메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 628-640

Executive functions in patients with depression. The role of prefrontal activaton;Exekutive funktionen bei depressiven patienten. Zur rolle der präfrontalen aktivierung

Author keywords

Cognitive functions; Depression; Executive deficits; Hyperfrontality; Limbic cortical network

Indexed keywords

BRAIN FUNCTION; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEPRESSION; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; LIMBIC CORTEX; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY; TASK PERFORMANCE; WISCONSIN CARD SORTING TEST;

EID: 34548505008     PISSN: 00282804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-006-2240-6     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (23)

References (109)
  • 1
    • 23444441630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alexopoulos GS, Kiosses DN, Heo M et al. (2005) Executive dysfunction and the course of geriatric depression. Biol Psychiatry 58: 204-210
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 204
    • Alexopoulos1
  • 2
    • 0034054268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alexopoulos GS, Meyers BS, Young RC et al. (2000) Executive dysfunction and long-term outcomes of geriatric depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57: 285-290
    • (2000) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 285
    • Alexopoulos1
  • 3
    • 18544378163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audenaert K, Goethals I, Van Laere K et al. (2002) SPECT neuropsychological activation procedure with the Verbal Fluency Test in attempted suicide patients. Nucl Med Commun 23: 907-916
    • (2002) Nucl Med Commun , vol.23 , pp. 907
    • Audenaert1
  • 4
    • 0026724308 scopus 로고
    • Austin MP, Ross M, Murray C, O"Carroll RE et al. (1992) Cognitive function in major depression. J Affect Disord 25: 21-29
    • (1992) J Affect Disord , vol.25 , pp. 21
    • Austin1
  • 5
    • 34548472032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baddeley AD, Logie RH (1999) Working memory: the multiple-component model. In: A. Miyake PS (ed) Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control. Cambridge Univ Press, New York, pp 28-61
    • (1999) Miyake
    • Baddeley1
  • 6
    • 0030922180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baker SC, Frith CD, Dolan RJ (1997) The interaction between mood and cognitive function studied with PET. Psychol Med 27: 565-578
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 565
    • Baker1
  • 7
    • 2642571093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barbas H, Saha S, Rempel-Clower N, Ghashghaei T (2003) Serial pathways from primate prefrontal cortex to autonomic areas may influence emotional expression. BMC Neurosci 4: 25
    • (2003) BMC Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 25
    • Barbas1
  • 8
    • 0037374038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barch DM, Sheline YI, Csernansky JG, Snyder AZ (2003) Working memory and prefrontal cortex dysfunction: specificity to schizophrenia compared with major depression. Biol Psychiatry 53: 376-384
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 376
    • Barch1
  • 9
    • 0024508732 scopus 로고
    • Baxter LR, Jr., Schwartz JM, Phelps ME et al. (1989) Reduction of prefrontal cortex glucose metabolism common to three types of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 243-250
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 243
    • Baxter1
  • 10
    • 0029986127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beats BC, Sahakian BJ, Levy R (1996) Cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in the elderly depressed. Psychol Med 26: 591-603
    • (1996) Psychol Med , vol.26 , pp. 591
    • Beats1
  • 11
    • 0033629376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beblo T, Herrmann M (2000) [Neuropsychological deficits in depressive disorders]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 68: 1-11
    • (2000) Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr , vol.68 , pp. 1
    • Beblo1
  • 12
    • 0001688810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beblo Th BB, Wallesch C-W, Hermann M (1999) Neuropsychological correlates of major depression: a short term follow up. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 4: 333-341
    • (1999) Cogn Neuropsychiatry , vol.4 , pp. 333
    • Beblo1
  • 13
    • 0027326614 scopus 로고
    • Bench CJ, Friston KJ, Brown RG et al. (1993) Regional cerebral blood flow in depression measured by positron emission tomography: the relationship with clinical dimensions. Psychol Med 23: 579-590
    • (1993) Psychol Med , vol.23 , pp. 579
    • Bench1
  • 14
    • 0026640757 scopus 로고
