메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 109-130

'Making democracy work' in the Eastern half of Europe: Explaining and conceptualising divergent trajectories of post-communist democratisation

Author keywords

Civil society; Democratisation; Liberalisation; Power relations; Power structures; Putnam; Social capital

Indexed keywords


EID: 34547380236     PISSN: 15705854     EISSN: 15680258     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15705850701322335     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (14)

References (120)
  • 1
    • 0004262709 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Almond, G., & Verba, S. (1963) The Civic Culture (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
    • (1963) The Civic Culture
    • Almond, G.1    Verba, S.2
  • 5
    • 0000432173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Civil society and the collapse of the Weimar Republic
    • Berman, S. (1997) Civil society and the collapse of the Weimar Republic, World Politics, 49(3), pp. 1-49.
    • (1997) World Politics , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-49
    • Berman, S.1
  • 6
    • 34547281691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imigração, Multiculturalismo e Xenofobia na União Européia
    • M. M. Tavares Ribeiro Ed, Coimbra, Portugal: Quarteto
    • Bideleux, R. (2003) Imigração, Multiculturalismo e Xenofobia na União Européia, in: M. M. Tavares Ribeiro (Ed.) Europa em Mutaçãu: Cidadania, Identidade., Diversidade Cultural, pp. 243-261 (Coimbra, Portugal: Quarteto).
    • (2003) Europa em Mutaçãu: Cidadania, Identidade., Diversidade Cultural , pp. 243-261
    • Bideleux, R.1
  • 7
    • 34547302677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Balkans and the European Union: A difficult road
    • A. Landuyt & D. Pasquinucci Eds, Bologna, Italy: Il Mulino
    • Bideleux, R. (2005a) The Balkans and the European Union: A difficult road, in: A. Landuyt & D. Pasquinucci (Eds) Gli allargamenti della CEE/UE 1961-2004 [The Enlargements of the EEC/EU], Vol. I, pp. 659-683 (Bologna, Italy: Il Mulino).
    • (2005) Gli allargamenti della CEE/UE 1961-2004 [The Enlargements of the EEC/EU] , vol.1 , pp. 659-683
    • Bideleux, R.1
  • 8
    • 34547298574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Denmark's ambiguous roles in the eastward enlargement of the European Union: From Copenhagen to Copenhagen
    • A. Landuyt & D. Pasquinucci Eds, Bologna, Italy: II Mulino
    • Bideleux, R. (2005b) Denmark's ambiguous roles in the eastward enlargement of the European Union: From Copenhagen to Copenhagen, in: A. Landuyt & D. Pasquinucci (Eds) Gli allargamenti delia CEE/ UE 1961-2004 [The Enlargements of the EEC/EU], Vol. I, pp. 263-287 (Bologna, Italy: II Mulino).
    • (2005) Gli allargamenti delia CEE/ UE 1961-2004 [The Enlargements of the EEC/EU] , vol.1 , pp. 263-287
    • Bideleux, R.1
  • 15
    • 0001557352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The political economy of postsocialism
    • Bunce, V. (1999) The political economy of postsocialism, Slavic Review, 58(4), pp. 756-793.
    • (1999) Slavic Review , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 756-793
    • Bunce, V.1
  • 16
    • 0036001769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The end of the transition paradigm
    • Carothers, T. (2002) The end of the transition paradigm, Journal of Democracy, 13(1), pp. 5-21.
    • (2002) Journal of Democracy , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-21
    • Carothers, T.1
  • 17
    • 34547361768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CARPO Project (2006, September) Situation Report on Organised and Economic Crime in South-eastern Europe, Ref no. PC-TC(2006)9 (Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe), 130pp. Available at www.coeint/economiccrime
    • CARPO Project (2006, September) Situation Report on Organised and Economic Crime in South-eastern Europe, Ref no. PC-TC(2006)9 (Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe), 130pp. Available at www.coeint/economiccrime
  • 19
    • 0003042450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The historical origin of civil society in Korea
    • Cho, H. (1997) The historical origin of civil society in Korea, Korea Journal, 37(2), pp. 24-41.
    • (1997) Korea Journal , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 24-41
    • Cho, H.1
  • 21
    • 0004207596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Paper No. 20 Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment, Russian Domestic Politics Project
    • Colton, T., & McFaul, M. (2001) Are Russians Undemocratic? Working Paper No. 20 (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment, Russian Domestic Politics Project).
