메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 99, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 987-1001

Comparative cryptogam ecology: A review of bryophyte and lichen traits that drive biogeochemistry

Author keywords

Biogeochemical processes; Carbon; Cryptogam; Decomposition; Defence; Functional trait; Growth rate; Interspecific variation; Lichen; Liverwort; Moss; Nutrients

Indexed keywords

CARBON;

EID: 34548458597     PISSN: 03057364     EISSN: 10958290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm030     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (357)

References (195)
  • 1
    • 0034070615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weathering of rocks and neogenesis of minerals associated with lichen activity
    • Adamo P, Violante P. 2000. Weathering of rocks and neogenesis of minerals associated with lichen activity. Applied Clay Science 16: 229-256.
    • (2000) Applied Clay Science , vol.16 , pp. 229-256
    • Adamo, P.1    Violante, P.2
  • 2
    • 77956757497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: A re-evaluation of processes and patterns
    • Aerts R, Chapin FS III. 2000. The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes and patterns. Advances in Ecological Research 30: 1-67.
    • (2000) Advances in Ecological Research , vol.30 , pp. 1-67
    • Aerts, R.1    Chapin III, F.S.2
  • 3
    • 0033427648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do plant species with high relative growth rates have poorer chemical defences?
    • Almeida-Cortez JS, Shipley B, Arnason JT. 1999. Do plant species with high relative growth rates have poorer chemical defences? Functional Ecology 13: 819-827.
    • (1999) Functional Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 819-827
    • Almeida-Cortez, J.S.1    Shipley, B.2    Arnason, J.T.3
  • 4
    • 2942593820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of the distribution of UV-absorbing compounds in aquatic bryophytes from a mountain stream
    • Arróniz-Crespo M, Núňez-Olivera E, Martínez-Abaigar J, Tomás R. 2004. A survey of the distribution of UV-absorbing compounds in aquatic bryophytes from a mountain stream. The Bryologist 107: 202-208.
    • (2004) The Bryologist , vol.107 , pp. 202-208
    • Arróniz-Crespo, M.1    Núňez-Olivera, E.2    Martínez-Abaigar, J.3    Tomás, R.4
  • 5
    • 0030436033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors determining the growth curve of the foliose lichen Parmelia conspersa
    • Armstrong RA, Smith SN. 1996. Factors determining the growth curve of the foliose lichen Parmelia conspersa. New Phytologist 134: 517-522.
    • (1996) New Phytologist , vol.134 , pp. 517-522
    • Armstrong, R.A.1    Smith, S.N.2
  • 6
    • 1542285446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemosystematics of the Hepaticae
    • Asakawa Y. 2004. Chemosystematics of the Hepaticae. Phytochemistry 65: 623-669.
    • (2004) Phytochemistry , vol.65 , pp. 623-669
    • Asakawa, Y.1
  • 7
    • 0028165126 scopus 로고
    • Responses of the mosses Brachythecium rutabulum and Pseudoscleropodium purum to a mineral nutrient pulse
    • Bates JW. 1994. Responses of the mosses Brachythecium rutabulum and Pseudoscleropodium purum to a mineral nutrient pulse. Functional Ecology 8: 686-692.
    • (1994) Functional Ecology , vol.8 , pp. 686-692
    • Bates, J.W.1
  • 8
    • 0001663850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineral nutrition, substratum ecology, and pollution
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Bates JW. 2000. Mineral nutrition, substratum ecology, and pollution. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 248-311.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 248-311
    • Bates, J.W.1
  • 10
    • 19344366816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of simulated long-term climatic change on the bryophytes of a limestone grassland community
    • Bates JW, Thompson K, Grime JP. 2005. Effects of simulated long-term climatic change on the bryophytes of a limestone grassland community. Global Change Biology 11: 757-769.
    • (2005) Global Change Biology , vol.11 , pp. 757-769
    • Bates, J.W.1    Thompson, K.2    Grime, J.P.3
  • 12
    • 0035428640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The representation of arctic soils in the land surface model: The importance of mosses
    • Beringer J, Lynch AH, Chapin FS, Mack M, Bonan GB. 2001. The representation of arctic soils in the land surface model: the importance of mosses. Journal of Climate 14: 3324-3335.
    • (2001) Journal of Climate , vol.14 , pp. 3324-3335
    • Beringer, J.1    Lynch, A.H.2    Chapin, F.S.3    Mack, M.4    Bonan, G.B.5
  • 14
    • 0028975292 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of vegetation to methane emission and hydrochemical gradients in northern peatlands
    • Bubier JL. 1995. The relationship of vegetation to methane emission and hydrochemical gradients in northern peatlands. Journal of Ecology 83: 403-420.
    • (1995) Journal of Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 403-420
    • Bubier, J.L.1
  • 16
    • 0034812184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of epiphytic lichens on host preference of the vascular epiphyte Tillandsia usneoides
    • Callaway RM, Reinhart KO, Tucker SC, Pennings SC. 2001. Effects of epiphytic lichens on host preference of the vascular epiphyte Tillandsia usneoides. Oikos 94: 433-441.
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.94 , pp. 433-441
    • Callaway, R.M.1    Reinhart, K.O.2    Tucker, S.C.3    Pennings, S.C.4
  • 17
    • 0024180590 scopus 로고
    • Differences in carbon and nutrient fractions among arctic growth forms
    • Chapin FS III, Shaver GR. 1988. Differences in carbon and nutrient fractions among arctic growth forms. Oecologia 77: 506-514.
    • (1988) Oecologia , vol.77 , pp. 506-514
    • Chapin III, F.S.1    Shaver, G.R.2
  • 19
    • 0002014702 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of Sphagnum
    • Smith AJE, ed, New York: Chapman and Hall
    • Clymo RS, Hayward PM. 1982. The ecology of Sphagnum. In: Smith AJE, ed. Bryophyte ecology. New York: Chapman and Hall, 229-289.
    • (1982) Bryophyte ecology , pp. 229-289
    • Clymo, R.S.1    Hayward, P.M.2
  • 20
    • 0031697788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth, net production, litter decomposition, and net nitrogen accumulation by epiphytic bryophytes in a tropical montane forest
    • Clark DL, Nadkarni NM, Gholz HL. 1998. Growth, net production, litter decomposition, and net nitrogen accumulation by epiphytic bryophytes in a tropical montane forest. Biotropica 30: 12-23.
    • (1998) Biotropica , vol.30 , pp. 12-23
    • Clark, D.L.1    Nadkarni, N.M.2    Gholz, H.L.3
  • 21
    • 0034917917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field measurements of the growth rates of forage lichens, and the implications of grazing by Svalbard reindeer
    • Cooper EJ, Wookey PA. 2001. Field measurements of the growth rates of forage lichens, and the implications of grazing by Svalbard reindeer. Symbiosis 31: 173-186.
    • (2001) Symbiosis , vol.31 , pp. 173-186
    • Cooper, E.J.1    Wookey, P.A.2
  • 22
    • 0030304875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental comparison of leaf decomposition rates in a wide range of temperate plant species and types
    • Cornelissen JHC. 1996. An experimental comparison of leaf decomposition rates in a wide range of temperate plant species and types. Journal of Ecology 84: 573-582.
    • (1996) Journal of Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 573-582
    • Cornelissen, J.H.C.1
  • 23
    • 0030769013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foliar nutrients in relation to growth, allocation and leaf traits in seedlings of a wide range of woody plant species and types
    • Cornelissen JHC, Werger MJA, van Rheenen JWA, Castro-Díez P, Rowland P. 1997. Foliar nutrients in relation to growth, allocation and leaf traits in seedlings of a wide range of woody plant species and types. Oecologia 111: 460-469.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.111 , pp. 460-469
    • Cornelissen, J.H.C.1    Werger, M.J.A.2    van Rheenen, J.W.A.3    Castro-Díez, P.4    Rowland, P.5
  • 27
    • 32444442784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foliar pH as a new plant trait: Can it explain variation in foliar chemistry and carbon cycling processes among subarctic plant species and types?