    • Bench CJ, Friston KJ, Brown RG et al. (1992) The anatomy of melancholia-focal abnormalities of cerebral blood flow in major depression. Psychol Med 22: 607-615
    • (1992) Psychol Med , vol.22 , pp. 607
    • Bench1
  • 15
    • 0027509381 scopus 로고
    • Berman KF, Doran AR, Pickar D, Weinberger DR (1993) Is the mechanism of prefrontal hypofunction in depression the same as in schizophrenia? Regional cerebral blood flow during cognitive activation. Br J Psychiatry 162: 183-192
    • (1993) Br J Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 183
    • Berman1
  • 16
    • 0000391937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brannan SK MH, McGinnis (2000) Cingulate metabolism predicts treatment response: a replication. Biol Psychiatry 47: 107S
    • (2000) Biol Psychiatry , vol.47
    • Brannan1
  • 17
    • 0034938330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brody AL, Saxena S, Stoessel P et al. (2001) Regional brain metabolic changes in patients with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal therapy: preliminary findings. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58: 631-640
    • (2001) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 631
    • Brody1
  • 18
    • 0343145706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buchsbaum MS, Wu J, Siegel BV et al. (1997) Effect of sertraline on regional metabolic rate in patients with affective disorder. Biol Psychiatry 41: 15-22
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 15
    • Buchsbaum1
  • 19
    • 0029269489 scopus 로고
    • Burt DB, Zembar MJ, Niederehe G (1995) Depression and memory impairment: a meta-analysis of the association, its pattern, and specificity. Psychol Bull 117: 285-305
    • (1995) Psychol Bull , vol.117 , pp. 285
    • Burt1
  • 20
    • 0034212432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush G, Luu P, Posner MI (2000) Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends Cogn Sci 4: 215-222
    • (2000) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.4 , pp. 215
    • Bush1
  • 21
    • 0019837404 scopus 로고
    • Caine ED (1981) Pseudodementia. Current concepts and future directions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38: 1359-1364
    • (1981) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 1359
    • Caine1
  • 22
    • 0033764334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Callicott JH, Bertolino A, Mattay VS et al. (2000) Physiological dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia revisited. Cereb Cortex 10: 1078-1092
    • (2000) Cereb Cortex , vol.10 , pp. 1078
    • Callicott1
  • 23
    • 3142702943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Callicott JH, Mattay VS, Verchinski BA et al. (2003) Complexity of prefrontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia: more than up or down. Am J Psychiatry 160: 2209-2215
    • (2003) Am J Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 2209
    • Callicott1
  • 24
    • 0030575417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Channon S (1996) Executive dysfunction in depression: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. J Affect Disord 39: 107-114
    • (1996) J Affect Disord , vol.39 , pp. 107
    • Channon1
  • 25
    • 0029114850 scopus 로고
    • Coryell W, Endicott J, Winokur G et al. (1995) Characteristics and significance of untreated major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 152: 1124-1129
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 1124
    • Coryell1
  • 26
    • 0025917406 scopus 로고
    • Dew MA, Bromet EJ, Schulberg HC et al. (1991) Factors affecting service utilization for depression in a white collar population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 26: 230-237
    • (1991) Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol , vol.26 , pp. 230
    • Dew1
  • 27
    • 1342268269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dougherty DD, Weiss AP, Cosgrove GR et al. (2003) Cerebral metabolic correlates as potential predictors of response to anterior cingulotomy for treatment of major depression. J Neurosurg 99: 1010-1017
    • (2003) J Neurosurg , vol.99 , pp. 1010
    • Dougherty1
  • 28
    • 0035312686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drevets WC (2001) Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: implications for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11: 240-249
    • (2001) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.11 , pp. 240
    • Drevets1
  • 29
    • 0034667345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drevets WC (2000) Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry 48: 813-829
    • (2000) Biol Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 813
    • Drevets1
  • 30
