(1): 127-50.
41. Stewart, M., and Clark, H. (1998) "Dynamics of Party Identification in Federal Systems: The Canadian Case." American Journal of Political Science 42(1): 97-116.
42. Underhill, F. (1960) In Search of Canadian Liberalism. Toronto: Macmillian.
43. Underhill, F. H. (1955) "Canadian Liberal Democracy in 1955." In: Ferguson, G., and Underhill, F. H. (eds.) Press and Party in Canada: Issues of Freedom, pp. 27-46. Toronto: Ryerson.
44. Uslaner, E. (1990) "Splitting Image: Partisan Affiliations in Canada - Two Political Worlds." American Journal of Political Science 34(4 (November): 961-81.
45. Weaver, R. K. (1992) "Political Institutions and Canada's Constitutional Crisis." In: Weaver, R. K. (ed.) The Collapse of Canada? pp. 7-75. Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution.
46. Wilson, J., and Hoffman, D. (1970) "The Liberal Party in Contemporary Ontario Politics." Canadian Journal of Political Science: 3177-204.
47. Wrong, D. (1957) "The Pattern of Party Voting in Canada." Public Opinion Quarterly 21(2): 252-64.