    • Cornelissen JHC, Quested HM, van Logtestijn RSP, Pérez- Harguindeguy N, Gwynn-Jones D, Díaz S, et al. 2006. Foliar pH as a new plant trait: can it explain variation in foliar chemistry and carbon cycling processes among subarctic plant species and types? Oecologia 147: 315-326.
    • (2006) Oecologia , vol.147 , pp. 315-326
    • Cornelissen, J.H.C.1    Quested, H.M.2    van Logtestijn, R.S.P.3    Pérez- Harguindeguy, N.4    Gwynn-Jones, D.5    Díaz, S.6
  • 28
    • 0003306292 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the biotic factors determining the rates of plant decomposition on blanket bog
    • Coulson JC, Butterfield J. 1978. An investigation of the biotic factors determining the rates of plant decomposition on blanket bog. Journal of Ecology 66: 984-994.
    • (1978) Journal of Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 984-994
    • Coulson, J.C.1    Butterfield, J.2
  • 29
    • 0038078249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of hair lichens (Alectoria sarmentosa and Bryoria spp.) under snowpack in montane forest, Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia
    • Coxson DS, Curteanu M. 2002. Decomposition of hair lichens (Alectoria sarmentosa and Bryoria spp.) under snowpack in montane forest, Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia. Lichenologist 34: 395-401.
    • (2002) Lichenologist , vol.34 , pp. 395-401
    • Coxson, D.S.1    Curteanu, M.2
  • 30
    • 0034979736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationships among root and leaf traits of 76 grassland species and relative abundance along fertility and disturbance gradients
    • Craine JM, Froehle J, Tilman DG, Wedin DA, Chapin FS. 2001. The relationships among root and leaf traits of 76 grassland species and relative abundance along fertility and disturbance gradients. Oikos 93: 274-285.
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.93 , pp. 274-285
    • Craine, J.M.1    Froehle, J.2    Tilman, D.G.3    Wedin, D.A.4    Chapin, F.S.5
  • 31
    • 0002385504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Crandall-Stotler B, Stotler RE. 2000. Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 21-70.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 21-70
    • Crandall-Stotler, B.1    Stotler, R.E.2
  • 32
    • 0002319025 scopus 로고
    • The role of lichens in the nitrogen economy of subarctic woodlands: Nitrogen loss from the nitrogen-fixing lichen Stereocaulon paschale during rainfall
    • Lee JA, McNeill S, Rorison IH, eds, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publishers
    • Crittenden PD. 1983. The role of lichens in the nitrogen economy of subarctic woodlands: nitrogen loss from the nitrogen-fixing lichen Stereocaulon paschale during rainfall. In: Lee JA, McNeill S, Rorison IH, eds. Nitrogen as an ecological factor. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publishers, 43-68.
    • (1983) Nitrogen as an ecological factor , pp. 43-68
    • Crittenden, P.D.1
  • 33
    • 0036160665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth, nitrogen uptake, and resource allocation in the two tripartite lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera aphthosa during nitrogen stress
    • Dahlman L, Näsholm T, Palmqvist K. 2002. Growth, nitrogen uptake, and resource allocation in the two tripartite lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera aphthosa during nitrogen stress. New Phytologist 153: 307-315.
    • (2002) New Phytologist , vol.153 , pp. 307-315
    • Dahlman, L.1    Näsholm, T.2    Palmqvist, K.3
  • 34
    • 3543051867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic and inorganic nitrogen uptake in lichens
    • Dahlman L, Persson J, Palmqvist K, Näsholm T. 2004. Organic and inorganic nitrogen uptake in lichens. Planta 219: 459-467.
    • (2004) Planta , vol.219 , pp. 459-467
    • Dahlman, L.1    Persson, J.2    Palmqvist, K.3    Näsholm, T.4
  • 35
    • 0010631994 scopus 로고
    • A new nitrogen-fixing Cyanophyte-Hepatic association: Nostoc and Porella
    • Dalton DA, Chatfield JM. 1987. A new nitrogen-fixing Cyanophyte-Hepatic association: Nostoc and Porella. American Journal of Botany 72: 781-784.
    • (1987) American Journal of Botany , vol.72 , pp. 781-784
    • Dalton, D.A.1    Chatfield, J.M.2
  • 36
    • 0028180943 scopus 로고
    • Food plant selection by reindeer during winter in relation to plant quality
    • Danell K, Utsi PM, Palo RT, Eriksson O. 1994. Food plant selection by reindeer during winter in relation to plant quality. Ecography 17: 153-158.
    • (1994) Ecography , vol.17 , pp. 153-158
    • Danell, K.1    Utsi, P.M.2    Palo, R.T.3    Eriksson, O.4
  • 39
    • 0002612351 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis, respiration and water content in bryophytes
    • Dilks TJK, Proctor MCF. 1979. Photosynthesis, respiration and water content in bryophytes. New Phytologist 82: 97-114.
    • (1979) New Phytologist , vol.82 , pp. 97-114
    • Dilks, T.J.K.1    Proctor, M.C.F.2
  • 40
    • 0842269805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer warming and increased winter snow cover affect Sphagnum fuscum growth, structure and production in a sub-arctic bog
    • Dorrepaal E, Aerts R, Cornelissen JHC, Callaghan TV, Van Logtestijn RSP. 2004. Summer warming and increased winter snow cover affect Sphagnum fuscum growth, structure and production in a sub-arctic bog. Global Change Biology 10: 93-104.
    • (2004) Global Change Biology , vol.10 , pp. 93-104
    • Dorrepaal, E.1    Aerts, R.2    Cornelissen, J.H.C.3    Callaghan, T.V.4    Van Logtestijn, R.S.P.5
  • 41
    • 27644574004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are growth forms consistent predictors of leaf litter quality and decomposability across peatlands along a latitudinal gradient?
    • Dorrepaal E, Cornelissen JHC, Aerts R, Wallén B, van Logtestijn RSP. 2005. Are growth forms consistent predictors of leaf litter quality and decomposability across peatlands along a latitudinal gradient? Journal of Ecology 93: 817-828.
    • (2005) Journal of Ecology , vol.93 , pp. 817-828
    • Dorrepaal, E.1    Cornelissen, J.H.C.2    Aerts, R.3    Wallén, B.4    van Logtestijn, R.S.P.5
  • 44
    • 16244402990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolomics: Current analytical platforms and methodologies
    • Dunn WB, Ellis DI. 2005. Metabolomics: current analytical platforms and methodologies. TRAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry 24: 285-294.
    • (2005) TRAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry , vol.24 , pp. 285-294
    • Dunn, W.B.1    Ellis, D.I.2
  • 46
    • 0034123840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen retention by Hylocomium splendens in a subarctic birch woodland
    • Eckstein RL. 2000. Nitrogen retention by Hylocomium splendens in a subarctic birch woodland. Journal of Ecology 88: 506-515.
    • (2000) Journal of Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 506-515
    • Eckstein, R.L.1
  • 47
    • 0032801451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf lifespan and nutrient resorption as determinants of plant nutrient conservation in temperate-arctic regions
    • Eckstein RL, Karlsson PS, Weih M. 1999. Leaf lifespan and nutrient resorption as determinants of plant nutrient conservation in temperate-arctic regions. New Phytologist 143: 177-189.