    • 0036895345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drevets WC, Bogers W, Raichle ME (2002) Functional anatomical correlates of antidepressant drug treatment assessed using PET measures of regional glucose metabolism. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 12: 527-544
    • (2002) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.12 , pp. 527
    • Drevets1
  • 31
    • 0034307762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duncan J, Owen AM (2000) Common regions of the human frontal lobe recruited by diverse cognitive demands. Trends Neurosci 23: 475-483
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 475
    • Duncan1
  • 32
    • 0026328624 scopus 로고
    • Ebert D, Feistel H, Barocka A (1991) Effects of sleep deprivation on the limbic system and the frontal lobes in affective disorders: a study with Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT. Psychiatry Res 40: 247-251
    • (1991) Psychiatry Res , vol.40 , pp. 247
    • Ebert1
  • 33
    • 0028283341 scopus 로고
    • Ebert D, Feistel H, Barocka A, Kaschka W (1994) Increased limbic blood flow and total sleep deprivation in major depression with melancholia. Psychiatry Res 55: 101-109
    • (1994) Psychiatry Res , vol.55 , pp. 101
    • Ebert1
  • 34
    • 0343312461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eder-Sommer G BR (1996) Verlangsamung des mentalen Durchmusterns (memory scanning) bei älteren Depressiven: Eine kontrollierte klinische Untersuchung. Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 1: 48-60
    • (1996) Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie , vol.1 , pp. 48
    • Eder-Sommer1
  • 35
    • 0032213188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elliott R (1998) The neuropsychological profile in unipolar depression. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2(11): 447-454
    • (1998) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 447
    • Elliott1
  • 36
    • 0030800191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elliott R, Baker SC, Rogers RD et al. (1997) Prefrontal dysfunction in depressed patients performing a complex planning task: a study using positron emission tomography. Psychol Med 27: 931-942
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 931
    • Elliott1
  • 37
    • 0029811465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elliott R, Sahakian BJ, McKay AP et al. (1996) Neuropsychological impairments in unipolar depression: the influence of perceived failure on subsequent performance. Psychol Med 26: 975-989
    • (1996) Psychol Med , vol.26 , pp. 975
    • Elliott1
  • 38
    • 0033191404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engle RW, Tuholski SW, Laughlin JE, Conway AR (1999) Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent-variable approach. J Exp Psychol Gen 128: 309-331
    • (1999) J Exp Psychol Gen , vol.128 , pp. 309
    • Engle1
  • 39
    • 25844442174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional Neuroimaging of depression
    • WP K (ed) Perspectives in Affective Disorders. Karger, Basel
    • Erk S WH, Spitzer M (2002) Functional Neuroimaging of depression. In: WP K (ed) Perspectives in Affective Disorders. Adv Biol Psychiatry. Karger, Basel, pp 63-69
    • (2002) Adv Biol Psychiatry , pp. 63-69
    • Erk, S.W.H.1    Spitzer, M.2
  • 40
    • 0034129388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Everett J, Lajeunesse C (2000) [Cognitive inhibition and psychopathology: toward a less simplistic conceptualization]. Encephale 26: 13-20
    • (2000) Encephale , vol.26 , pp. 13
    • Everett1
  • 41
    • 0000857808 scopus 로고
    • Friedman AS (1964) Minimal Effects of Severe Depression on Cognitive Functioning. J Abnorm Psychol 69: 237-243
    • (1964) J Abnorm Psychol , vol.69 , pp. 237
    • Friedman1
  • 42
    • 0031901272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galynker, II, Cai J, Ongseng F et al. (1998) Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in major depressive disorder. J Nucl Med 39: 608-612
    • (1998) J Nucl Med , vol.39 , pp. 608
    • Galynker1
  • 43
    • 0028953439 scopus 로고
    • George MS, Ketter TA, Parekh PI et al. (1995) Brain activity during transient sadness and happiness in healthy women. Am J Psychiatry 152: 341-351
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 341
    • George1
  • 44
    • 0031029120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • George MS, Ketter TA, Parekh PI F et al. (1997) Blunted left cingulate activation in mood disorder subjects during a response interference task (the Stroop). J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 9: 55-63
    • (1997) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 55
    • George1
  • 45
    • 0347415656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goldapple K, Segal Z, Garson C F et al. (2004) Modulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: treatment-specific effects of cognitive behavior therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61: 34-41