    • (2001) Are Russians Undemocratic
    • Colton, T.1    McFaul, M.2
  • 23
    • 34247151802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capita, beliefs in government, and political corruption
    • S. Pharr & R. Putnam Eds, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Della Porta, D. (2000) Social capita, beliefs in government, and political corruption, in: S. Pharr & R. Putnam (Eds) Disaffected Democracies: What's troubling the trilateral countries?, pp. 202-229 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
    • (2000) Disaffected Democracies: What's troubling the trilateral countries , pp. 202-229
    • Della Porta, D.1
  • 24
    • 34547271631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press
    • Dimitrova, A. (2004) Driven to Change (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press).
    • (2004) Driven to Change
    • Dimitrova, A.1
  • 25
    • 0036066581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital, ethnicity and support for democracy in the post-communist states
    • Dowley, K., & Silver, B. (2002) Social capital, ethnicity and support for democracy in the post-communist states, Europe-Asia Studies, 54(4), pp. 505-527.
    • (2002) Europe-Asia Studies , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 505-527
    • Dowley, K.1    Silver, B.2
  • 26
    • 34547307056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country report: The Czech Republic
    • Freedom House, Available at, accessed 15 February, 2007
    • Drucker, J., & Druckerova, A. (2005) Country report: The Czech Republic, in: Freedom House, Nations in Transit (2005). Available at http://www.frcedomhouse.org (accessed 15 February 2007).
    • (2005) Nations in Transit
    • Drucker, J.1    Druckerova, A.2
  • 27
    • 34547307056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country report: The Czech Republic
    • Freedom House, Available at, accessed 15 February, 2007
    • Drucker, J., & Druckerova, A. (2006) Country report: The Czech Republic, in: Freedom House, Nations in Transit (2006). Available at http://www.freedomhouse.org (accessed 15 February 2007).
    • (2006) Nations in Transit
    • Drucker, J.1    Druckerova, A.2
  • 28
    • 0032220144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Civil society and social capital beyond Putnam
    • Edwards, B., & Foley, M. W. (1998) Civil society and social capital beyond Putnam, The American Behavioral Scientist, 42(1), pp. 124-139.
    • (1998) The American Behavioral Scientist , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 124-139
    • Edwards, B.1    Foley, M.W.2
  • 29
    • 34547320135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European security after the Cold War
    • P. Heywood et al, Eds, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave
    • Epstein, R., & Gheciu, A. (2006) European security after the Cold War, in P. Heywood et al. (Eds) Developments in European Politics, pp. 318-336 (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave).
    • (2006) Developments in European Politics , pp. 318-336
    • Epstein, R.1    Gheciu, A.2
  • 31
    • 58149233370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia , Vienna, Austria: European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia, Available at
    • European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (2006) Annual Report on the Situation Regarding Racism and Xenophobia in Member States of the EU, EUMC, 2006 (Vienna, Austria: European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia). Available at http://eumc.europa.eu
    • (2006) Annual Report on the Situation Regarding Racism and Xenophobia in Member States of the EU, EUMC, 2006
  • 32
    • 0030472489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government action, social capital and development
    • Evans, P. (1996) Government action, social capital and development, World Development, 24(6), pp. 1119-1132.
    • (1996) World Development , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1119-1132
    • Evans, P.1
  • 34
    • 0031725698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democratisation's Requisites: The postcommunist experience
    • Fish, M. S. (1998) Democratisation's Requisites: The postcommunist experience, Post-Soviet Affairs, 14(3), pp. 212-247.
    • (1998) Post-Soviet Affairs , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 212-247
    • Fish, M.S.1
  • 35
    • 55949102765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postcommunist subversion: Social science and democratisation in East Europe and Eurasia
    • Fish, M. S. (1999) Postcommunist subversion: Social science and democratisation in East Europe and Eurasia, Slavic Review, 58(4), pp. 794-823.
    • (1999) Slavic Review , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 794-823
    • Fish, M.S.1
  • 36
    • 0029818120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-Soviet political culture in Russia: An assessment of recent empirical investigations
    • Fleron, F. (1996) Post-Soviet political culture in Russia: An assessment of recent empirical investigations, Europe-Asia Studies, 48(2), pp. 225-260.
