Relationships among ecologically important dimensions of plant trait variation in seven neotropical forests

Annals of Botany

Volumn 99, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 1003-1015

  Wright, Ian J ^a   Ackerly, David D ^b   Bongers, Frans ^c   Harms, Kyle E ^d,m   Ibarra Manriquez, Guillermo ^e   Martinez Ramos, Miguel ^e   Mazer, Susan J ^f   Muller Landau, Helene C ^g   Paz, Horacio ^e   Pitman, Nigel C A ^h   Poorter, Lourens ^c,i   Silman, Miles R ^j   Vriesendorp, Corine F ^k   Webb, Cam O ^l   Westoby, Mark ^a   Wright, S Joseph ^m  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN ECOSISTEMAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD   (Mexico)

^f UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^g Duke University ^*  (United States)

^h DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁱ Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Bolivia   (Bolivia)

^j WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^k FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (United States)

^l YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^m SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

more..

Author keywords

Fruit size; Leaf size; Phylogenetically independent contrasts; Plant height; Plant strategies; Seed size; Specific leaf area; Tropical rainforest ecology; Wood density

Indexed keywords

DENSITY; DIVERGENCE; FRUIT; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HEIGHT; LEAF AREA; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; NEOTROPICAL REGION; PHYLOGENETICS; SEED SIZE; TROPICAL FOREST;

ARTICLE; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; EVOLUTION; FRUIT; HISTOLOGY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENY; PLANT; PLANT LEAF; PLANT SEED; TREE; TROPIC CLIMATE;

ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; EVOLUTION; FRUIT; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENY; PLANT LEAVES; PLANTS; SEEDS; TREES; TROPICAL CLIMATE;