    • (1999) New Phytologist , vol.143 , pp. 177-189
    • Eckstein, R.L.1    Karlsson, P.S.2    Weih, M.3
  • 48
    • 0002662536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and secondary metabolites
    • Nash TH III, ed, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Elix JA. 1996. Biochemistry and secondary metabolites. In: Nash TH III, ed., Lichen biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 154-180.
    • (1996) Lichen biology , pp. 154-180
    • Elix, J.A.1
  • 50
    • 0027458223 scopus 로고
    • Impact of carpets of the invasive moss Campylopus introflexus on Calluna vulgaris regeneration
    • Equihua M, Usher MB. 1993. Impact of carpets of the invasive moss Campylopus introflexus on Calluna vulgaris regeneration. Journal of Ecology 81: 359-365.
    • (1993) Journal of Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 359-365
    • Equihua, M.1    Usher, M.B.2
  • 51
    • 0032214460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass loss of epiphytic lichen litter in a boreal forest
    • Esseen PA, Renhorn KE. 1998. Mass loss of epiphytic lichen litter in a boreal forest. Annales Botanici Fennici 35: 211-217.
    • (1998) Annales Botanici Fennici , vol.35 , pp. 211-217
    • Esseen, P.A.1    Renhorn, K.E.2
  • 52
    • 0842279811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional matrix: A conceptual framework for predicting multiple plant effects on ecosystem processes
    • Eviner VT, Chapin FS. 2003. Functional matrix: a conceptual framework for predicting multiple plant effects on ecosystem processes. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 34: 455-485.
    • (2003) Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics , vol.34 , pp. 455-485
    • Eviner, V.T.1    Chapin, F.S.2
  • 53
    • 0027963041 scopus 로고
    • Secondary biochemistry of lichens
    • Fahselt D. 1994. Secondary biochemistry of lichens. Symbiosis 16: 117-165.
    • (1994) Symbiosis , vol.16 , pp. 117-165
    • Fahselt, D.1
  • 54
    • 0002634682 scopus 로고
    • The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants
    • Givnish TJ, ed, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Field C, Mooney HA. 1986. The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants. In: Givnish TJ, ed. On the economy of plant form and function. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 25-55.
    • (1986) On the economy of plant form and function , pp. 25-55
    • Field, C.1    Mooney, H.A.2
  • 55
    • 0000066987 scopus 로고
    • Canopy lichens with blue-green algae: A nitrogen source in a Colombian rainforest
    • Forman RTT. 1975. Canopy lichens with blue-green algae: a nitrogen source in a Colombian rainforest. Ecology 56: 1176-1184.
    • (1975) Ecology , vol.56 , pp. 1176-1184
    • Forman, R.T.T.1
  • 56
    • 33745100511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen utilization by Hylocomium splendens in a boreal forest fertilization experiment
    • Forsum A, Dahlman L, Nasholm T, Nordin A. 2006. Nitrogen utilization by Hylocomium splendens in a boreal forest fertilization experiment. Functional Ecology 20: 421-426.
    • (2006) Functional Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 421-426
    • Forsum, A.1    Dahlman, L.2    Nasholm, T.3    Nordin, A.4
  • 57
    • 4243172290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments of commercial products from bryophytes
    • Frahm J-P. 2004. Recent developments of commercial products from bryophytes. The Bryologist 107: 277-283.
    • (2004) The Bryologist , vol.107 , pp. 277-283
    • Frahm, J.-P.1
  • 58
    • 0020382387 scopus 로고
    • Growth rate and temperature responses in bryophytes. II. A comparative study of species of contrasted ecology
    • Furness SB, Grime JP. 1982. Growth rate and temperature responses in bryophytes. II. A comparative study of species of contrasted ecology. Journal of Ecology 70: 525-536.
    • (1982) Journal of Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 525-536
    • Furness, S.B.1    Grime, J.P.2
  • 59
    • 84975021535 scopus 로고
    • The pH-lowering ability of Sphagnum magellanicum Brid
    • Gagnon ZE, Glime JM. 1992. The pH-lowering ability of Sphagnum magellanicum Brid. Journal of Bryology 17: 47-57.
    • (1992) Journal of Bryology , vol.17 , pp. 47-57
    • Gagnon, Z.E.1    Glime, J.M.2
  • 60
    • 2342510152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ammonium uptake in the nitrophytic lichen Xanthoria parietina and its effects on vitality and balance between symbionts
    • Gaio-Oliveira G, Dahlman L, Palmqvist K, Maguas C. 2004. Ammonium uptake in the nitrophytic lichen Xanthoria parietina and its effects on vitality and balance between symbionts. Lichenologist 36: 75-86.
    • (2004) Lichenologist , vol.36 , pp. 75-86
    • Gaio-Oliveira, G.1    Dahlman, L.2    Palmqvist, K.3    Maguas, C.4
  • 61
    • 32144436148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of simulated reindeer grazing on the re-growth capacity of mat-forming lichens
    • Gaio-Oliveira G, Moen J, Danell Ö, Palmqvist K. 2006. Effect of simulated reindeer grazing on the re-growth capacity of mat-forming lichens. Basic and Applied Ecology 7: 109-121.
    • (2006) Basic and Applied Ecology , vol.7 , pp. 109-121
    • Gaio-Oliveira, G.1    Moen, J.2    Danell, O.3    Palmqvist, K.4
  • 62
    • 0002834061 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the toxicity of several lichen acids: Effects of pH and lichen acid concentration
    • Gardner CR, Mueller DMJ. 1981. Factors affecting the toxicity of several lichen acids: effects of pH and lichen acid concentration. American Journal of Botany 68: 87-95.
    • (1981) American Journal of Botany , vol.68 , pp. 87-95
    • Gardner, C.R.1    Mueller, D.M.J.2
  • 63
    • 1442265416 scopus 로고
    • Chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of lichens
    • Garmo TH. 1986. Chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of lichens. Rangifer 6: 8-13.
    • (1986) Rangifer , vol.6 , pp. 8-13
    • Garmo, T.H.1
  • 64
    • 0034797990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A standardized protocol for the determination of specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content
    • Garnier E, Shipley B, Roumet C, Laurent G. 2001. A standardized protocol for the determination of specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content. Functional Ecology 15: 688-695.
    • (2001) Functional Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 688-695
    • Garnier, E.1    Shipley, B.2    Roumet, C.3    Laurent, G.4
  • 65
    • 5344221650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant functional markers capture ecosystem properties during secondary succession
    • Garnier E, Cortez J, Billes G, Navas ML, Roumet C, Debussche M et al. 2004. Plant functional markers capture ecosystem properties during secondary succession. Ecology 85: 2630-2637.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 2630-2637
    • Garnier, E.1    Cortez, J.2    Billes, G.3    Navas, M.L.4    Roumet, C.5    Debussche, M.6
  • 66
    • 15244355142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen palatability depends on investments in herbivore defence
    • Gauslaa Y. 2005. Lichen palatability depends on investments in herbivore defence. Oecologia 143: 94-105.
    • (2005) Oecologia , vol.143 , pp. 94-105
    • Gauslaa, Y.1
  • 67
    • 84972102713 scopus 로고
    • Lichen-arthropod associations
    • Gerson U. 1973. Lichen-arthropod associations. Lichenologist 5: 434-443.
    • (1973) Lichenologist , vol.5 , pp. 434-443
    • Gerson, U.1
  • 68
    • 0002816133 scopus 로고
    • Lichen - invertebrate associations
    • Seaward MRD, ed, London: Academic Press
    • Gerson U, Seaward MRD. 1977. Lichen - invertebrate associations. In: Seaward MRD, ed. Lichen ecology. London: Academic Press, 69-119.