    • (2004) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 34
    • Goldapple1
  • 46
    • 0035957380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gusnard DA, Akbudak E, Shulman GL, Raichle ME (2001) Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: relation to a default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 4259-4264
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S a , vol.98 , pp. 4259
    • Gusnard1
  • 47
    • 0035486838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gusnard DA, Raichle ME (2001) Searching for a baseline: functional imaging and the resting human brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2: 685-694
    • (2001) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 685
    • Gusnard1
  • 48
    • 0023629506 scopus 로고
    • Hart RP, Kwentus JA (1987) Psychomotor slowing and subcortical-type dysfunction in depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 50: 1263-1266
    • (1987) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 1263
    • Hart1
  • 49
    • 20444496166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvey PO, Fossati P, Pochon JB F et al. (2005) Cognitive control and brain resources in major depression: An fMRI study using the n-back task. Neuroimage 26: 860-869
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.26 , pp. 860
    • Harvey1
  • 50
    • 5344275909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvey PO, Le Bastard G, Pochon JB F et al. (2004) Executive functions and updating of the contents of working memory in unipolar depression. J Psychiatr Res 38: 567-576
    • (2004) J Psychiatr Res , vol.38 , pp. 567
    • Harvey1
  • 51
    • 0000124815 scopus 로고
    • Hasher L ZRT (1979) Automatic and effortful processes in memory. J Exp Psychol Gen 108: 356-388
    • (1979) J Exp Psychol Gen , vol.108 , pp. 356
    • Hasher1
  • 52
    • 0025391089 scopus 로고
    • Hertel PT, Hardin TS (1990) Remembering with and without awareness in a depressed mood: evidence of deficits in initiative. J Exp Psychol Gen 119: 45-59
    • (1990) J Exp Psychol Gen , vol.119 , pp. 45
    • Hertel1
  • 53
    • 20444386562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holmes AJ, Macdonald A, 3rd, Carter CS F et al. (2005) Prefrontal functioning during context processing in schizophrenia and major depression: An event-related fMRI study. Schizophr Res 76: 199-206
    • (2005) Schizophr Res , vol.76 , pp. 199
    • Holmes1
  • 54
    • 0033162626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holthoff VA, Beuthien-Baumann B, Pietrzyk U F et al. (1999) [Changes in regional cerebral perfusion in depression.SPECT monitoring of response to treatment]. Nervenarzt 70: 620-626
    • (1999) Nervenarzt , vol.70 , pp. 620
    • Holthoff1
  • 55
    • 1642487136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hugdahl K, Rund BR, Lund A, Asbjornsen A F et al. (2004) Brain activation measured with fMRI during a mental arithmetic task in schizophrenia and major depression. Am J Psychiatry 161: 286-293
    • (2004) Am J Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 286
    • Hugdahl1
  • 56
    • 0345269847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaiser S, Unger J, Kiefer M F et al. (2003) Executive control deficit in depression: event-related potentials in a Go/Nogo task. Psychiatry Res 122: 169-184
    • (2003) Psychiatry Res , vol.122 , pp. 169
    • Kaiser1
  • 57
    • 0032769179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kalayam B, Alexopoulos GS (1999) Prefrontal dysfunction and treatment response in geriatric depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56: 713-718
    • (1999) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 713
    • Kalayam1
  • 58
    • 1242289551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kondo H, Morishita M, Osaka N F et al. (2004) Functional roles of the cingulo-frontal network in performance on working memory. Neuroimage 21: 2-14
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.21 , pp. 2
    • Kondo1
  • 59
    • 0346096612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landro NI, Celius EG, Sletvold H (2004) Depressive symptoms account for deficient information processing speed but not for impaired working memory in early phase multiple sclerosis (MS). J Neurol Sci 217: 211-216
    • (2004) J Neurol Sci , vol.217 , pp. 211
    • Landro1
  • 61
    • 10044278012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Majer M, Ising M, Kunzel H F et al. (2004) Impaired divided attention predicts delayed response and risk to relapse in subjects with depressive disorders. Psychol Med 34: 1453-1463
    • (2004) Psychol Med , vol.34 , pp. 1453
