A validated SPME-GC-MS method for simultaneous quantification of club drugs in human urine

Forensic Science International

Volumn 171, Issue 2-3, 2007, Pages 142-150

  Brown, Stacy D ^a   Rhodes, Daniel J ^a   Pritchard, Boyd J ^a  

^a THE CITADEL   (United States)

Author keywords

Club drugs; GC MS; SPME; Validation

Indexed keywords

3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; 4 HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; DEUTERIUM; FORMIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HEXYL CHLOROFORMATE; KETAMINE; METHAMPHETAMINE; PYRIDINE; RECREATIONAL DRUG; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; DERIVATIZATION; DESORPTION; DEVICE; EXTRACTION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; ION PAIR CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE ASSAY; SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; STANDARD; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; THICKNESS; URINALYSIS; VALIDATION PROCESS;

EID: 34547693200     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.10.015     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Couper F.J., and Logan B.K. Determination of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in biological specimens by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24 (2000) 1-7
2. http://www.dea.gov
3. Simons J.S., Gaher R.M., Correia C.J., and Bush J.A. Club drug use among college students. Addict. Behav. 30 (2005) 1619-1624
4. Lua A.C., Lin H.R., Tseng Y.T., Hu A.R., and Yeh P.C. Profiles of urine samples from participants at rave party in Taiwan: prevalence of ketamine and MDMA abuse. Forensic Sci. Int. 136 (2003) 47-51
5. Pawliszyn J. Solid Phase Microextraction Theory and Practice (1997), Wiley-VCH, New York
6. Pan L., and Pawliszyn J. Derivatization/solid-phase microextraction: new approach to polar analytes. Anal. Chem. 69 (1997) 196-205
7. Ugland H.G., Krogh M., and Rasmussen K.E. Automated determination of 'Ecstasy' and amphetamines in urine by SPME and capillary gas chromatography after propylchloroformate derivatisation. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 19 (1999) 463-475
8. Ugland H.G., Krogh M., and Rasmussen K.E. Aqueous alkylchloroformate derivatisation and solid-phase microextraction: determination of amphetamines in urine by capillary gas chromatography. J. Chromatogr. B 701 (1997) 29-38
9. Namera A., Yashiki M., Kojima T., and Ueki M. Automated headspace solid-phase mocroextraction and in-matrix derivatization for the determination of amphetamine-related drugs in human urine by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 40 (2002) 19-25
10. Lui J., Hara K., Kashimura S., Kashiwagi M., and Kageura M. New method of derivatization for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of amphetamines in hair. J. Chromatogr. B 758 (2001) 95-101
11. Huang M.K., Liu C., and Huang S.D. One step and highly sensitive headspace solid-phase microextraction sample preparation approach for the analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine in human urine. Analyst 127 (2002) 1203-1206
12. Koster E.H.M., Bruins C.H.P., and deJong G.J. On-fiber derivatization for direct immersion solid-phase microextraction: acylation of amphetamine with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride for urine analysis. Analyst 127 (2002) 598-602
13. Skender L., Karacic V., Brcic I., and Bagaric A. Quantitative determination of amphetamines, cocaine, and opiates in human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci. Int. 125 (2002) 120-126
14. Lee M.R., Song Y.S., Hwang B.H., and Chou C.C. Determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in serum via headspace derivatization solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 896 (2000) 265-273
15. Namera A., Yashiki M., Liu J., Okajima K., Hara K., and Imamura T. Simple and simultaneous analysis of fenfluramine, amphetamine, and methamphetamines in whole blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after headspace-solid phase microextraction and derivatization. Forensic Sci. Int. 109 (2000) 215-223
16. Jurado C., Gimenez M.P., Soriano T., Menendez M., and Repetto M. Rapid analysis of amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, and MDMA in urine using solid-phase microextraction, direct on-fiber derivatization, and analysis by GC-MS. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24 (2000) 11-16
17. Feerrara S.D., Tedeschi L., Frison G., Castagna F., Gallimberti L., Giorgetti R., Gessa G.L., and Palatini P. Therapeutic gamma-hydroxybutyric acid monitoring in plasma and urine by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 11 (1993) 483-487
18. LeBeau M.A., Montgomery M.A., Miller M.L., and Burmeister S.G. Analysis of biofluids for gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-gutyrolactone (GBL) by headspace GC-FID and GC-MS. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24 (2000) 421-428
19. Stillwell M.E. Drug-facilitated sexual assault involving gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. J. Forensic Sci. 47 (2002) 1133-1134
20. ElSohly M.A., and Salamone S.J. Prevalence of drugs used in cases of alleged sexual assault. J. Anal. Toxicol. 23 (1999) 141-146
21. Blair S., Song M., Hall B., and Brodbelt J. Determination of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in water and human urine by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/quadrupole ion trap spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 46 (2001) 688-693
22. Elian A.A. A novel method for GHB detection in urine and its application in drug-facilitated sexual assault. Forensic Sci. Int. 109 (2000) 183-187
23. McCusker R.R., Paget-Wilkes H., Chronister C.W., and Goldberger B.A. Analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in urine by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 23 (1999) 301-305
24. Elian A.A. GC-MS determination of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in blood. Forensic Sci. Int. 122 (2001) 43-47
25. Kintz P., Cirimele V., Jamey C., and Ludes B. Testing for GHB in hair by GC/MS/MS after a single exposure. Application to document sexual assault. J. Forensic Sci. 48 (2003) 195-200
26. Chang T., and Glaszko A.J. A gas chromatographic assay for ketamine in human plasma. Anesthesiology 36 (1972) 401-404
27. Shah V.P., Midha K.K., Findlay J.W.A., Hill H.M., Hulse J.D., McGilveray I.J., McKay G., Miller K.J., Patnaik R.N., Powell M.L., Tonelli A., Vishwanathan C.T., and Yacobi A. Analytical methods validation: bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies. Pharm. Res. 17 (2000) 1551-1557
28. LeBeau M.A., Christenson R.H., Levine B., Darwin W.D., and Huestis M.A. Intra- and inter-individual variations in urinary concentrations of endogenous gamma-hydroxybutyrate. J. Anal. Toxicol. 26 (2002) 340-345
29. LeBeau M.A., Miller M.L., and Levine B. Effect of storage temperature on endogenous GHB levels in urine. Forensic Sci. Int. 119 (2001) 161-167
30. Kochhar M.M. The identification of ketamine and its metabolites in biological fluids by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin. Toxicol. 11 (1977) 265-275