    • (1977) Lichen ecology , pp. 69-119
    • Gerson, U.1    Seaward, M.R.D.2
  • 69
    • 32044459048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bryophytes and herbivory
    • Glime JM. 2006. Bryophytes and herbivory. Cryptogamie Bryologie 27: 191-203.
    • (2006) Cryptogamie Bryologie , vol.27 , pp. 191-203
    • Glime, J.M.1
  • 70
    • 0020343733 scopus 로고
    • The effects of bryophytes on succession from alkaline marsh to Sphagnum bog
    • Glime JM, Wetzel RG, Kennedy BJ. 1982. The effects of bryophytes on succession from alkaline marsh to Sphagnum bog. American Midland Naturalist 108: 209-223.
    • (1982) American Midland Naturalist , vol.108 , pp. 209-223
    • Glime, J.M.1    Wetzel, R.G.2    Kennedy, B.J.3
  • 71
    • 0035084522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of increased nitrogen supply on high Arctic heath: The importance of bryophytes and phosphorus availability
    • Gordon C, Wynn JM, Woodin SJ. 2001. Impacts of increased nitrogen supply on high Arctic heath: the importance of bryophytes and phosphorus availability. New Phytologist 149: 461-471.
    • (2001) New Phytologist , vol.149 , pp. 461-471
    • Gordon, C.1    Wynn, J.M.2    Woodin, S.J.3
  • 72
    • 0026271247 scopus 로고
    • Northern peatlands: Role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to climatic warming
    • Gorham E. 1991. Northern peatlands: role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to climatic warming. Ecological Applications 1: 182-195.
    • (1991) Ecological Applications , vol.1 , pp. 182-195
    • Gorham, E.1
  • 73
    • 33645035752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighbor effects on germination, survival, and growth in two arctic tundra plant communities
    • Gough L. 2006. Neighbor effects on germination, survival, and growth in two arctic tundra plant communities. Ecography 29: 44-56.
    • (2006) Ecography , vol.29 , pp. 44-56
    • Gough, L.1
  • 76
    • 0002543352 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition studies on New Zealand and Antarctic lichens
    • Greenfield LG. 1993. Decomposition studies on New Zealand and Antarctic lichens. Lichenologist 25: 73-82.
    • (1993) Lichenologist , vol.25 , pp. 73-82
    • Greenfield, L.G.1
  • 78
    • 0000950678 scopus 로고
    • Relative growth rate: Its range and adaptive significance in a local flora
    • Grime JP, Hunt R. 1975. Relative growth rate: its range and adaptive significance in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 63: 393-422.
    • (1975) Journal of Ecology , vol.63 , pp. 393-422
    • Grime, J.P.1    Hunt, R.2
  • 81
    • 0001047404 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of species of Pseudocyphellaria and Sticta in a southern Chilean forest
    • Guzman G, Quilhot W, Galloway DJ. 1990. Decomposition of species of Pseudocyphellaria and Sticta in a southern Chilean forest. Lichenologist 22: 325-331.
    • (1990) Lichenologist , vol.22 , pp. 325-331
    • Guzman, G.1    Quilhot, W.2    Galloway, D.J.3
  • 82
    • 0003150674 scopus 로고
    • Growth
    • Ahmadjian V, Hale ME eds, New York: Academic Press
    • Hale ME. 1973. Growth. In: Ahmadjian V, Hale ME eds. The lichens. New York: Academic Press, 473-492.
    • (1973) The lichens , pp. 473-492
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 84
    • 2442612226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heijmans MMPD, Arp WJ, Chapin FS. 2004. Controls on moss evaporation in a boreal black spruce forest. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: pGB2004 APR 15.
    • Heijmans MMPD, Arp WJ, Chapin FS. 2004. Controls on moss evaporation in a boreal black spruce forest. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: pGB2004 APR 15.
  • 85
    • 0021027498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of winter grazing by reindeer on vegetation
    • Helle T, Aspi J. 1983. Effects of winter grazing by reindeer on vegetation. Oikos 40: 337-343.
    • (1983) Oikos , vol.40 , pp. 337-343
    • Helle, T.1    Aspi, J.2
  • 86
    • 0023558049 scopus 로고
    • Biological dinitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) exhibited by bluegreen algae (Cyanobacteria) in association with mosses gathered on Surtsey, Iceland
    • Henriksson E, Henriksson LE, Norrman JO, Nyman PO. 1987. Biological dinitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) exhibited by bluegreen algae (Cyanobacteria) in association with mosses gathered on Surtsey, Iceland. Arctic and Alpine Research 19: 432-436.
    • (1987) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.19 , pp. 432-436
    • Henriksson, E.1    Henriksson, L.E.2    Norrman, J.O.3    Nyman, P.O.4
  • 88
    • 0030404522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature and plant species control over litter decomposition in Alaskan tundra
    • Hobbie SE. 1996. Temperature and plant species control over litter decomposition in Alaskan tundra. Ecological Monographs 66: 503-522.
    • (1996) Ecological Monographs , vol.66 , pp. 503-522
    • Hobbie, S.E.1
  • 89
    • 0032947814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant responses to species removal and experimental warming in Alaskan tussock tundra
    • Hobbie SE, Shevtsova A, Chapin FS III. 1999. Plant responses to species removal and experimental warming in Alaskan tussock tundra. Oikos 84: 417-434.
    • (1999) Oikos , vol.84 , pp. 417-434
    • Hobbie, S.E.1    Shevtsova, A.2    Chapin III, F.S.3
  • 90
    • 0033056129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allocating C-S-R plant functional types: A soft approach to a hard problem
    • Hodgson JG, Wilson PJ, Hunt R, Grime JP, Thompson K. 1999. Allocating C-S-R plant functional types: a soft approach to a hard problem. Oikos 85: 282-294.
    • (1999) Oikos , vol.85 , pp. 282-294
    • Hodgson, J.G.1    Wilson, P.J.2    Hunt, R.3    Grime, J.P.4    Thompson, K.5
  • 91
  • 92
    • 0142122834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient fluxes in stemflow and throughfall in three successional stages of an upper montane rain forest in Costa Rica
    • Hölscher D, Köhler L, Leuschner C, Kappelle M. 2003. Nutrient fluxes in stemflow and throughfall in three successional stages of an upper montane rain forest in Costa Rica. Journal of Tropical Ecology 19: 557-565.
    • (2003) Journal of Tropical Ecology , vol.19 , pp. 557-565
    • Hölscher, D.1    Köhler, L.2    Leuschner, C.3    Kappelle, M.4
  • 94
    • 0031285320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Components of relative growth rate and their interrelation in 59 British plant species
    • Hunt R, Cornelissen JHC. 1997. Components of relative growth rate and their interrelation in 59 British plant species. New Phytologist 135: 395-417.
    • (1997) New Phytologist , vol.135 , pp. 395-417
    • Hunt, R.1    Cornelissen, J.H.C.2
  • 95
    • 17644447607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P-33 translocation in the thallus of the mat-forming lichen Cladonia portentosa
    • Hyvarinen M, Crittenden PD. 2000. P-33 translocation in the thallus of the mat-forming lichen Cladonia portentosa. New Phytologist 145: 281-288.
    • (2000) New Phytologist , vol.145 , pp. 281-288
    • Hyvarinen, M.1    Crittenden, P.D.2
  • 96
    • 0000243255 scopus 로고
    • Decay and its regulation in Sphagnum peatlands
    • Johnson LC, Damman AWH. 1993. Decay and its regulation in Sphagnum peatlands. Advances in Bryology 5: 249-296.
    • (1993) Advances in Bryology , vol.5 , pp. 249-296
    • Johnson, L.C.1    Damman, A.W.H.2
  • 97
    • 0029821559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field measurements of photosynthesis of umbilicarious lichens in winter
    • Kappen L, Schroeter B, Hestmark G, Winkler JB. 1996. Field measurements of photosynthesis of umbilicarious lichens in winter. Botanica Acta 109: 292-298.
