Tropical forest dynamics across a rainfall gradient and the impact of an El Niño dry season

Journal of Tropical Ecology

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 51-72

  Condit, Richard ^a   Aguilar, Salomon ^a   Hernandez, Andres ^a   Perez, Rolando ^a   Lao, Suzanne ^a   Angehr, George ^a   Hubbell, Stephen P ^b   Foster, Robin B ^c  

^a SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^c FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Barro Colorado; Climatic variation; El Ni o; Forest dynamics; Panama; Precipitation gradient; Tree species demography; Tropical forest

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE VARIATION; DRY SEASON; EL NINO; FOREST DYNAMICS; MORTALITY; RAINFALL; TROPICAL FOREST;

CENTRAL AMERICA; PANAMA [CENTRAL AMERICA];

EID: 0842266224     PISSN: 02664674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0266467403001081     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. AIBA, S.-I. & KITAYAMA, K. 2002. Effects of the 1997-98 El Niño drought on rain forests of Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18:215-230.
2. BEARD, J. S. 1944. Climax vegetation in tropical America. Ecology 25:127-158.
3. BECKER, P. & WONG, M. 1993. Drought-induced mortality in tropical heath forest. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 5:416-419.
4. BECKER, P., RABENOLD, P. K., IDOL, J. R. & SMITH, A. P. 1988. Water potential gradients for gaps and slopes in a Panamanian tropical moist forest's dry season. Journal of Tropical Ecology 4:173-184.
5. BECKER, P., LYE, O. C. & GOH, F. 1998. Selective drought mortality of dipterocarp trees: no correlation with timber group distributions in Borneo, Biotropica 30:666-671.
6. CAO, K. F. 2000. Water relations and gas exchange of tropical saplings during a prolonged drought in a Bornean heath forest, with reference to root architecture. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16:101-116.
7. CHAPIN, F. S. & SHAVER. G. R. 1985. Individualistic growth response of tundra plant species to environmental manipulations in the field. Ecology 66:564-576.
8. CODY, M. L. 2000. Slow-motion population dynamics in Mojave Desert perennial plants. Journal of Vegetation Science 11:351-358.
9. CONDIT, R. 1995. Research in large, long-term tropical forest plots. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 10:18-22.
10. CONDIT, R. 1998a. Ecological implications of changes in drought patterns: shifts in forest composition in Panama. Climatic Change 39:413-427.
11. CONDIT, R. 1998b. Tropical forest census plots. Springer-Verlag and R. G. Landes Company, Berlin and Georgetown. 211 pp.
12. CONDIT, R. In press. Species richness and species ranges estimated from using tree census plots: how accurate are incomplete inventories? In Daly. D. (ed.) Studies of neotropical flora. Columbia University Press. New York.
13. CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1992. Stability and change of a neotropical moist forest over a decade. Bioscience 42:822-828.
14. CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1993. Identifying fast-growing native trees from the neotropics using data from a large. permanent census plot. Forest Ecology and Management 62:123-143.
15. CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1995. Mortality rates of 205 neotropical tree and shrub species and the impact of a severe drought. Ecological Monographs 65:419-439.
16. CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1996. Changes in a tropical forest with a shifting climate: results from a 50 ha permanent census plot in Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12:231-256.
17. CONDIT, R., FOSTER, R. B., HUBBELL, S. P., SUKUMAR, R., LEIGH, E. G., MANOKARAN, N. & LOO DE LAO, S. 1998. Assessing forest diversity on small plots: calibration using species-individual curves from 50 ha plots. Pp. 247-268 in Dallmeier, F. & Comiskey, J. A. (eds). Forest biodiversity diversity research, monitoring, and modeling. UNESCO, the Parthenon Publishing Group, Paris.
18. CONDIT, R., ASHTON, P. S., MANOKARAN, N., LAFRANKIE, J. V., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1999. Dynamics of the forest communities at Pasoh and Barro Colorado: comparing two 50 ha plots. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 354:1739-1748.
19. CONDIT, R., WATTS, K., BOHLMAN, S. A., PÉREZ, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 2000. Quantifying the deciduousness of tropical forest canopies under varying climates. Journal of Vegetation Science 11:649-658.
20. CONDIT, R., ROBINSON, W. D., IBAÑEZ, R., AGUILAR, S., SANJUR, A., MARTÍNEZ, R., STALLARD, R., GARCÍA, T., ANGEHR, G., PETIT, L., WRIGHT, S. J., ROBINSON, T. R. & HECKADON, S. 2001. Maintaining the canal while conserving biodiversity around it: a challenge for economic development in Panama in the 21st century. Bioscience 51:135-144.
21. CONDIT, R., PITMAN, N., LEIGH, E. G., CHAVE, J., TERBORGH, J., FOSTER, R. B., NÚÑEZ, P. V., AGUILAR, S., VALENCIA, R., VILLA, G., MULLER-LANDAU, H., LOSOS, E. & HUBBELL, S. P. 2002. Beta-diversity in tropical forest trees. Science 295:666-669.
22. CROAT, T. R. 1978. Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press. Stanford 943 pp.
23. D'ARCY, W. G. 1987. Flora of Panama. Part I. Introduction and checklist. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. 328 pp.