EID: 34548392804     PISSN: 03057364     EISSN: 10958290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl066     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Aarssen LW, Jordan CY. 2001. Between-species patterns of covariation in plant size, seed size and fecundity in monocarpic herbs. Ecoscience 8: 471-477.
2. Ackerly DD. 2004. Functional strategies of chaparral shrubs in relation to seasonal water deficit and disturbance. Ecological Monographs 74: 25-44.
3. Ackerly DD, Donoghue MJ. 1998. Leaf size, sapling allometry, and Corner's Rules - phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples (Acer). American Naturalist 152: 767-791.
4. Augspurger CK. 1986. Morphology and dispersal potential of wind-dispersed diaspores of neotropical trees. American Journal of Botany 73: 353-363.
5. Becker P, Meinzer FC, Wullschleger SD. 2000. Hydraulic limitation of tree height: a critique. Functional Ecology 14: 4-11.
6. Bongers F, Popma J. 1988. Is exposure-related variation in leaf characteristics of tropical rain forest species adaptive? In: Werger MJA, van der Aart PJM, During HJ, Verhoeven JTA eds. Plant form and vegetation structure. The Hague: SPB Academic Publishing, 191-200.
7. Bongers F, Popma J. 1990. Leaf characteristics of the tropical rain forest flora of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Botanical Gazette 151: 354-365.
8. Bongers F, Popma J, Del Castillo JM, Carabias J. 1988. Structure and floristic composition of the lowland rain forest of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Vegetatio 74: 55-80.
9. Bucci SJ, Goldstein G, Meinzer FC, Scholz FG, Franco AC, Bustamante M. 2004. Functional convergence in hydraulic architecture and water relations of tropical savanna trees: from leaf to whole plant. Tree Physiology 24: 891-899.
10. Cavender-Bares J, Kitajima K, Bazzaz FA. 2004. Multiple trait associations in relation to habitat differentiation among 17 Floridian oak species. Ecological Monographs 74: 635-662.
11. Charnov EL. 1993. Life history invariants: some explorations of symmetry in evolutionary ecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12. Coley PD. 1988. Effects of plant growth rate and leaf lifetime on the amount and type of anti-herbivore defense. Oecologia 74: 531-536.
13. Condit RS, Aguilar S, Hernandez A, Perez R, Lao S, Angehr G, Hubbell SP, Foster RB. 2004. Tropical forest dynamics across a rainfall gradient and the impact of an El Nino dry season. Journal of Tropical Ecology 20: 51-72.
14. Cornelissen JHC. 1999. A triangular relationship between leaf size and seed size among woody species: allometry, ontogeny, ecology and taxonomy. Oecologia 118: 248-255.
15. Corner E. 1949. The Durian theory, or the origin of the modern tree. Annals of Botany 13: 368-414.
16. Croat TB. 1978. Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
17. Dalling JW, Hubbell SP, Silvera K. 1998. Seed dispersal, seedling establishment and gap partitioning among pioneer trees. Journal of Ecology 86: 674-689.
18. Diaz S, Hodgson JG, Thompson K, Cabido M, Cornelissen JHC, Jalili A, et al. 2004. The plant traits that drive ecosystems: evidence from three continents. Journal of Vegetation Science 15: 295-304.
19. Enquist BJ, West GB, Charnov EL, Brown JH. 1999. Allometric scaling of production and life-history variation in vascular plants. Nature 401: 907-911.
20. Falster DS, Westoby M. 2003. Leaf size and angle vary widely across species: what consequences for light interception? New Phytologist 158: 509-525.
21. Falster DS, Warton DI, Wright IJ. 2003. (S)MATR: standardised major axis tests and routines. http://www.bio.mq.edu.au/ecology/SMATR/
22. Felsenstein J. 1985. Phylogenies and the comparative method. American Naturalist 125: 1-15.
23. Fonseca CR, Overton JM, Collins B, Westoby M. 2000. Shifts in trait combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients. Journal of Ecology 88: 964-977.
24. Garland TJ, Harvey PH, Ives AR. 1992. Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Systematic Biology 41: 18-32.
25. Garnier E, Cortez J, Billès G, Navas M-L, Roumet C, Debussche M, et al. 2004. Plant functional markers capture ecosystem properties during secondary succession. Ecology 85: 2630-2637.
26. Givnish TJ. 1978. Ecological aspects of plant morphology: leaf form in relation to environment. In: Sattler R ed. Theoretical plant morphology. Leiden, The Netherlands: Leiden University Press, 83-142.
27. Givnish TJ. 1995. Plant stems: biomechanical adaptation for energy capture and influence on species distributions. In: Gartner B ed. Plant stems: physiology and functional morphology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 3-49.