    • (1996) Botanica Acta , vol.109 , pp. 292-298
    • Kappen, L.1    Schroeter, B.2    Hestmark, G.3    Winkler, J.B.4
  • 99
    • 0022202037 scopus 로고
    • Effects of bryophytes on seedling emergence and establishment of short-lived forbs in chalk grasslands
    • Keizer PJ, van Tooren BF, During HJ. 1985. Effects of bryophytes on seedling emergence and establishment of short-lived forbs in chalk grasslands. Journal of Ecology 73: 493-504.
    • (1985) Journal of Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 493-504
    • Keizer, P.J.1    van Tooren, B.F.2    During, H.J.3
  • 101
    • 0002861212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of free amino acids in the nitrogen economy of arctic cryptogams
    • Kielland K. 1997. Role of free amino acids in the nitrogen economy of arctic cryptogams. Écoscience 4: 75-79.
    • (1997) Écoscience , vol.4 , pp. 75-79
    • Kielland, K.1
  • 102
    • 0030404882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of epiphytic lichens on the nutrient cycling of an oak woodland
    • Knops JMH, Nash TH, Schlesinger WH. 1996. The influence of epiphytic lichens on the nutrient cycling of an oak woodland. Ecological Monographs 66: 159-179.
    • (1996) Ecological Monographs , vol.66 , pp. 159-179
    • Knops, J.M.H.1    Nash, T.H.2    Schlesinger, W.H.3
  • 103
    • 0028160259 scopus 로고
    • The acidification capacity of wetland bryophytes as influenced by simulated clean and polluted rain
    • Kooijman AM, Bakker C. 1994. The acidification capacity of wetland bryophytes as influenced by simulated clean and polluted rain. Aquatic Botany 48: 133-144.
    • (1994) Aquatic Botany , vol.48 , pp. 133-144
    • Kooijman, A.M.1    Bakker, C.2
  • 105
    • 0034888118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen fixation rates of Stereocaulon vulcani on young Hawaiian lava flows
    • Kurina LM, Vitousek PM. 2001. Nitrogen fixation rates of Stereocaulon vulcani on young Hawaiian lava flows. Biogeochemistry 55: 179-194.
    • (2001) Biogeochemistry , vol.55 , pp. 179-194
    • Kurina, L.M.1    Vitousek, P.M.2
  • 106
    • 1942441723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life strategies and adaptations in bryophytes from the Near and Middle East
    • Kürschner H. 2004. Life strategies and adaptations in bryophytes from the Near and Middle East. Turkish Journal of Botany 28: 73-84.
    • (2004) Turkish Journal of Botany , vol.28 , pp. 73-84
    • Kürschner, H.1
  • 107
    • 77956829221 scopus 로고
    • Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: A search for physiological causes and ecological consequences
    • Lambers H, Poorter H. 1992. Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. Advances in Ecological Research 23: 188-242.
    • (1992) Advances in Ecological Research , vol.23 , pp. 188-242
    • Lambers, H.1    Poorter, H.2
  • 108
    • 0035342316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking plants to rocks: Ectomycorrhizal fungi mobilize nutrients from minerals
    • Landeweert R, Hoffland E, Finlay RD, Kuyper TW, van Breemen N. 2001. Linking plants to rocks: ectomycorrhizal fungi mobilize nutrients from minerals. TREE 16: 248-254.
    • (2001) TREE , vol.16 , pp. 248-254
    • Landeweert, R.1    Hoffland, E.2    Finlay, R.D.3    Kuyper, T.W.4    van Breemen, N.5
  • 111
    • 0036791340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting changes in community composition and ecosystem functioning from plant traits: Revisiting the Holy Grail
    • Lavorel S, Garnier E. 2002. Predicting changes in community composition and ecosystem functioning from plant traits: revisiting the Holy Grail. Functional Ecology 16: 545-556.
    • (2002) Functional Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 545-556
    • Lavorel, S.1    Garnier, E.2
  • 112
    • 0008058094 scopus 로고
    • Correlations between lichen secondary chemistry and grazing activity by Pallifera varia
    • Lawrey JD. 1980. Correlations between lichen secondary chemistry and grazing activity by Pallifera varia. The Bryologist 83: 328-334.
    • (1980) The Bryologist , vol.83 , pp. 328-334
    • Lawrey, J.D.1
  • 113
    • 0020871218 scopus 로고
    • Lichen herbivory preference: A test of two hypotheses
    • Lawrey JD. 1983. Lichen herbivory preference: a test of two hypotheses. American Journal of Botany 70: 1188-1194.
    • (1983) American Journal of Botany , vol.70 , pp. 1188-1194
    • Lawrey, J.D.1
  • 115
    • 0009885702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf litter decomposition of canopy trees, bamboo and moss in a montane moist evergreen broad-leaved forest on Ailao Mountain, Yunnan, south-west China
    • Liu WY, Fox JED, Xu ZF. 2000. Leaf litter decomposition of canopy trees, bamboo and moss in a montane moist evergreen broad-leaved forest on Ailao Mountain, Yunnan, south-west China. Ecological Research 15: 435-447.
    • (2000) Ecological Research , vol.15 , pp. 435-447
    • Liu, W.Y.1    Fox, J.E.D.2    Xu, Z.F.3
  • 116
    • 0345014887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How quality affects mass loss and N loss from decomposing Sphagnum
    • Limpens J, Berendse F. 2003. How quality affects mass loss and N loss from decomposing Sphagnum. Oikos 103: 537-547.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.103 , pp. 537-547
    • Limpens, J.1    Berendse, F.2
  • 118
    • 0002351280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of bryophytes and lichens in polar ecosystems
    • Woodin SJ, Marquiss M, eds, Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd
    • Longton RE. 1997. The role of bryophytes and lichens in polar ecosystems. In: Woodin SJ, Marquiss M, eds. Ecology of arctic environments. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd, 69-96.
    • (1997) Ecology of arctic environments , pp. 69-96
    • Longton, R.E.1
  • 119
    • 0028981669 scopus 로고
    • Testing predictions of resistance and resilience of vegetation subjected to extreme events
    • ISP Team
    • MacGillivray CW, Grime JP, ISP Team. 1995. Testing predictions of resistance and resilience of vegetation subjected to extreme events. Functional Ecology 9: 640-649.
    • (1995) Functional Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 640-649
    • MacGillivray, C.W.1    Grime, J.P.2
  • 120
    • 0000527672 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between Sphagnum mosses and field layer vascular plants in the development of peat-forming systems
    • Malmer N, Svensson BM, Wallén B. 1994. Interactions between Sphagnum mosses and field layer vascular plants in the development of peat-forming systems. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica (Prague) 29: 483-496.
    • (1994) Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica (Prague) , vol.29 , pp. 483-496
    • Malmer, N.1    Svensson, B.M.2    Wallén, B.3
  • 121
    • 0003182816 scopus 로고
    • Chemical constituents of the bryophytes
    • Rienhold L, Harborne JB, Swaine T, eds, Oxford: Pergamom Press
    • Markham KR, Porter LJ. 1978. Chemical constituents of the bryophytes. In: Rienhold L, Harborne JB, Swaine T, eds., Progress in phytochemistry. Oxford: Pergamom Press, 181-272.
    • (1978) Progress in phytochemistry , pp. 181-272
    • Markham, K.R.1    Porter, L.J.2
  • 122
    • 8344285636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are bryophytes shade plants? Photosynthetic light responses and proportions of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids
    • Marschall M, Proctor MCF. 2004. Are bryophytes shade plants? Photosynthetic light responses and proportions of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids. Annals of Botany 94: 593-603.