    • (1996) Europe-Asia Studies , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-260
    • Fleron, F.1
  • 37
    • 0001410974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escape from politics: Social theory and the social capital debate
    • Foley, M., & Edwards, B. (1996) Escape from politics: Social theory and the social capital debate, The American Behavioral Scientist, 40(5), pp. 550-561.
    • (1996) The American Behavioral Scientist , vol.40 , Issue.5 , pp. 550-561
    • Foley, M.1    Edwards, B.2
  • 38
    • 0032165935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond Tocqueville: Civil society and social capital in comparative perspective
    • Foley, M., & Edwards, B. (1998) Beyond Tocqueville: Civil society and social capital in comparative perspective, The American Behavioral Scientist, 42(1), pp. 5-20.
    • (1998) The American Behavioral Scientist , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-20
    • Foley, M.1    Edwards, B.2
  • 39
    • 0030445393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does civil society thicken? The political construction of social capital in Mexico
    • Fox, J. (1996) How does civil society thicken? The political construction of social capital in Mexico, World Development, 24(6), pp. 1089-1103.
    • (1996) World Development , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1089-1103
    • Fox, J.1
  • 40
    • 0031500135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Politics of institutional choice: Post communist presidents
    • Frye, T. (1997) Politics of institutional choice: Post communist presidents, Comparative Political Studies, 30(5), pp. 523-552.
    • (1997) Comparative Political Studies , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 523-552
    • Frye, T.1
  • 41
    • 0004178565 scopus 로고
    • New York: Free Press
    • Fukuyama, F. (1995) Trust (New York: Free Press).
    • (1995) Trust
    • Fukuyama, F.1
  • 42
  • 44
    • 0000626718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital: The missing link?
    • Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Grootaert, M. (1997) Social capital: The missing link?, in: Expanding the Measure of Wealth, pp. 77-93 (Washington, DC: World Bank).
    • (1997) Expanding the Measure of Wealth , pp. 77-93
    • Grootaert, M.1
  • 46
    • 0001218951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does Palermo represent the future for Moscow?
    • Hedlund, S., & Sundstöm, N. (1996) Does Palermo represent the future for Moscow?, Journal of Public Policy, 16(2), pp. 113-155.
    • (1996) Journal of Public Policy , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 113-155
    • Hedlund, S.1    Sundstöm, N.2
  • 47
    • 0030445181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital as a product of class mobilisation and state intervention: Industrial workers in Kerala, India
    • Heller, P. (1996) Social capital as a product of class mobilisation and state intervention: industrial workers in Kerala, India, World Development, 24(6), pp. 1055-1071.
    • (1996) World Development , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1055-1071
    • Heller, P.1
  • 48
    • 34547558604 scopus 로고
    • Farnborough, UK: D. C. Heath
    • Henner, H. (1973) Mafia and Mafiosi (Farnborough, UK: D. C. Heath).
    • (1973) Mafia and Mafiosi
    • Henner, H.1
  • 50
    • 0027831861 scopus 로고
    • Public sphere'/'civil society' in China?
    • Huang, P. C. C. (1993) 'Public sphere'/'civil society' in China?, Modern China, 19(2), pp. 216-240.
    • (1993) Modern China , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-240
    • Huang, P.C.C.1
  • 51
    • 0001780796 scopus 로고
    • The clash of civilisations?
    • Huntington, S. (1993) The clash of civilisations?, Foreign Affairs, 72(3), pp. 22-49.
    • (1993) Foreign Affairs , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 22-49
    • Huntington, S.1
  • 52
    • 0003308382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The West unique, not universal
    • Huntington, S. (1996) The West unique, not universal, Foreign Affairs, 75(6), pp. 28-46.
    • (1996) Foreign Affairs , vol.75 , Issue.6 , pp. 28-46
    • Huntington, S.1
  • 57
    • 34547256886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jurekovi, P., & Labarre, F. (Eds) (2003) Crushing Crime in South East Europe (Vienna, Austria: National Defence Academy). Available at www.ciaonet.org/book/jup03/ (accessed 20 January 2007).
    • Jurekovi, P., & Labarre, F. (Eds) (2003) Crushing Crime in South East Europe (Vienna, Austria: National Defence Academy). Available at www.ciaonet.org/book/jup03/ (accessed 20 January 2007).
  • 59
    • 0002860585 scopus 로고
    • Is culture destiny? The myth of Asia's anti-democratic values
    • Kim, D. J. (1994) Is culture destiny? The myth of Asia's anti-democratic values, Foreign Affairs, 73(6), pp. 189-194.