    • Majer1
  • 62
    • 0037393438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manoach DS (2003) Prefrontal cortex dysfunction during working memory performance in schizophrenia: reconciling discrepant findings. Schizophr Res 60: 285-298
    • (2003) Schizophr Res , vol.60 , pp. 285
    • Manoach1
  • 63
    • 0025053032 scopus 로고
    • Martinot JL, Hardy P, Feline A F et al. (1990) Left prefrontal glucose hypometabolism in the depressed state: a confirmation. Am J Psychiatry 147: 1313-1317
    • (1990) Am J Psychiatry , vol.147 , pp. 1313
    • Martinot1
  • 64
    • 0036668021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matsuo K, Kato N, Kato T (2002) Decreased cerebral haemodynamic response to cognitive and physiological tasks in mood disorders as shown by near-infrared spectroscopy. Psychol Med 32: 1029-1037
    • (2002) Psychol Med , vol.32 , pp. 1029
    • Matsuo1
  • 65
    • 0037250207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mayberg HS (2003) Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment. Br Med Bull 65: 193-207
    • (2003) Br Med Bull , vol.65 , pp. 193
    • Mayberg1
  • 66
    • 8244256653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mayberg HS, Brannan SK, Mahurin RK F et al. (1997) Cingulate function in depression: a potential predictor of treatment response. Neuroreport 8: 1057-1061
    • (1997) Neuroreport , vol.8 , pp. 1057
    • Mayberg1
  • 67
    • 0028264040 scopus 로고
    • Mayberg HS, Lewis PJ, Regenold W, Wagner HN Jr. (1994) Paralimbic hypoperfusion in unipolar depression. J Nucl Med 35: 929-934
    • (1994) J Nucl Med , vol.35 , pp. 929
    • Mayberg1
  • 68
    • 0032944684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mayberg HS, Liotti M, Brannan SK F et al. (1999) Reciprocal limbic-cortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness. Am J Psychiatry 156: 675-682
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 675
    • Mayberg1
  • 69
    • 14644402983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V F et al. (2005) Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Neuron 45: 651-660
    • (2005) Neuron , vol.45 , pp. 651
    • Mayberg1
  • 70
    • 0002093538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How specific are the memory and other cognitive deficits caused by frontal lobe lesions?
    • P R (ed) Psychology Press, Hove
    • Mayes A, Daum I (1997) How specific are the memory and other cognitive deficits caused by frontal lobe lesions? In: P R (ed) Methodology of frontal and executive function. Psychology Press, Hove, pp 155-177
    • (1997) Methodology of Frontal and Executive Function , pp. 155-177
    • Mayes, A.1    Daum, I.2
  • 71
    • 0035819481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Michaud CM, Murray CJ, Bloom BR (2001) Burden of disease - implications for future research. JAMA 285: 535-539
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 535
    • Michaud1
  • 72
    • 0016608170 scopus 로고
    • Miller WR (1975) Psychological deficit in depression. Psychol Bull 82: 238-260
    • (1975) Psychol Bull , vol.82 , pp. 238
    • Miller1
  • 73
    • 0037143811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mottaghy FM, Keller CE, Gangitano M et al. (2002) Correlation of cerebral blood flow and treatment effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients. Psychiatry Res 115: 1-14
    • (2002) Psychiatry Res , vol.115 , pp. 1
    • Mottaghy1
  • 74
    • 0035142462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nobler MS, Oquendo MA, Kegeles LS F et al. (2001) Decreased regional brain metabolism after ect. Am J Psychiatry 158: 305-308
    • (2001) Am J Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 305
    • Nobler1
  • 75
    • 1542335745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northoff G, Heinzel A, Bermpohl FF et al. (2004) Reciprocal modulation and attenuation in the prefrontal cortex: an fMRI study on emotional-cognitive interaction. Hum Brain Mapp 21: 202-212
    • (2004) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.21 , pp. 202
    • Northoff1
  • 76
    • 0037262539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Okada G, Okamoto Y, Morinobu S et al. (2003) Attenuated left prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task in patients with depression. Neuropsychobiology 47: 21-26
    • (2003) Neuropsychobiology , vol.47 , pp. 21
    • Okada1
  • 77
    • 0037347114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osaka M, Osaka N, Kondo H et al. (2003) The neural basis of individual differences in working memory capacity: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 18: 789-797
    • (2003) Neuroimage , vol.18 , pp. 789
    • Osaka1
  • 78