    • (2004) Annals of Botany , vol.94 , pp. 593-603
    • Marschall, M.1    Proctor, M.C.F.2
  • 123
    • 0038477076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen fixation in bryophytes, lichens, and decaying wood along a soil-age gradient in Hawaiian montane rain forest
    • Matzek V, Vitousek P. 2003. Nitrogen fixation in bryophytes, lichens, and decaying wood along a soil-age gradient in Hawaiian montane rain forest. Biotropica 35: 12-19.
    • (2003) Biotropica , vol.35 , pp. 12-19
    • Matzek, V.1    Vitousek, P.2
  • 124
    • 0028105525 scopus 로고
    • Consumption and decomposition of lichen litter in a temperate coniferous rainforest
    • McCune B, Daly WJ. 1994. Consumption and decomposition of lichen litter in a temperate coniferous rainforest. The Lichenologist 26: 67-71.
    • (1994) The Lichenologist , vol.26 , pp. 67-71
    • McCune, B.1    Daly, W.J.2
  • 125
  • 126
    • 0021545613 scopus 로고
    • Litter decomposition in a subarctic spruce-lichen woodland, Eastern Canada
    • Moore TR. 1984. Litter decomposition in a subarctic spruce-lichen woodland, Eastern Canada. Ecology 65: 299-308.
    • (1984) Ecology , vol.65 , pp. 299-308
    • Moore, T.R.1
  • 127
    • 0001953788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical constituents and biochemistry
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Mues R. 2000. Chemical constituents and biochemistry. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 150-181.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 150-181
    • Mues, R.1
  • 129
    • 0021532556 scopus 로고
    • Epiphyte biomass and nutrient capital of a neotropical elfin forest
    • Nadkarni NM. 1984. Epiphyte biomass and nutrient capital of a neotropical elfin forest. Biotropica 16: 249-256.
    • (1984) Biotropica , vol.16 , pp. 249-256
    • Nadkarni, N.M.1
  • 130
    • 0002596733 scopus 로고
    • The nutritional effects of epiphytes on host trees with special reference to alteration of precipitation chemistry
    • Nadkarni NM. 1986. The nutritional effects of epiphytes on host trees with special reference to alteration of precipitation chemistry. Selbyana 9: 44-51.
    • (1986) Selbyana , vol.9 , pp. 44-51
    • Nadkarni, N.M.1
  • 131
    • 0030620281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of the mass loss rate of moss litter in boreal and subalpine forests in relation to temperature
    • Nakatsubo T, Uchida M, Horikoshi T, Nakane K. 1997. Comparative study of the mass loss rate of moss litter in boreal and subalpine forests in relation to temperature. Ecological Research 12: 47-54.
    • (1997) Ecological Research , vol.12 , pp. 47-54
    • Nakatsubo, T.1    Uchida, M.2    Horikoshi, T.3    Nakane, K.4
  • 132
    • 0002825471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen, its metabolism and potential contribution to ecosystems
    • Nash III, TH ed, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Nash III TH. 1996. Nitrogen, its metabolism and potential contribution to ecosystems. In: Nash III, TH ed. Lichen biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 121-135.
    • (1996) Lichen biology , pp. 121-135
    • Nash III, T.H.1
  • 134
    • 3843105724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lichens Xanthoria elegans and Cetraria islandica maintain a high protection against UV-B radiation in Arctic habitats
    • Nybakken L, Solhaug KA, Bilger W, Gauslaa Y. 2004. The lichens Xanthoria elegans and Cetraria islandica maintain a high protection against UV-B radiation in Arctic habitats. Oecologia 140: 211-216.
    • (2004) Oecologia , vol.140 , pp. 211-216
    • Nybakken, L.1    Solhaug, K.A.2    Bilger, W.3    Gauslaa, Y.4
  • 135
    • 11144339418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile
    • Oyarzún CE, Godoy R, De Schrijver A, Staelens J, Lust N. 2004. Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile. Biogeochemistry 71: 107-123.
    • (2004) Biogeochemistry , vol.71 , pp. 107-123
    • Oyarzún, C.E.1    Godoy, R.2    De Schrijver, A.3    Staelens, J.4    Lust, N.5
  • 136
    • 0033784368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon economy in lichens
    • Palmqvist K. 2000. Carbon economy in lichens. New Phytologist 148: 11-36.
    • (2000) New Phytologist , vol.148 , pp. 11-36
    • Palmqvist, K.1
  • 137
    • 33745190939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of the green algal foliose lichen Platismatia glauca to increased nitrogen supply
    • Palmqvist K, Dahlman L. 2006. Responses of the green algal foliose lichen Platismatia glauca to increased nitrogen supply. New Phytologist 171: 343-356.
    • (2006) New Phytologist , vol.171 , pp. 343-356
    • Palmqvist, K.1    Dahlman, L.2
  • 139
    • 9244251592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of nitrate and ammonium on three fen bryophyte species in relation to pollutant nitrogen input
    • Paulissen MPCP, van der Ven PJM, Dees AJ, Bobbink R. 2004. Differential effects of nitrate and ammonium on three fen bryophyte species in relation to pollutant nitrogen input. New Phytologist 164: 451-458.
    • (2004) New Phytologist , vol.164 , pp. 451-458
    • Paulissen, M.P.C.P.1    van der Ven, P.J.M.2    Dees, A.J.3    Bobbink, R.4
  • 140
    • 0035136851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for positive density-dependent performance in four bryophyte species
    • Pedersen B, Hanslin HM, Bakken S. 2001. Testing for positive density-dependent performance in four bryophyte species. Ecology 82: 70-88.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 70-88
    • Pedersen, B.1    Hanslin, H.M.2    Bakken, S.3
  • 141
    • 0001081531 scopus 로고
    • The epiphytic biomass and its effect on the water balance of two rain forest types in the Uluguru Mountains (Tanzania, East Africa)
    • Pócs T. 1980. The epiphytic biomass and its effect on the water balance of two rain forest types in the Uluguru Mountains (Tanzania, East Africa). Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 26: 143-167.
    • (1980) Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae , vol.26 , pp. 143-167
    • Pócs, T.1
  • 142
    • 0001679788 scopus 로고
    • Carbon and nitrogen economy of 24 wild species differing in relative growth rate
    • Poorter H, Remkes C, Lambers H. 1990. Carbon and nitrogen economy of 24 wild species differing in relative growth rate. Plant Physiology 94: 621-627.
    • (1990) Plant Physiology , vol.94 , pp. 621-627
    • Poorter, H.1    Remkes, C.2    Lambers, H.3
  • 143
    • 33644597747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stocks, chemistry, and sensitivity to climate change of dead organic matter along the Canadian boreal forest transect case study
    • Preston CM, Bhatti JS, Flanagan LB, Norris C. 2006. Stocks, chemistry, and sensitivity to climate change of dead organic matter along the Canadian boreal forest transect case study. Climatic Change 74: 223-251.
    • (2006) Climatic Change , vol.74 , pp. 223-251
    • Preston, C.M.1    Bhatti, J.S.2    Flanagan, L.B.3    Norris, C.4
  • 144
    • 0002475977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological ecology
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Proctor MCF. 2000. Physiological ecology. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 225-247.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 225-247
    • Proctor, M.C.F.1
  • 145
  • 148
    • 0030621342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and vitality of epiphytic lichens I. Responses to microclimate along a forest edge-interior gradient
    • Renhorn KE, Esseen PA, Palmqvist K, Sundberg B. 1997. Growth and vitality of epiphytic lichens I. Responses to microclimate along a forest edge-interior gradient. Oecologia 109: 1-9.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.109 , pp. 1-9
    • Renhorn, K.E.1    Esseen, P.A.2    Palmqvist, K.3    Sundberg, B.4
  • 149
    • 17644368849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cushion size, surface roughness, and the control of water balance and carbon flux in the cushion moss Leucobryum glaucum (Leucobryaceae)
    • Rice SK, Schneider N. 2004. Cushion size, surface roughness, and the control of water balance and carbon flux in the cushion moss Leucobryum glaucum (Leucobryaceae). American Journal of Botany 91: 1164-1172.