28. Gower ST, Reich PB, Son Y. 1993. Canopy dynamics and aboveground production of five tree species with different leaf longevities. Tree Physiology 12: 327-345.
29. Grime JP, Thompson K, Hunt R, Hodgson JG, Cornelissen JHC, Rorison IH, et al. 1997. Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialisation in plants. Oikos 79: 259-281.
30. Hacke UG, Sperry JS, Pittermann J. 2005. Efficiency versus safety tradeoffs for water conduction in angiosperm vessels versus gymnosperm tracheids. In: Holbrook NM, Zwieniecki MA eds. Vascular transport in plants. Oxford: Elsevier/Academic Press, 333-353.
31. Harvey PH, Pagel MD. 1991. The comparative method in evolutionary biology Oxford: Oxford University Press.
32. Henery ML, Westoby M. 2001. Seed mass and seed nutrient content as predictors of seed output variation between species. Oikos 92: 479-490.
33. Ibarra-Manriquez G, Martinez-Ramos M, Oyama K. 2001. Seedling functional types in a lowland rain forest in Mexico. American Journal of Botany 88: 1801-1812.
34. Ibarra-Manriquez G, Sinaca S. 1987. Listados florísticos de México VII. Estación de Biología Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico: Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
35. Jakobsson A, Eriksson O. 2000. A comparative study of seed number, seed size, seedling size and recruitment in grassland plants. Oikos 88: 494-502.
36. Kaiser HF. 1960. The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement 20: 141-151.
37. King DA, Davies SJ, Nur Supardi MN, Tan S. 2005. Tree growth is related to light interception and wood density in two mixed dipterocarp forests of Malaysia. Functional Ecology 19: 445-453.
38. Kitajima K. 1992 The importance of cotyledon functional morphology and patterns of seed reserve utilization for the physiological ecology of neotropical tree seedlings. PhD Thesis, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
39. Kocacinar F, Sage RF. 2004. Photosynthetic pathway alters hydraulic structure and function in woody plants. Oecologia 139: 214-223.
40. Lawton RO. 1984. Ecological constraints on wood density in a tropical montane rain forest. American Journal of Botany 71: 261-267.
41. Leigh J, Egbert G, Rand S, Windsor DM, eds 1996. The ecology of a tropical forest: seasonal rhythms and long-term changes, 2nd edn. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
42. Leishman MR, Wright IJ, Moles AT, Westoby M. 2000. The evolutionary ecology of seed size. In: Fenner M ed. Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 31-57.
43. McDade LA, Hartshorn GS. 1994. La Selva Biological Station. In: McDade LA, Bawa KS, Hespenheide HA, Hartshorn GS, eds. La Selva: ecology and natural history of a neotropical rain forest. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 6-14.
44. Meinzer FC. 2003. Functional convergence in plant responses to the environment. Oecologia 134: 1-11.
45. Mencuccini M. 2003. The ecological significance of long-distance water transport: short-term regulation, long-term acclimation and the hydraulic costs of stature across plant life forms. Plant, Cell and Environment 26: 163-182.
46. Moles A, Westoby M. 2000. Do small leaves expand faster than large leaves, and do shorter expansion times reduce herbivore damage? Oikos 90: 517-526.
47. Moles AT, Westoby M. 2004. Seedling survival and seed size: a synthesis of the literature. Journal of Ecology 92: 372-383.
48. Moles AT, Falster DS, Leishman MR, Westoby M. 2004. Small-seeded species produce more seeds per square metre of canopy per year, but not per individual per lifetime. Journal of Ecology 92: 384-396.
49. Moles AT, Ackerly DD,Webb CO, Tweddle JC, Dickie JB, Westoby M. 2005. A brief history of seed size. Science 307: 576-580.
50. Muller-Landau HC. 2004. Interspecific and inter-site variation in wood specific gravity of tropical trees. Biotropica 36: 20-32.
51. New M, Hulme M, Jones P. 1999. Representing twentieth-century space-time climate variability. Part I: Development of a 1961-90 mean monthly terrestrial climatology. Journal of Climate 12: 829-856.
52. Niklas K. 1992. Plant biomechanics: an engineering approach to plant form and function Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
53. Pagel MD. 1992. A method for the analysis of comparative data. Journal of Theoretical Biology 156: 431-442.
54. Perez-Harguindeguy N, Diaz S, Cornelissen JHC, Vendramini F, Cabido M, Castellanos A. 2000. Chemistry and toughness predict leaf litter decomposition rates over a wide spectrum of functional types and taxa in central Argentina. Plant and Soil 218: 21-30.
55. Pickup M, Westoby M, Basden A. 2005. Dry mass costs of deploying leaf area in relation to leaf size. Functional Ecology 19: 88-97.