    • 28444458831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paelecke-Habermann Y, Pohl J, Leplow B (2005) Attention and executive functions in remitted major depression patients. J Affect Disord 89: 125-135
    • (2005) J Affect Disord , vol.89 , pp. 125
    • Paelecke-Habermann1
  • 79
    • 0034284018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pelosi L, Slade T, Blumhardt LD, Sharma VK (2000) Working memory dysfunction in major depression: an event-related potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 111: 1531-1543
    • (2000) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.111 , pp. 1531
    • Pelosi1
  • 80
    • 0030778085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purcell R, Maruff P, Kyrios M, Pantelis C (1997) Neuropsychological function in young patients with unipolar major depression. Psychol Med 27: 1277-1285
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 1277
    • Purcell1
  • 81
    • 0035895264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ F et al. (2001) A default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 676-682
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S a , vol.98 , pp. 676
    • Raichle1
  • 82
    • 5644256867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ridderinkhof KR, Ullsperger M, Crone EA, Nieuwenhuis S (2004) The role of the medial frontal cortex in cognitive control. Science 306: 443-447
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 443
    • Ridderinkhof1
  • 83
    • 3543101533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rogers MA, Kasai K, Koji M et al. (2004) Executive and prefrontal dysfunction in unipolar depression: a review of neuropsychological and imaging evidence. Neurosci Res 50: 1-11
    • (2004) Neurosci Res , vol.50 , pp. 1
    • Rogers1
  • 84
    • 29244475703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rose EJ, Simonotto E, Ebmeier KP (2006) Limbic over-activity in depression during preserved performance on the n-back task. NeuroImage 29: 203-215
    • (2006) NeuroImage , vol.29 , pp. 203
    • Rose1
  • 85
    • 0025020528 scopus 로고
    • Sackeim HA, Prohovnik I, Moeller JR F et al. (1990) Regional cerebral blood flow in mood disorders. I. Comparison of major depressives and normal controls at rest. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47: 60-70
    • (1990) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 60
    • Sackeim1
  • 86
    • 0033548638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smith EE, Jonides J (1999) Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science 283: 1657-1661
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1657
    • Smith1
  • 87
    • 0032894339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smith GS, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Pollock B F et al. (1999) Cerebral glucose metabolic response to combined total sleep deprivation and antidepressant treatment in geriatric depression. Am J Psychiatry 156: 683-689
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 683
    • Smith1
  • 88
    • 0014006763 scopus 로고
    • Sternberg S (1966) High-speed scanning in human memory. Science 153: 652-654
    • (1966) Science , vol.153 , pp. 652
    • Sternberg1
  • 89
    • 12144288438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stordal KI, Lundervold AJ, Egeland J F et al. (2004) Impairment across executive functions in recurrent major depression. Nord J Psychiatry 58: 41-47
    • (2004) Nord J Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 41
    • Stordal1
  • 90
    • 0028924681 scopus 로고
    • Trichard C, Martinot JL, Alagille M F et al. (1995) Time course of prefrontal lobe dysfunction in severely depressed in-patients: a longitudinal neuropsychological study. Psychol Med 25: 79-85
    • (1995) Psychol Med , vol.25 , pp. 79
    • Trichard1
  • 91
    • 25844494327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasic N, Wolf RC, Walter H (2005) Neurofunktionelle Grundlagen unipolarer depressiver Störungen. Nervenheilkunde 24: 603-610
    • (2005) Nervenheilkunde , vol.24 , pp. 603
    • Vasic1
  • 92
    • 0030800440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Veiel HO (1997) A preliminary profile of neuropsychological deficits associated with major depression. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 19: 587-603
    • (1997) J Clin Exp Neuropsychol , vol.19 , pp. 587
    • Veiel1
  • 93
    • 1642372367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Videbech P, Ravnkilde B, Gammelgaard L et al. (2004) The Danish PET/depression project: performance on Stroop"s test linked to white matter lesions in the brain. Psychiatry Res 130: 117-130
    • (2004) Psychiatry Res , vol.130 , pp. 117
    • Videbech1
  • 94