    • (2004) American Journal of Botany , vol.91 , pp. 1164-1172
    • Rice, S.K.1    Schneider, N.2
  • 150
    • 0002904867 scopus 로고
    • Lichens and vertebrates
    • Seaward MRD, ed, London: Academic Press
    • Richardson DHS, Young CM. 1977. Lichens and vertebrates. In: Seaward MRD, ed. Lichen ecology. London: Academic Press, 121-144.
    • (1977) Lichen ecology , pp. 121-144
    • Richardson, D.H.S.1    Young, C.M.2
  • 152
    • 0030759313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth reconstruction and photosynthesis of aquatic mosses: Influence of light, temperature and carbon dioxide at depth
    • Riis T, Sand-Jensen K. 1997. Growth reconstruction and photosynthesis of aquatic mosses: influence of light, temperature and carbon dioxide at depth. Journal of Ecology 85: 359-372.
    • (1997) Journal of Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 359-372
    • Riis, T.1    Sand-Jensen, K.2
  • 153
    • 0041105933 scopus 로고
    • Effects of initial shoot size on growth rates of five British grassland bryophytes
    • Rincon E. 1988. Effects of initial shoot size on growth rates of five British grassland bryophytes. Bryologist 91: 219-222.
    • (1988) Bryologist , vol.91 , pp. 219-222
    • Rincon, E.1
  • 154
    • 27544501258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved water retention links high species richness with increased productivity in arctic tundra moss communities
    • Rixen C, Mulder CPH. 2005. Improved water retention links high species richness with increased productivity in arctic tundra moss communities. Oecologia 146: 287-299.
    • (2005) Oecologia , vol.146 , pp. 287-299
    • Rixen, C.1    Mulder, C.P.H.2
  • 155
    • 0024910017 scopus 로고
    • Colonization, growth, and survival strategies of lichens on leaves in a subtropical rainforest
    • Rogers RW. 1989. Colonization, growth, and survival strategies of lichens on leaves in a subtropical rainforest. Australian Journal of Ecology 14: 327-333.
    • (1989) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.14 , pp. 327-333
    • Rogers, R.W.1
  • 156
    • 0002819816 scopus 로고
    • Ecological strategies of lichens
    • Rogers RW. 1990. Ecological strategies of lichens. Lichenologist 22: 149-162.
    • (1990) Lichenologist , vol.22 , pp. 149-162
    • Rogers, R.W.1
  • 157
    • 18244404614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of UV-B radiation in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems - an experimental and functional analysis of the evolution of UV-absorbing compounds
    • Rozema J, Björn LO, Bornman JF, Gaberscik A, Hader DP, Trost T et al. 2002. The role of UV-B radiation in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems - an experimental and functional analysis of the evolution of UV-absorbing compounds. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 66: 2-12.
    • (2002) Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B , vol.66 , pp. 2-12
    • Rozema, J.1    Björn, L.O.2    Bornman, J.F.3    Gaberscik, A.4    Hader, D.P.5    Trost, T.6
  • 158
    • 33750800504 scopus 로고
    • The ecological role of secondary lichen substances
    • Rundel PW. 1978. The ecological role of secondary lichen substances. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 6: 157-170.
    • (1978) Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 157-170
    • Rundel, P.W.1
  • 159
    • 0002283820 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of bryophyte growth. 1. Biomass (harvest) techniques
    • ed, Nichinan, Japan: Hattori Botanical Lab
    • Russell S. 1988. Measurement of bryophyte growth. 1. Biomass (harvest) techniques. In: Glime JM, ed. Methods in bryology. Nichinan, Japan: Hattori Botanical Lab, 249-257.
    • (1988) Methods in bryology , pp. 249-257
    • Russell, S.1
  • 161
    • 0035113572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in two mesotrophic fens differing in dominant plant species
    • Scheffer RA, van Logtestijn RSP, Verhoeven JTA. 2001. Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in two mesotrophic fens differing in dominant plant species. Oikos 92: 44-54.
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.92 , pp. 44-54
    • Scheffer, R.A.1    van Logtestijn, R.S.P.2    Verhoeven, J.T.A.3
  • 162
    • 0000047676 scopus 로고
    • Monitoring photosynthetic activity of crustose lichens using a PAM-2000 fluorescence system
    • Schroeter B, Green TGA, Seppelt RD, Kappen L. 1992. Monitoring photosynthetic activity of crustose lichens using a PAM-2000 fluorescence system. Oecologia 92: 457-462.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.92 , pp. 457-462
    • Schroeter, B.1    Green, T.G.A.2    Seppelt, R.D.3    Kappen, L.4
  • 164
    • 0037947436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichens and mosses promote alternate stable plant communities in the New Jersey Pinelands
    • Sedia EG, Ehrenfeld JG. 2003. Lichens and mosses promote alternate stable plant communities in the New Jersey Pinelands. Oikos 100: 447-458.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.100 , pp. 447-458
    • Sedia, E.G.1    Ehrenfeld, J.G.2
  • 165
    • 23844449013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of lichens, mosses and grasses on respiration and nitrogen mineralization in soils of the New Jersey Pinelands
    • Sedia EG, Ehrenfeld JG. 2005. Differential effects of lichens, mosses and grasses on respiration and nitrogen mineralization in soils of the New Jersey Pinelands. Oecologia 144: 137-147.
    • (2005) Oecologia , vol.144 , pp. 137-147
    • Sedia, E.G.1    Ehrenfeld, J.G.2
  • 166
    • 33751543952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of lichens and mosses on soil enzyme activity and litter decomposition
    • Sedia EG, Ehrenfeld JG. 2006. Differential effects of lichens and mosses on soil enzyme activity and litter decomposition. Biology and Fertility of Soils 43: 177-189.
    • (2006) Biology and Fertility of Soils , vol.43 , pp. 177-189
    • Sedia, E.G.1    Ehrenfeld, J.G.2
  • 167
    • 0003108366 scopus 로고
    • Moss functioning in different taiga ecosystems in interior Alaska. I. Seasonal, phenotypic, and drought effects on photosynthesis and response patterns
    • Skre O, Oechel WC. 1981. Moss functioning in different taiga ecosystems in interior Alaska. I. Seasonal, phenotypic, and drought effects on photosynthesis and response patterns. Oecologia 48: 50-59.
    • (1981) Oecologia , vol.48 , pp. 50-59
    • Skre, O.1    Oechel, W.C.2
  • 168
    • 0042244900 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of grass and moss litter in sub-antarctic tundra
    • Smith MJ, Walton DWH. 1986. Decomposition of grass and moss litter in sub-antarctic tundra. Pedobiologia 29: 193-200.
    • (1986) Pedobiologia , vol.29 , pp. 193-200
    • Smith, M.J.1    Walton, D.W.H.2
  • 169
    • 0034870579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetone rinsing - a method for testing ecological and physiological roles of secondary compounds in living lichens
    • Solhaug KA, Gauslaa Y. 2001. Acetone rinsing - a method for testing ecological and physiological roles of secondary compounds in living lichens. Symbiosis 30: 301-315.