24. ENGELBRECHT, B. M. J., WRIGHT, S. J. & DESTEVEN, D. 2002. Survival and ecophysiology of tree seedlings during El Niño drought in a tropical moist forest in Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18:569-579.
25. GELDENHUYS, C. J. 1993. Observations of the effects of drought on evergreen and deciduous species in the eastern Cape forests. South African Journal of Botany 59:522-534.
26. GELMAN, A., CARLIN, J. B., STERN, H. S. & RUBIN, D. B. 1995. Bayesian data analysis. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton. 526 pp.
27. GENTRY, A. H. 1982. Patterns of neotropical plant species diversity. Evolutionary Biology 15:1-84.
28. GENTRY, A. H. 1988. Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75:1-34.
29. GRAUMLICH, L. J. 1993. Response of tree growth to climatic variation in the mixed conifer and deciduous forest of the upper Great Lakes region. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23:133-143.
30. HALL, P., ASHTON, P. S., CONDIT, R., MANOKARAN, N. & HUBBELL, S. P. 1998. Signal and noise in sampling tropical forest structure and dynamics. Pp. 63-78 in Dallmeier, F. & Comiskey, J. A. (eds). Forest biodiversity diversity research, monitoring, and modeling. UNESCO, the Parthenon Publishing Group, Paris.
31. HARMS, K. E., CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 2001. Habitat associations of trees and shrubs in a neotropical forest. Journal of Ecology 89:947-959.
32. HARRISON, R. D. 2001. Drought and the consequences of El Niño in Borneo: a case study of ligs. Population Ecology 43:63-75.
33. HOLDRIDGE, L. R. 1967. Life zone ecology. Tropical Science Center. San Jose, Costa Rica. 206 pp.
34. HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1983. Diversity of canopy trees in a neotropical forest and implications for conservation. Pp. 25-41 in Sutton, S. L., Whitmore, T. C. & Chadwick, A. C. (eds). Tropical rain forest: ecology and management. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford.
35. LAURANCE, W. E., WILLIAMSON, G. B., DELAMÔNICA, P., ALEXANDRE, O., LOVEJOY, T. E., GASCON, C. & POHL, L. 2001. Effects of a strong drought on Amazonian forest fragments and edges. Journal of Tropical Ecology 17:771-785.
36. LEIGH, E. G. 1999. Tropical forest ecology: a view from Barro Colorado Island. Oxford University Press, New York. 245 pp.
37. LEIGH, E. G., WINDSOR, D. M., RAND, A. S. & FOSTER, R. B. 1990. The impact of the "El Niño" drought of 1982-83 on a Panamanian semideciduous forest. Pp. 473-486 in Glynn. P. W. (ed.). Global ecological consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
38. MURPHY, P. G. & LUGO, A. E. 1986. Ecology of tropical dry forest. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 17:67-88.
39. NAKAGAWA, M., TANAKA, K., NAKASHIZUKA, T., OHKUBO, T., KATO, T., MAEDA, T., SATO, K., MIGUCHI, H., NAGAMASU, H., OGINO, K., TEO, S., HAMID, A. A. & LEE, H. S. 2000. Impact of severe drought associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño in a tropical forest in Sarawak. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16:355-367.
40. NEWBERY, D. M., KENNEDY, D. N., PISTOL, G. H., MADANI, L. & RIDSDALE, C. E. 1999. Primary forest dynamics in lowland dipterocarp forest at Danum Valley. Sabah, Malaysia, and the role of the understorey. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 354:1763-1782.
41. PACIOREK, C. J., CONDIT, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 2000. The demographics of resprouting in tree and shrub species of a moist tropical forest. Journal of Ecology 88:765-777.
42. PHILLIPS, O. L., HALL, P., GENTRY, A. H., SAWYER, S. A. & VÁSQUEZ, R. 1994. Dynamics and species richness of tropical rain forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91:2805-2809.
43. PIPERNO, D. 1990. Fitolitos, arqueología y cambios prehistóricos de la vegetación en un lote de cincuenta hectáreas de la isla de Barro Colorado. Pp. 153-156 in Leigh, E. G., Rand, A. S. & Windsor, D. M. (eds). Ecología de un bosque tropical: ciclos estacionales y cambios a largo plaza. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Balboa. República de Panamá.
44. PYKE, C. R., CONDIT, R., AGUILAR, S. & LAO, S. 2001. Floristic composition across a climatic gradient in a neotropical lowland forest. Journal of Vegetation Science 12:553-566.
45. ROSENZWEIG, M. L. 1995. Species diversity in space and time. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 436 pp.
46. RUBINOFF, I. & LEIGH, E. G. 1990. Dealing with diversity: the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and tropical biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5:115-118.
47. SMITH, A. P., HOGAN, K. P. & IDOL, J. R. 1992. Spatial and temporal patterns of light and canopy structure in a lowland moist forest. Biotropica 24:503-511.
48. VANCLAY, J. K. 1994. Modelling forest growth and yield. CAB International, Wallingford. 312 pp.
49. WALSH, R. P. D. 1996. Drought frequency changes in Sabah and adjacent parts of northern Borneo since the late nineteenth century and possible implications for tropical rain forest dynamics. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12:385-407.
50. WOODS, P. 1989. Effects of logging, drought, and fire on structure and composition of tropical forests in Sabah, Malaysia, Biotropica 21:290-298.
51. WRIGHT, S. J., CARRASCO, C., CALDERON, O. & PATON, S. 1999. The El Niño Southern Oscillation, variable fruit production, and famine in a tropical forest. Ecology 80:1632-1647.