    • (1994) Foreign Affairs , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 189-194
    • Kim, D.J.1
  • 62
    • 34247232446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kornai, J, Rothstein, B, & Rose-Ackerman, S, Eds, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan
    • Kornai, J., Rothstein, B., & Rose-Ackerman, S. (Eds) (2004) Creating Trust in Post-Socialist Transition (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan).
    • (2004) Creating Trust in Post-Socialist Transition
  • 64
    • 84967273134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kulik, A, & Pshizova, S, Eds, Westport, CT: Praeger
    • Kulik, A., & Pshizova, S. (Eds) (2005) Political Parties in Post-Soviet Space (Westport, CT: Praeger).
    • (2005) Political Parties in Post-Soviet Space
  • 65
    • 0030306692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and unsocial capital: A review essay on Robert Putnam's making democracy work
    • Levi, M. (1996) Social and unsocial capital: A review essay on Robert Putnam's making democracy work, Politics and Society, 24(1), pp. 45-55.
    • (1996) Politics and Society , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-55
    • Levi, M.1
  • 66
    • 33644920730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why we need a new theory of government
    • Levi, M. (2006) Why we need a new theory of government, Perspectives on Politics, 4(1), pp. 5-19.
    • (2006) Perspectives on Politics , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-19
    • Levi, M.1
  • 71
    • 0004011727 scopus 로고
    • Linz, J, & Valanzuela, A, Eds, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
    • Linz, J., & Valanzuela, A. (Eds) (1994) The Failure of Presidential Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).
    • (1994) The Failure of Presidential Democracy
  • 72
    • 5344229437 scopus 로고
    • Impediments to democratisation in post-communist East-Central Europe
    • G. Wightman Ed, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar
    • Lomax, B. (1995) Impediments to democratisation in post-communist East-Central Europe, in: G. Wightman (Ed.) Party Formation in East-Central Europe, pp. 179-201 (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar).
    • (1995) Party Formation in East-Central Europe , pp. 179-201
    • Lomax, B.1
  • 73
    • 0003885636 scopus 로고
    • Luciani, G, & Beblawi, H, Eds, London: Croom Helm
    • Luciani, G., & Beblawi, H. (Eds) (1987) The Rentier State (London: Croom Helm).
    • (1987) The Rentier State
  • 75
    • 85067590306 scopus 로고
    • The patterns and problems of economic development in rentier states
    • M. A. Cook Ed, London: Oxford University Press
    • Mahdavy, H. (1970) The patterns and problems of economic development in rentier states, in: M. A. Cook (Ed.) Studies in the Economic History of the Middle East, pp. 428-467 (London: Oxford University Press).
    • (1970) Studies in the Economic History of the Middle East , pp. 428-467
    • Mahdavy, H.1
  • 76
    • 0034060916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital and democracy in Russia
    • Marsh, C. (2000a) Social capital and democracy in Russia, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 33, pp. 183-199.
    • (2000) Communist and Post-Communist Studies , vol.33 , pp. 183-199
    • Marsh, C.1
  • 80
    • 23744514779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transitions from postcommunism
    • McFaul, M. (2005) Transitions from postcommunism, Journal of Democracy, 16(3), pp. 5-19.
    • (2005) Journal of Democracy , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 5-19
    • McFaul, M.1
  • 84
    • 0036617159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Was Huntington right? Testing cultural legacies and the civilisation border
    • Mungiu-Pippidi, A., & Mindruta, D. (2002) Was Huntington right? Testing cultural legacies and the civilisation border, International Politics, 39, pp. 193-213.
    • (2002) International Politics , vol.39 , pp. 193-213
    • Mungiu-Pippidi, A.1    Mindruta, D.2
  • 86
    • 0008847699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Russian democracy and social capital
    • Nichols, T. M. (1996) Russian democracy and social capital, Social Science Information, 35(4), pp. 629-642.
    • (1996) Social Science Information , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 629-642
    • Nichols, T.M.1
  • 87
  • 88
    • 34248245593 scopus 로고
    • Dictatorship, democracy and development
    • Olson, M. (1993) Dictatorship, democracy and development, American Political Science Review, 87(3), pp. 567-576.
    • (1993) American Political Science Review , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 567-576
    • Olson, M.1
  • 89
    • 0001298528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital: A fad or a fundamental concept?