    • 0038399770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Videbech P, Ravnkilde B, Kristensen S et al. (2003) The Danish PET/depression project: poor verbal fluency performance despite normal prefrontal activation in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Res 123: 49-63
    • (2003) Psychiatry Res , vol.123 , pp. 49
    • Videbech1
  • 95
    • 0034768883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Videbech P, Ravnkilde B, Pedersen AR F et al. (2001) The Danish PET/depression project: PET findings in patients with major depression. Psychol Med 31: 1147-1158
    • (2001) Psychol Med , vol.31 , pp. 1147
    • Videbech1
  • 96
    • 0023184512 scopus 로고
    • Cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey: II. Cortical afferents
    • Vogt BA PD (1987) Cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey: II. Cortical afferents. J Comp Neurol 8; 262(2): 271-289
    • (1987) J Comp Neurol , vol.262 , Issue.2 , pp. 271-289
    • Vogt, B.A.P.D.1
  • 98
    • 0036399742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walter H, Wolf RC (2002) Von der Hypofrontalität zur dynamischen frontalen Dysfunktion: f-MRT- Studien bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie. Nervenheilkunde 21: 392-399
    • (2002) Nervenheilkunde , vol.21 , pp. 392
    • Walter1
  • 99
    • 34548509043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential brain activation in an event related working memory task in schizophrenia as compared to depression
    • (in press)
    • Walter H, Vasic N, Wolf RC et al. (2007) Differential brain activation in an event related working memory task in schizophrenia as compared to depression. Neuroimage (in press)
    • (2007) Neuroimage
    • Walter, H.1    Vasic, N.2    Wolf, R.C.3
  • 100
    • 0003022652 scopus 로고
    • Depression and anxiety
    • Baddeley AD, Wilson BA, Watts FN (ed) Wiley, Chichester
    • Watts F (1995) Depression and anxiety. In: Baddeley AD, Wilson BA, Watts FN (ed) Handbook of Memory Disorders. Wiley, Chichester, pp 211-242
    • (1995) Handbook of Memory Disorders , pp. 211-242
    • Watts, F.1
  • 101
    • 5644246458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weiland-Fiedler P, Erickson K, Waldeck T et al. (2004) Evidence for continuing neuropsychological impairments in depression. J Affect Disord 82: 253-258
    • (2004) J Affect Disord , vol.82 , pp. 253
    • Weiland-Fiedler1
  • 103
    • 25844530722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wolf RC, Vasic N, Walter H (2005) Kognitive Defizite in der Schizophrenie: Zwischen präfrontaler Dysfunktion und funktioneller Entkopplung. Nervenheilkunde 24: 573-583
    • (2005) Nervenheilkunde , vol.24 , pp. 573
    • Wolf1
  • 104
    • 34249938498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased left prefrontal activation in patients with unipolar depression: An event-related, parametric, performance-controlled fMRT study
    • (in press)
    • Walter H, Wolf RC, Spitzer M, Vasic N (2007) Increased left prefrontal activation in patients with unipolar depression: An event-related, parametric, performance-controlled fMRT study. J Affect Disord (in press)
    • (2007) J Affect Disord
    • Walter, H.1    Wolf, R.C.2    Spitzer, M.3    Vasic, N.4
  • 105
    • 33747600889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wolf RC, Vasic N, Walter H (2006) Das Arbeitsgedächtniskonzept in der Schizophrenie: Überblick und Ausblick. Fortsch Neurol Psychiatr 74(8): 449-468
    • (2006) Fortsch Neurol Psychiatr , vol.74 , pp. 449
    • Wolf1
  • 106
    • 0032818963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wu J, Buchsbaum MS, Gillin JC et al. (1999) Prediction of antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation by metabolic rates in the ventral anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. Am J Psychiatry 156: 1149-1158
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 1149
    • Wu1
  • 107
    • 0026560988 scopus 로고
    • Wu JC, Gillin JC, Buchsbaum MS et al. (1992) Effect of sleep deprivation on brain metabolism of depressed patients. Am J Psychiatry 149: 538-543
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 538
    • Wu1
  • 108
    • 0031714920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zakzanis KK, Leach L, Kaplan E (1998) On the nature and pattern of neurocognitive function in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 11: 111-119
    • (1998) Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 111
    • Zakzanis1
  • 109
    • 33846489778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matsuo K, Glahn DC, Peluso MA et al. (2007) Prefrontal hyperactivation during working memory task in untreated individuals with major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry 12(2): 158-166
    • (2007) Mol Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 158
    • Matsuo1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.