    • (2001) Symbiosis , vol.30 , pp. 301-315
    • Solhaug, K.A.1    Gauslaa, Y.2
  • 170
    • 0029666841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen fixation in Arctic vegetation and soils from Svalbard, Norway
    • Solheim B, Endal A, Vigstad H. 1996. Nitrogen fixation in Arctic vegetation and soils from Svalbard, Norway. Polar Biology 16: 35-40.
    • (1996) Polar Biology , vol.16 , pp. 35-40
    • Solheim, B.1    Endal, A.2    Vigstad, H.3
  • 171
    • 0002949215 scopus 로고
    • 2 environment, microclimate and photosynthetic characteristics of the moss Hylocomium splendens in a subarctic habitat
    • 2 environment, microclimate and photosynthetic characteristics of the moss Hylocomium splendens in a subarctic habitat. Oecologia 92: 23-29.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.92 , pp. 23-29
    • Sonesson, M.1    Gehrke, C.2    Tjus, M.3
  • 172
    • 0030621345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and vitality of epiphytic lichens II. Modelling of carbon gain using field and laboratory data
    • Sundberg B, Palmqvist K, Esseen PA, Renhorn KE. 1997. Growth and vitality of epiphytic lichens II. Modelling of carbon gain using field and laboratory data. Oecologia 109: 10-18.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.109 , pp. 10-18
    • Sundberg, B.1    Palmqvist, K.2    Esseen, P.A.3    Renhorn, K.E.4
  • 174
    • 0002775432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bryogeography and conservation of bryophytes
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Tan BC, Pócs T. 2000. Bryogeography and conservation of bryophytes. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 403-448.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 403-448
    • Tan, B.C.1    Pócs, T.2
  • 176
    • 0033472607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of mycorrhizal links between plants in establishment of liverworts thalli in natural habitats
    • Turnau K, Ronikier M, Unrug J. 1999. Role of mycorrhizal links between plants in establishment of liverworts thalli in natural habitats. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 68: 63-68.
    • (1999) Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae , vol.68 , pp. 63-68
    • Turnau, K.1    Ronikier, M.2    Unrug, J.3
  • 178
    • 0002537486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative interactions in bryophyte populations
    • de Kroon H, van Groenendael J, eds, Leiden: Backhuys Publishers
    • Van der Hoeven EC, During HJ. 1997. Positive and negative interactions in bryophyte populations. In: de Kroon H, van Groenendael J, eds. The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Leiden: Backhuys Publishers, 291-310.
    • (1997) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants , pp. 291-310
    • Van der Hoeven, E.C.1    During, H.J.2
  • 179
    • 1342290142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mosses mediate grazer impacts on grass abundance in arctic ecosystems
    • Van der Wal R, Brooker RW. 2004. Mosses mediate grazer impacts on grass abundance in arctic ecosystems. Functional Ecology 18: 77-86.
    • (2004) Functional Ecology , vol.18 , pp. 77-86
    • Van der Wal, R.1    Brooker, R.W.2
  • 180
    • 0037504244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current measures of nutrient resorption efficiency lead to a substantial underestimation of real resorption efficiency: Facts and solutions
    • Van Heerwaarden LM, Toet S, Aerts R. 2003. Current measures of nutrient resorption efficiency lead to a substantial underestimation of real resorption efficiency: facts and solutions. Oikos 101: 664-669.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.101 , pp. 664-669
    • Van Heerwaarden, L.M.1    Toet, S.2    Aerts, R.3
  • 181
    • 84975001966 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of bryophyte material in 2 Dutch chalk grasslands
    • Van Tooren BF. 1988. Decomposition of bryophyte material in 2 Dutch chalk grasslands. Journal of Bryology 15: 343-352.
    • (1988) Journal of Bryology , vol.15 , pp. 343-352
    • Van Tooren, B.F.1
  • 182
    • 0842291540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term ecosystem level experiments in Toolik Lake, Alaska, and at Abisko, Northern Sweden: Generalisations and differences in ecosystem and plant type responses to global change
    • Van Wijk MT, Clemmensen KE, Shaver GR, Williams M, Callaghan TV, Chapin III FS, et al. 2004. Long-term ecosystem level experiments in Toolik Lake, Alaska, and at Abisko, Northern Sweden: generalisations and differences in ecosystem and plant type responses to global change. Global Change Biology 10: 105-123.
    • (2004) Global Change Biology , vol.10 , pp. 105-123
    • Van Wijk, M.T.1    Clemmensen, K.E.2    Shaver, G.R.3    Williams, M.4    Callaghan, T.V.5    Chapin III, F.S.6
  • 184
    • 0028993678 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in fens: Effect of litter quality and inhibition by living tissue homogenates
    • Verhoeven JTA, Toth E. 1995. Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in fens: effect of litter quality and inhibition by living tissue homogenates. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 27: 271-275.
    • (1995) Soil Biology and Biochemistry , vol.27 , pp. 271-275
    • Verhoeven, J.T.A.1    Toth, E.2
  • 185
    • 0002853389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peatlands: Ecosystems dominated by bryophytes
    • Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Vitt DH. 2000. Peatlands: ecosystems dominated by bryophytes. In: Shaw AJ, Goffinet B, eds. Bryophyte biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 312-343.
    • (2000) Bryophyte biology , pp. 312-343
    • Vitt, D.H.1
  • 186
    • 33646451796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change manipulations show Antarctic flora is more strongly affected by elevated nutrients than water
    • Wasley J, Robinson SA, Lovelock CE, Popp M. 2006. Climate change manipulations show Antarctic flora is more strongly affected by elevated nutrients than water. Global Change Biology 12: 1800-1812.
    • (2006) Global Change Biology , vol.12 , pp. 1800-1812
    • Wasley, J.1    Robinson, S.A.2    Lovelock, C.E.3    Popp, M.4
  • 187
    • 0034862814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production and microtopography of bog bryophytes: Response to warming and water-table manipulations
    • Weltzin JF, Harth C, Bridgham SD, Pastor J, Vonderharr M. 2001. Production and microtopography of bog bryophytes: response to warming and water-table manipulations. Oecologia 128: 557-565.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.128 , pp. 557-565
    • Weltzin, J.F.1    Harth, C.2    Bridgham, S.D.3    Pastor, J.4    Vonderharr, M.5
  • 188
    • 1342289870 scopus 로고
    • A subterranean moss greenhouse in the Californian desert
    • Werger MJA, During HJ. 1989. A subterranean moss greenhouse in the Californian desert. Bryologist 92: 411-412.
    • (1989) Bryologist , vol.92 , pp. 411-412
    • Werger, M.J.A.1    During, H.J.2
  • 189
    • 0020354109 scopus 로고
    • Lichen decomposition in a black spruce bog
    • Wetmore CM. 1982. Lichen decomposition in a black spruce bog. Lichenologist 14: 267-271.
    • (1982) Lichenologist , vol.14 , pp. 267-271
    • Wetmore, C.M.1
  • 191
    • 0001612667 scopus 로고
    • Diversity patterns and biomass of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens along an altitudinal gradient in the northern Andes
    • Wolf JHD. 1993. Diversity patterns and biomass of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens along an altitudinal gradient in the northern Andes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 928-960.
    • (1993) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.80 , pp. 928-960
    • Wolf, J.H.D.1
  • 194
    • 0036696001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of abiotic factors on biological nitrogen fixation in different types of vegetation in the High Arctic, Svalbard
    • Zielke M, Ekker AS, Olsen RA, Spjelkavik S, Solheim B. 2002. The influence of abiotic factors on biological nitrogen fixation in different types of vegetation in the High Arctic, Svalbard. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research 34: 293-299.
    • (2002) Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research , vol.34 , pp. 293-299
    • Zielke, M.1    Ekker, A.S.2    Olsen, R.A.3    Spjelkavik, S.4    Solheim, B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.