    • P. Dasgupta & I. Serageldin Eds, Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Ostrom, E. (1999) Social capital: A fad or a fundamental concept?, in: P. Dasgupta & I. Serageldin (Eds) Social Capital: A multifaceted perspective, pp. 172-214 (Washington, DC: World Bank).
    • (1999) Social Capital: A multifaceted perspective , pp. 172-214
    • Ostrom, E.1
  • 90
    • 0035127471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creating social capital in Russia: The Novgorod model
    • Petro, N. (2001) Creating social capital in Russia: The Novgorod model, World Development, 29(2), pp. 229-244.
    • (2001) World Development , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-244
    • Petro, N.1
  • 93
    • 0003443840 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Putnam, R. D. (1993) Making Democracy Work (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
    • (1993) Making Democracy Work
    • Putnam, R.D.1
  • 100
    • 0034395739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trust, social dilemmas and collective memories
    • Rothstein, B. (2000) Trust, social dilemmas and collective memories, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 12(4), pp. 477-501.
    • (2000) Journal of Theoretical Politics , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 477-501
    • Rothstein, B.1
  • 101
    • 33244488161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social trust and honesty in government: A causal mechanisms approach
    • J. Kornai, B. Rothstein & S. Rose-Ackerman Eds, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan
    • Rothstein, B. (2004) Social trust and honesty in government: A causal mechanisms approach, in: J. Kornai, B. Rothstein & S. Rose-Ackerman (Eds) Creating Trust in Post-Socialist Transition, pp. 13-20 (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan).
    • (2004) Creating Trust in Post-Socialist Transition , pp. 13-20
    • Rothstein, B.1
  • 104
    • 0037812722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd edition Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment
    • Shevtsova, L. (2005) Putin's Russia, 2nd edition (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment).
    • (2005) Putin's Russia
    • Shevtsova, L.1
  • 108
    • 0141968656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steger, M, McLean, S, & Schutz, D, Eds, New York: New York University Press
    • Steger, M., McLean, S., & Schutz, D. (Eds) (2002) Social Capital (New York: New York University Press).
    • (2002) Social Capital
  • 109
    • 0000318619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Civil society and human rights in Korea
    • Steinberg, D. (1997) Civil society and human rights in Korea, Korea Journal, 37(2), pp. 145-165.
    • (1997) Korea Journal , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-165
    • Steinberg, D.1
  • 110
    • 5844383486 scopus 로고
    • Constitutional frameworks and democratic consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus presidentialism
    • Stepan, A., & Skach, C. (1993) Constitutional frameworks and democratic consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus presidentialism, World Politics, 46(1), pp. 127-141.
    • (1993) World Politics , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-141
    • Stepan, A.1    Skach, C.2
  • 111
    • 0030306461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making social science work across space and time: A critical reflection on Robert Putnam's
    • Tarrow, S., (1996) Making social science work across space and time: A critical reflection on Robert Putnam's Making Democracy Work, American Political Science Review, 90(2), pp. 389-397.
    • (1996) Making Democracy Work, American Political Science Review , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 389-397
    • Tarrow, S.1
  • 112
    • 33751540385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transactional and participatory activism in the emerging European polity: The puzzle of East Central Europe
    • Tarrow, S., & Petrova, T. (2007) Transactional and participatory activism in the emerging European polity: The puzzle of East Central Europe, Comparative Political Studies, 40(1), pp. 74-94.
    • (2007) Comparative Political Studies , vol.40 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-94
    • Tarrow, S.1    Petrova, T.2
  • 115
    • 0242564436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Varese, F. (2001) The Russian Mafia (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press).
    • (2001) The Russian Mafia
    • Varese, F.1
  • 117
    • 0003539944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • White, S. (2000) Russia's New Politics (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press).
    • (2000) Russia's New Politics
    • White, S.1
  • 118
    • 0004042673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White, S, Batt, J, & Lewis, P. G, Eds, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave
    • White, S., Batt, J., & Lewis, P. G. (Eds) (2003) Developments in Central and East European Politics (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave).
    • (2003) Developments in Central and East European Politics
  • 119
    • 17644443798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Researching social capital in Africa
    • Widner, J., & Mundt, A. (1998) Researching social capital in Africa, Africa, 68(1), pp. 1-23.
    • (1998) Africa , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-23
    • Widner, J.1    Mundt, A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.