56. Pitman NCA, Terborgh JW, Silman MR, Nunez VP, Neill DA, Ceron CE, Palacios WA, Aulestia M. 2001. Dominance and distribution of tree species in upper Amazonian terra firme forests. Ecology 82: 2101-2117.
57. Poorter L, Arets EJMM. 2003. Light environment and tree strategies in a Bolivian tropical moist forest: an evaluation of the light partitioning hypothesis. Plant Ecology 166: 295-306.
58. Read C, Wright IJ, Westoby M. 2006. Scaling up from leaf to canopy-aggregate properties in sclerophyll shrub species. Austral Ecology 31: 310-316.
59. Reich PB, Walters MB, Ellsworth DS. 1992. Leaf life-span in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecological Monographs 62: 365-392.
60. Reich PB, Walters MB, Ellsworth DS. 1997. From tropics to tundra: global convergence in plant functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 94: 13730-13734.
61. Reich PB, Walters MB, Ellsworth DS, Vose JM, Volin JC, Gresham C, Bowman WD. 1998. Relationships of leaf dark respiration to leaf nitrogen, specific leaf area and leaf life-span - a test across biomes and functional groups. Oecologia 114: 471-482.
62. Roderick ML. 2000. On the measurement of growth with applications to the modelling and analysis of plant growth. Functional Ecology 14: 244-251.
63. Rossetto M, Kooyman RM. 2005. The tension between dispersal and persistence regulates the current distribution of rare palaeo-endemic rain forest flora: a case study. Journal of Ecology 93: 906-917.
64. Ryan MG, Yoder BJ. 1997. Hydraulic limits to tree height and tree growth: what keeps trees from growing beyond a certain height? Bioscience 47: 235-242.
65. Santiago LS, Goldstein G, Meinzer FC, Fisher JB, Machado K, Woodruff D, Jones T. 2004. Leaf photosynthetic traits scale with hydraulic conductivity and wood density in Panamanian forest canopy trees. Oecologia 140: 543-550.
66. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ. 1995. Biometry: the principles and practice of statistics in biological research, 3rd edn. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
67. Stevens PF. 2004. Angiosperm phylogeny website, Version 5, May 2004. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/
68. Stratton L, Goldstein G, Meinzer FC. 2000. Stem water storage capacity and efficiency of water transport: their functional significance in a Hawaiian dry forest. Plant Cell and Environment 23: 99-106.
69. Thompson K, Rabinowitz D. 1989. Do big plants have big seeds? American Naturalist 133: 722-728.
70. Turner IM. 2001. The ecology of trees in the tropical rain forest Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
71. Webb CO, Ackerly DD, Kembel S. 2004. Phylocom. Software for the analysis of community phylogenetic structure and character evolution. http://www.phylodiversity.net/phylocom/
72. Webb CO, Donoghue MJ. 2005. Phylomatic: tree assembly for applied phylogenetics. Molecular Ecology Notes 5: 181-183.
73. Weiher E, van der Werf A, Thompson K, Roderick M, Garnier E, Eriksson O. 1999. Challenging Theophrastus: A common core list of plant traits for functional ecology. Journal of Vegetation Science 10: 609-620.
74. Westoby M. 1999. Generalization in functional plant ecology: the species sampling problem, plant ecology strategies schemes, and phylogeny. In: Pugnaire FI, Valladares F eds. Handbook of functional plant ecology New York: Marcel Dekker, 847-872.
75. Westoby M, Wright IJ. 2003. The spectrum of twig-size variation and its correlates among perennial species in fire-prone sclerophyll vegetation. Oecologia 135: 621-628.
76. Westoby M, Falster DS, Moles AT, Vesk PA, Wright IJ. 2002. Plant ecological strategies: some leading dimensions of variation between species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33: 125-159.
77. Wright IJ, Reich PB, Westoby M, Ackerly DD, Baruch Z, Bongers F, Cavender-Bares J, Chapin FS, et al. 2004. The world-wide leaf economics spectrum. Nature, 428: 821-827.
78. Wright IJ, Reich PB, Cornelissen JHC, Falster DS, Garnier E, Hikosaka K, et al. 2005. Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships. New Phytologist 166: 485-496.
79. Wright SJ, Colley M. 1994. Introduction to tropical forests and the Parque Natural Metropolitano. In: Wright IJ, Colley M eds. Accessing the canopy: assessment of biological diversity and microclimate of the tropical canopy. Phase 1. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Program, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Parque Natural Metropolitano, 1-4.
80. Zimmerman JK, Everhami EM, Waide RB, Lodge DJ, Taylor CM, Brokaw NVL. 1994. Responses of tree species to hurricane winds in subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico: implications for tropical tree life histories. Journal of Ecology 82: 911-922.